Predictive factors of functional independence in basic activities of daily living during hospitalization and after discharge of stroke patients

Reports investigating the relationship between sarcopenic obesity and activities of daily living in older patients with stroke were limited. This study aimed to examine the prevalence of sarcopenic obesity and its association with activities of daily living in older post-stroke patients in convalescent rehabilitation wards. This study was performed in older post-stroke patients admitted to convalescent rehabilitation wards between January 2017 and March 2019. Sarcopenia was diagnosed based on the skeletal muscle mass index and hand grip strength according to the criteria of the 2019 Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia. Obesity was diagnosed according to the body fat percentage; ≥27% in men, ≥38% in women. The primary outcome was the Functional Independence Measure (FIM) score upon admission, which was analyzed using multiple linear regression. In total, 376 participants (women 44%; mean age 77.5 years) were analyzed and classified as normal (22%), simple obesity (17%), sarcopenia without obesity (32%), and sarcopenic obesity (28%). The presence of sarcopenic obesity was independently associated with the FIM score (95% CI, −16.157 to −5.353), whereas simple obesity and sarcopenia without obesity were not. In conclusion, sarcopenic obesity was independently associated with lower activities of daily living capability in older patients with stroke.

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Abstract WP67: Ultra-early Institution of Statin Treatment is Associated With Improved Outcomes Among Acute Ischemic Stroke Patients Receiving Thrombolytic Treatment

Stroke ◽

10.1161/str.48.suppl_1.wp67 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 48 (suppl_1) ◽

Author(s):

Adnan I Qureshi ◽

Muhammad A Saleem

Keyword(s):

Ischemic Stroke ◽

Activities Of Daily Living ◽

Endovascular Treatment ◽

Acute Ischemic Stroke ◽

Daily Living ◽

Recombinant Tissue Plasminogen Activator ◽

Statin Treatment ◽

Functional Independence ◽

Stroke Patients ◽

Statin Use

Background: There is preliminary evidence that early statin use may improve the outcomes of acute ischemic stroke patients following endovascular treatment. Methods: We analyzed data from subjects treated with intravenous (IV) recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rt-PA) alone or in combination with endovascular treatment the Interventional Management of Stroke III trial. We compared the rates of functional independence (defined by modified Rankin scale of 0-2) and minimal impairment of activities of daily living (Barthel index at 90 days 95-100)at 3 and 12 months among subjects with ultra-early institution of statin treatment (on Day 0) with those in whom statin treatment was not initiated and in those in whom statins were initiated between Day 1-discharge (delayed institution)after adjusting for age and baseline National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score strata, history of hyperlipidemia; and statin use at baseline Results: Of the 656 subjects who were recruited in the trial, ultra-early institution of statin treatment and delayed institution occurred in 51 and 387 subjects, respectively. At 3 months post randomization, the adjusted rates of independent functional outcome (odds ratio [OR] 2.3; 95 % confidence interval [CI] 1.2-4.5; P = 0.015) and minimal impairment of activities of daily living (OR 2.2; 95 % CI 1.1-4.3; P = 0.022) were higher among subjects with ultra-early institution of statin treatment compared with those without any statin treatment. The adjusted rates of functional independence (OR 2.7; 95 % CI 1.4-5.2; P = 0.004) continued to higher among subjects with ultra-early institution of statin treatment at 12 months post randomization. The adjusted rates of functional independence and minimal impairment of activities of daily living were higher among subjects with ultra-early institution of statin treatment compared with those without any statin treatment in subjects randomized to endovascular treatment. Conclusions: Ultra-early institution of statin treatment in acute ischemic stroke patients treated with IV rt-PA with or without endovascular treatment was associated with improved outcome at both 3 and 12 months

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Effects of Task Training for Cognitive Activation of Stroke Patients on Upper Function and Activities of Daily Living

The Korean Society of Cognitive Therapeutic Exercise ◽

10.29144/kscte.2018.10.2.027 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 10 (2) ◽

pp. 27-34

Author(s):

Yu-Jeong Kim ◽

Bo-Ra Kang ◽

Si-Nae Ahn

Keyword(s):

