Pandemic pedagogies: the impact of ERT on part-time learners in Ireland

Abstract For this research communication our objective was to investigate to what extent milk coagulation properties and milk fatty acid (FA) composition were affected by different feeding systems, season and their interaction. Eighteen cows in total were subjected to one of three different feeding system treatments: full-time grazing or part-time grazing combined with indoor feeding of fresh grass with low or high concentrate supplementation. Milk was sampled in spring, summer and autumn. Milk coagulation time was 15.0, 19.0 and 17.7 min, coagulation dynamics 1.67, 3.41 and 1.79 min, and curd firmness 52.7, 32.4 and 47.0 mm in spring, summer and autumn, respectively. Thus, milk coagulation properties of the milk were lower during summer. There were strong seasonal effects on milk FA proportions, but there were not always changes with progressing season, or changes were different with respect to the impact of the feeding systems (system × season interaction). The milk fat was favourably rich in oleic acid, conjugated linoleic acid and α-linolenic acid and had a low n-6/n-3 fatty acid ratio in all systems. Factors like seasonal variations in grass composition and the energy balance of the cows were considered relevant for the milk FA composition. Overall, seasonal variations in milk quality were less pronounced with part-time grazing with fresh grass indoors as compared to full-time grazing without concentrate.

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The Impact of Employment Quality and Housing Quality on Human Development in the European Union

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su13020969 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (2) ◽

pp. 969

Author(s):

Marina Checa-Olivas ◽

Bladimir de la Hoz-Rosales ◽

Rafael Cano-Guervos

Keyword(s):

European Union ◽

Human Development ◽

Capabilities Approach ◽

Housing Quality ◽

The European Union ◽

Human Capabilities ◽

Time Work ◽

Part Time ◽

Employment Quality ◽

The Impact

This study aims to contribute new information on how and through which factors employment quality and housing quality can be improved from a human development approach so that people can live the life they want. Using the human capabilities approach as a theoretical reference framework, the article analyses the effect of involuntary part-time employment and overcrowded housing on the Human Development Index (HDI). The empirical analysis is based on the panel data technique, which is applied to data from the European Statistical Office (Eurostat) and the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) for the 28 member countries of the European Union. The results shed new evidence on how involuntary part-time work and overcrowded housing limit or hinder people from living the lives they want, at least in the dimensions measured by the HDI.

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Caught in the Net: The Impact of Changes to Canadian Employment Insurance Legislation on Part-time Workers

Social Policy and Society ◽

10.1017/s1474746403001039 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

pp. 1-11 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Norene Pupo ◽

Ann Duffy

Keyword(s):

Labour Force ◽

Safety Net ◽

Social Safety Net ◽

Employment Insurance ◽

The Social ◽

Canadian Context ◽

Insurance Programme ◽

Part Time ◽

Industrialised Countries ◽

The Impact

Throughout Western highly industrialised countries, there has been a marked shift toward more conservative social policies signalling a dismantling of the welfare state as part of the process of globalisation. This paper examines the aetiology of the (un)employment insurance programme in the Canadian context. Recently, legislators have tightened eligibility rules, lowered earnings replacement rates and altered coverage requirements. While these changes signal a shredding of the social safety net, they differentially impact on certain segments of the population. Despite official pronouncements of fairness, employment insurance changes intensify the subordination women experience in the paid labour force.

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Employee satisfaction and use of flexible working arrangements

Work Employment and Society ◽

10.1177/0950017016631447 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 31 (4) ◽

pp. 567-585 ◽

Cited By ~ 37

Author(s):

Daniel Wheatley

Keyword(s):

Change Score ◽

Full Time ◽

Panel Survey ◽

Positive Effects ◽

Score Analysis ◽

Flexible Working ◽

Part Time ◽

Negative Impacts ◽

Full Time Employment ◽

The Impact

This article considers the impact of flexible working arrangements (FWAs), using the British Household Panel Survey and Understanding Society, 2001–10/11. Results of panel logit, ANCOVA and change-score analysis are indicative of positive impacts from use of a number of FWAs, including homeworking having positive effects for men and women on job and leisure satisfaction. However, findings reveal gaps in availability and use of FWAs, and highlight the gendered nature of flexible employment. Flexi-time, the most common FWA among men, has positive effects as it facilitates management of household responsibilities while maintaining full-time employment. Part-time and homeworking are also positive, consistent with men using FWAs with a greater degree of choice. Women more often are constrained in their use of FWAs, often into working reduced hours. Consequently, FWAs have negative impacts for some women, on job (part-time when used for extended periods, flexi-time), leisure (job-share, flexi-time) and life satisfaction (job-share).

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Directing Equal Pay in the UK ICT Labour Market

Information Communication Technologies ◽

10.4018/978-1-59904-949-6.ch223 ◽

2008 ◽

pp. 3150-3157

Author(s):

Claire Keogh ◽

Angela Tattersall ◽

Helen Richardson

Keyword(s):

