scholarly journals Age of Acquisition, Ageing, and Verb Production: Normative and Experimental Data

2003 ◽  
Vol 56 (4) ◽  
pp. 1-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catriona M. Morrison ◽  
Katherine W. Hirsh ◽  
Geoffrey B. Duggan
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Multiple Regression ◽  
Word Frequency ◽  
Picture Naming ◽  
Significant Contribution ◽  
Lexical Processing ◽  
Age Of Acquisition ◽  
Naming Speed ◽  
Old Adults

Young and old adults were shown pictured or written verbs and asked to name them as quickly as possible. Simultaneous multiple regression was used to investigate which of a set of potential variables predicted naming speed. Age of acquisition was found to be an important predictor of naming speed in both young and old adults, and for both word and picture naming. Word frequency predicted picture-naming speed only in older adults and failed to make any significant contribution to word-naming speeds for either group of participants. The respective loci and roles of age of acquisition and frequency in lexical processing are discussed in the light of these findings.

Interpret with Caution: Multicollinearity in Multiple Regression of Cognitive Data

2003 ◽  
Vol 97 (1) ◽  
pp. 80-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catriona M. Morrison
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Regression ◽  
Picture Naming ◽  
Age Of Acquisition ◽  
Naming Speed ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Independent Variables ◽  
Highly Correlated ◽  
Cognitive Data

Shibihara and Kondo in 2002 reported a reanalysis of the 1997 Kanji picture-naming data of Yamazaki, Ellis, Morrison, and Lambon-Ralph in which independent variables were highly correlated. Their addition of the variable visual familiarity altered the previously reported pattern of results, indicating that visual familiarity, but not age of acquisition, was important in predicting Kanji naming speed. The present paper argues that caution should be taken when drawing conclusions from multiple regression analyses in which the independent variables are so highly correlated, as such multicollinearity can lead to unreliable output.

Picture-naming agreement in monolingulas and biliguals

1994 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 177-193 ◽  
Author(s):  
Judith P. Goggin ◽  
Patricia Estrada ◽  
Ronald P. Villarreal
Keyword(s):  
Word Frequency ◽  
Picture Naming ◽  
Word Length ◽  
Age Of Acquisition ◽  
Language Skill ◽  
Frequency Word ◽  
Line Drawings ◽  
Name Agreement ◽  
The Relationship

ABSTRACTName agreement in Spanish and English in response to 264 pictures was assessed in monolinguals and in bilinguals, who varied in rated skill in the two languages. Most of the pictures were adapted from a standardized set of line drawings of common objects (Snodgrass & Vanderwart, 1980). Name agreement decreased as language skill decreased, and agreement was lower when labels were given in Spanish rather than in English. The relationship between name agreement and word frequency, word length, and (in the case of English) age of acquisition was assessed; both word frequency and word length were found to be related to agreement. Modal responses given by monolingual subjects were nearly identical in the two languages, and the types of non-modal responses were affected by both naming language and language skill.

Quantitative and Qualitative Analysis of Verb Fluency Performance in Individuals With Probable Alzheimer's Disease and Healthy Older Adults

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Eun Jin Paek ◽  
Laura L. Murray
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Qualitative Analysis ◽  
Word Frequency ◽  
Mental State ◽  
Age Of Acquisition ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Healthy Older Adults ◽  
Cognitive Linguistic

Purpose To date, verb fluency tasks have been mainly analyzed quantitatively for individuals with dementia. Qualitative analysis, however, such as examining the semantic and psycholinguistic content of the responses might further inform researchers and clinicians about patients' cognitive and linguistic status. Therefore, the current study examined psycholinguistic and lexical characteristics of verb fluency responses in individuals with probable Alzheimer's disease (pAD) and healthy older adults to delineate qualitative and quantitative differences between the two groups. Method The verb fluency responses from participants with pAD (amnestic type) were compared to those from age- and education-matched healthy older adults. The responses were analyzed with respect to the number and proportion of correct responses, word frequency, age of acquisition, phoneme and syllable length, and neighborhood density. The verb responses were also categorized into mental state verbs and action verbs. Additionally, a battery of cognitive–linguistic tests was administered, and for each group, relationships between correct verb fluency responses and other cognitive–linguistic skills were investigated using correlation and regression analyses. Results Similar to previous findings regarding noun retrieval in dementia, the results revealed that individuals with pAD not only produced fewer correct verb fluency responses but also generated little to no mental state verbs compared to the control group. The group with pAD also produced verbs with shorter phoneme and syllable lengths, higher word frequency, and earlier age of acquisition ratings relative to the healthy older adults. The number of correct verb fluency responses was mainly predicted by a reading comprehension score in the pAD group and a nonverbal fluency test score in the healthy group. Conclusion The current quantitative and qualitative findings add support to the contention that lexical–semantic impairments underlie word retrieval problems in pAD and such difficulties present in generative naming paradigms and also across grammatical categories.

Age of Acquisition, Word Frequency, and the Locus of Repetition Priming of Picture Naming

2001 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 350-375 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher Barry ◽  
Katherine W. Hirsh ◽  
Robert A. Johnston ◽  
Catherine L. Williams
Keyword(s):  
Word Frequency ◽  
Repetition Priming ◽  
Picture Naming ◽  
Age Of Acquisition

Age of Acquisition and Word Frequency in Written Picture Naming

2001 ◽  
Vol 54 (2) ◽  
pp. 469-489 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick Bonin ◽  
Michel Fayol ◽  
Marylène Chalard
Keyword(s):  
Word Frequency ◽  
Picture Naming ◽  
Age Of Acquisition

Age of acquisition and speech production in L2

2003 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 117-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
KATHERINE W. HIRSH ◽  
CATRIONA M. MORRISON ◽  
SILVIA GASET ◽  
EVA CARNICER
Keyword(s):  
Speech Production ◽  
Picture Naming ◽  
Critical Period ◽  
Age Of Acquisition ◽  
Naming Speed ◽  
Large Set ◽  
Relative Order ◽  
Naming Performance ◽  
Late Bilinguals

We explored the role of age of acquisition in picture naming with a group of unbalanced, late bilinguals and a group of monolinguals. We hypothesised that we would find effects of L2 age of acquisition on L2 picture naming performance in late bilinguals if the age of acquisition effects we and others have found in L1 picture naming are not limited to language capabilities acquired early in the lifespan. In Experiment 1, late bilingual Spanish–English participants named a large set of pictures in their L2 (English). The most important predictor of naming ability was L2 age of acquisition. In Experiment 2, monolingual English participants named the same pictures. Naming speed was predicted by L1 age of acquisition. Hence speed of picture naming in a given language was predicted by age of acquisition values for that language, that is, L2 values predicted L2 performance (Experiment 1) and L1 values predicted L1 performance (Experiment 2). On the basis of these results we conclude that age of acquisition effects are not restricted to items learned before any putative critical period, but should be observed for items learned at any age. That is, age of acquisition effects are more likely to be due to the relative order in which items are acquired within a language.

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