Activities Of Daily Living ◽

Daily Living ◽

Stroke Patients ◽

Cognitive Activation ◽

Task Training

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Increased intramuscular adipose tissue of the quadriceps is related to the decrease of activities of daily living in stroke patients

Nutrition ◽

10.1016/j.nut.2021.111277 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 111277

Author(s):

Naoki Akazawa ◽

Masaki Kishi ◽

Toshikazu Hino ◽

Ryota Tsuji ◽

Kimiyuki Tamura ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Adipose Tissue ◽

Activities Of Daily Living ◽

Daily Living ◽

Stroke Patients ◽

Intramuscular Adipose Tissue

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Functional outcomes following inpatient rehabilitation of guillain-barré syndrome patients: Intravenous immunoglobulins versus plasma exchange

Neurorehabilitation ◽

10.3233/nre-201640 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-9

Author(s):

Moshe Bondi ◽

Einat Engel-Haber ◽

Julie Wolff ◽

Liza Grosman-Rimon ◽

Ayala Bloch ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Activities Of Daily Living ◽

Plasma Exchange ◽

Functional Outcomes ◽

Daily Living ◽

Functional Independence ◽

Assessment Tools ◽

Guillain Barre Syndrome ◽

Disability Scale ◽

Guillain Barré Syndrome ◽

Guillain Barré

BACKGROUND: Treatment with either Intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg) or plasma exchange (PE) in patients with Guillain-Barré Syndrome (GBS) showed equivalent efficacy as attested by a commonly used disability scale. However, it has been suggested that this scale may not be sensitive enough to detect subtle functional changes between the two treatments since it mainly focuses on walking capability and respiratory function. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate functional outcomes following treatment with IVIg or PE using comprehensive scales that incorporate parameters of basic activities of daily living. METHODS: A retrospective cohort study was conducted between 2007 and 2013 in an inpatient neurologic rehabilitation department. The study group included 70 individuals with GBS: 39 were treated with PE and 31 with IVIg. A comparison of functional outcomes was performed using Functional Independence Measure (FIM), rehabilitation efficiency (REy), rehabilitation effectiveness (REs), and the GBS disability scale (GDS). RESULTS: Both treatments had a comparable effect on the various functional outcomes. Patients showed a significant increase in total FIM scores (30 points on average) during rehabilitation mainly as a result of an increase in motor sub-scores. A mean improvement of 1.23 (SD 0.9) in GDS was also observed. On average, individuals with GBS spent 20 days combined in the acute departments and 61 days in the rehabilitation department, with length of stay being similar for both treatments. CONCLUSIONS: IVIg and PE treatments have similar basic activities of daily living (ADL) functional outcomes. Nevertheless, due to the different mechanism of actions of these treatments and the multitude of GBS variants, it is possible that further comprehensive assessment tools may demonstrate differences in activity and participation of individuals with GBS.

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Compliance with Prescribed Adaptive Equipment: A Literature Review

British Journal of Occupational Therapy ◽

10.1177/030802260006300204 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 63 (2) ◽

pp. 65-75 ◽

Cited By ~ 43

Author(s):

Trish Wielandt ◽

Jenny Strong

Keyword(s):

Occupational Therapy ◽

Literature Review ◽

Activities Of Daily Living ◽

Daily Living ◽

Current Practice ◽

Functional Independence ◽

Under Five ◽

Functional Potential ◽

And Training

This article describes a literature review that examined the topic of the postdischarge compliance of individuals with prescribed adaptive equipment. Assisting individuals to accomplish tasks relevant to their activities of daily living and thereby achieve functional independence is central to the role of occupational therapy. The prescription of adaptive equipment is a frequently used intervention. The rationale for prescribing adaptive equipment is that it maximises a client's functional potential, allows for independence in activities of daily living and fosters confidence as a result of being able to accomplish such tasks. All studies that surveyed compliance with prescribed adaptive equipment between 1963 and 1996 were reviewed. The factors that reportedly affect compliance by individuals can be considered under five discrete categories: medical-related, client-related, equipment-related, assessment-related and training-related. On the basis of the findings of this literature review, recommendations are made for further research, specifically investigating methods that therapists could incorporate into current practice to address the problem of non-compliance with prescribed adaptive equipment.

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