Labour Market ◽

National Level ◽

Equal Pay ◽

Skills Shortage ◽

Part Time ◽

Underrepresentation Of Women ◽

Equal Pay Act ◽

Ict Industry ◽

The Uk ◽

The Impact

The UK labour market is dramatically changing, with rapid technological innovations alongside globalisation where organisations are required to place a premium on human and intellectual capital. The demand for labour is outstripping supply, and businesses are increasingly dependent on their ability to attract, invest in and develop their workforce (Kingsmill, 2003). However, a recent comparative report of the information technology (IT) workforce in Holland, Germany and the UK indicates that women are haemorrhaging out of the IT sector (Platman & Taylor, 2004). Given that presently there is an IT specialist’s skills shortage of 18.4% (IER/IFF, 2003), and female IT managers represent a mere 15% of ICT managers, 30% of IT operations technicians and 11% of IT strategy planning professionals (EOC, 2004a), this suggests that the ICT industry is not equipped for equality and diversity at work. Despite many years of egalitarian rhetoric and 3 decades after the UK Equal Pay Act (1970) was introduced, women still receive on average 18% less than that of their male counterparts working full-time and 41% less than men when working part-time hours. The ESF-funded DEPICT project seeks to identify pay discrimination experienced by women in ICT at a national level throughout England. An important aim is to highlight the impact of pay and reward discrimination has on the underrepresentation of women in the ICT labour market. From this study, we hope to more clearly understand the reasons for the gender pay gap, particularly in the ICT sector; and the impact this has on women’s entry and retention to occupations where they are already severely underrepresented. Equal pay is an issue for all; it’s unjust, unlawful and impacts on social justice, equality and economic performance (EOC, 2001b). Pay is a major factor affecting relationships at work; distribution and levels of pay and benefits affect efficiency of organisations, workforce morale and productivity. It is vital for organisations to develop pay systems that reward workers fairly for the work they perform (ACAS, 2005).

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Rural-Urban Migration and its Effect on Land Transfer in Rural China

Land ◽

10.3390/land9030081 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (3) ◽

pp. 81 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Dingde Xu ◽

Zhuolin Yong ◽

Xin Deng ◽

Linmei Zhuang ◽

Chen Qing

Keyword(s):

Labor Force ◽

Rural China ◽

Urban Migration ◽

Land Area ◽

Land Use Patterns ◽

Land Transfer ◽

Average Probability ◽

Part Time ◽

Rural Urban Migration ◽

The Impact

Labor force rural-urban migration will lead to changes to the land use patterns of farmers. Using the survey data on dynamic migration of the Chinese labor force in 2014, iv-probit and iv-tobit models were used to analyze the impact of labor migration on the land transfer of farmers. The results show that: (1) Off-farm employment would significantly impact land transfer of farmers and the results are robust. With every 10% increase in the proportion of off-farm employment of farmers, the average probability of rent-in land of farmers decreases by 1.55%, and the average transfer in land area of farmers decreased by 1.04%. Similarly, with every 10% increase in the proportion of off-farm employment of farmers, the average probability of rent-out land of farmers increases by 4.77%, and the average transfer out land area of farmers increases by 3.98%. (2) Part-time employment also has a significant impact on land transfer of farmers, but the impact of part-time employment on land transfer in is not robust. Specifically, with every 10% increase in part-farm employment, the average probability of rent-out land of farmers increases by 7.64%, and the average transfer out land area of farmers increases by 6.85%.

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Ethnic Differences in Women's Employment

Work Employment and Society ◽

10.1177/0950017097113003 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 11 (3) ◽

pp. 435-457 ◽

Cited By ~ 23

Author(s):

Clare Holdsworth ◽

Angela Dale

Keyword(s):

Ethnic Groups ◽

Economic Activity ◽

White Women ◽

Occupational Attainment ◽

Women's Employment ◽

Full Time ◽

Women’S Employment ◽

Part Time ◽

The Impact ◽

Minority Ethnic

This paper uses the 1 per cent household file from the Samples of Anonymised Records (SARs) for the 1991 Census and the ONS Longitudinal Study (LS) to explore variations in patterns of employment and occupational attainment among women from different ethnic groups. The analysis of the SARs focuses on the impact of lifecycle events on women's employment status and economic activity. The presence of a partner is identified as having the greatest impact on Pakinstani and Bangladeshi women's employment, while the presence of a pre-school child is most significant for White women's economic activity. White women also have a higher rate of part-time worlding than all other ethnic groups. These patterns are for malised in two models, one for economic activity and a second for full-time/part-time work. The LS is used to investigate the impact of these employment patterns on women's occupational attainment over a ten-year period. The analysis demonstrates that, while minority ethnic women in nonmanual occupations have similar longitudinal occupational profiles to White women, those in manual occupations fare worse than their White counterparts, despite the fact that a larger propotion of minority ethnic women are in fill-time employment.

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Mobility of Engineering and Technology Professionals and its Impact on the Quality of Engineering and Technology Education

International Journal of Quality Assurance in Engineering and Technology Education ◽

10.4018/ijqaete.2011070104 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 1 (2) ◽

pp. 35-49

Author(s):

Fredreck Chinyemba

Keyword(s):

Technology Education ◽

Research Output ◽

Engineering And Technology Education ◽

University Of Technology ◽

Scientific Research Output ◽

Engineering And Technology ◽

Negative Effect ◽

Part Time ◽

The Impact

This study explores the impact of mobility of qualified and experienced engineering and technology lecturers on the quality of engineering and technology education. A structured questionnaire was used to collect data from students, lecturers, Heads of Departments and Academic Deans at Chinhoyi University of Technology, Zimbabwe. The findings from this study indicate that the absence of experienced and qualified professionals has a negative effect on the quality of engineering and technology education. The lecturer’s experience is considered a rich legitimate source of quality. Findings also reveal that the use of teaching assistants and part time lecturers as an alternative to experienced professionals, coupled with lack of resources, adversely impacted on the quality of graduates from the institution. Essentially, lectures conducted were characterized by poor instructional delivery, rushing through courses and over burdened lecturers. Scientific research output was significantly low and productive time was being wasted on human resource issues.

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