Effects of microwave heating on the carbothermic reduction of steel plant mill scale using lignocellulosic biomass as the reducing agent

This paper deals with the possibility of obtaining FeSiAl complex alloy by carbothermic reduction in a submerged arc furnace using aluminum dross, mill scale and feldspar.Bench scale experiments are carried out to clarify the effect of different variants such as reducing agent, basicity, and mill scale content of the charge on the metallic yield and chemical composition of the produced alloy.It was possible to get FeSiAl alloy containing 22% Si and 18% Al. the results reveal that to obtain such alloy less than 20% mill scale must be involved in the charge and the coke with amount 1 stoichiometric must be used.

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Preparation of Reduced Iron Powders from Mill Scale with Microwave Heating: Optimization Using Response Surface Methodology

Metallurgical and Materials Transactions B ◽

10.1007/s11663-013-9872-2 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 44 (6) ◽

pp. 1478-1485 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Qianxu Ye ◽

Hongbo Zhu ◽

Jinhui Peng ◽

C. Srinivasa Kannan ◽

Jian Chen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Response Surface Methodology ◽

Response Surface ◽

Microwave Heating ◽

Mill Scale ◽

Iron Powders ◽

Heating Optimization

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Analysis of the Carbothermic Reduction of Iron Ore-Coke Composite Mixtures by Microwave Heating

Materials Research ◽

10.1590/1980-5373-mr-2021-0284 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 24 (6) ◽

Author(s):

Giulio Antunes de Medeiros ◽

Leonardo Martins da Silva ◽

Márcio Teodoro Fernandes ◽

Daniel Gomes de Souza dos Santos ◽

José Adilson de Castro

Keyword(s):

Microwave Heating ◽

Carbothermic Reduction ◽

Iron Ore ◽

Reduction Of Iron

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Carbon in Solidphase Reduction of Oxides

Materials Science Forum ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.870.578 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 870 ◽

pp. 578-583

Author(s):

A.V. Senin

Keyword(s):

Active Carbon ◽

Carbothermic Reduction ◽

Reducing Agent ◽

Experimental Results ◽

Surface Porosity ◽

Reduction Model ◽

Chromite Ore ◽

Reducing Conditions ◽

Grain Surface ◽

Reduction Of Oxides

The gasphase-solidphase model is used to explain the results of solid chromite ore carbothermic reduction. The reducing agent is carbon atoms. Carbon is brought to the surface of chromite grains by gaseous carbon-containing molecules and radicals, such as C3O2, CH4, CH3, CH2, CH, C2H2 and other carbon containing particles. Gas particles penetrate a piece of ore through the pores and cracks. Active carbon atoms C are formed by the dissociation of gaseous particles. Reduction by carbon is carried out on the chromite grain surface due to the cations and anions diffusion in the oxide lattice towards the grain surface. Porosity of chromite ores is experimentally defined under reducing conditions; it is estimated at up to 20 – 25 vol.%. Up to 1/4 of porosity is accounted for macropores and macrocracks that have the radius of over 50 microns, the remaining porosity share is accounted for the pore dimensions that are estimated at 0.5 – 50 microns in radius. The carbon presence in the pores of partially reduced ores is deduced based on experiment. There is also carbon in the reduced metal that is situated deep in the lump ore. The experimental results agree with the gasphase-solidphase reduction model.

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Thermal Analysis Study on the Carbothermic Reduction of Chromite Ore with the Addition of Mill Scale

steel research international ◽

10.1002/srin.201500131 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 87 (5) ◽

pp. 562-570 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Xianfeng Hu ◽

Qixing Yang ◽

Lena Sundqvist Ökvist ◽

Bo Björkman

Keyword(s):

Thermal Analysis ◽

Carbothermic Reduction ◽

Analysis Study ◽

Mill Scale ◽

Chromite Ore ◽

Thermal Analysis Study

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Shape-controlled synthesis of palladium nanocrystals by microwave irradiation

Pure and Applied Chemistry ◽

10.1351/pac-con-08-11-22 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 81 (12) ◽

pp. 2377-2385 ◽

Cited By ~ 37

Author(s):

Yanchun Yu ◽

Yanxi Zhao ◽

Tao Huang ◽

Hanfan Liu

Keyword(s):

Microwave Irradiation ◽

Microwave Heating ◽

Reducing Agent ◽

Tetraethylene Glycol ◽

Controlled Synthesis ◽

Shape Controlled

The controlled synthesis of Pd icosahedra in tetraethylene glycol (TEG) with H2PdCl4 as a precursor and poly(vinylpyrrolidone) (PVP) as a stabilizer in the presence of an appropriate amount of KOH under microwave irradiation was demonstrated. TEG served as both solvent and reducing agent, and stable Pd icosahedra with uniform sizes and well-defined shapes could be prepared in a yield of over 90 % by microwave heating for 60 s. The sizes of Pd icosahedra can be well controlled by adjusting the concentration of the precursor H2PdCl4.

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Mill Scale Addition to Reduce Hydrogen Sulfide Production in Anaerobic Digestion

Energies ◽

10.3390/en14206542 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (20) ◽

pp. 6542

Author(s):

Byung-Kyu Ahn ◽

Tae-Hoon Kim ◽

Jiyun Seon ◽

Seung-Kyun Park ◽

Yeo-Myeong Yun

Keyword(s):

Hydrogen Sulfide ◽

Anaerobic Digestion ◽

Oxygen Demand ◽

Reducing Agent ◽

Iron Chloride ◽

Batch Test ◽

H2s Removal ◽

Mill Scale ◽

Hydrogen Sulfide Production ◽

H2s Production

Direct addition of sulfur-reducing agents during anaerobic digestion (AD) is very effective in controlling hydrogen sulfide (H2S) content in biogas, although one major problem is the high operational cost due to the large amount of chemicals used. The objective of this study was to remove H2S using a waste mill scale (MS) as a sulfur-reducing agent. To evaluate its feasibility, MS was added to AD fed with food waste (FW) at concentrations between 0 and 160 g MS/kg total chemical oxygen demand (TCOD) during the batch test, and the experimental results were compared to those of the batch test with the addition of iron chloride (FeCl3). Both FeCl3 and MS played an important role as electro-conductive materials in improving methane productivity by promoting direct interspecies electron transfer. An increase in H2S removal efficiency was observed with increases in both materials. In total, 30%, 60%, and 90% of H2S production based on the maximum sulfur in the form of H2S (control) was 3.7, 9.4, and 23.8 g FeCl3/kg TCOD and 13.3, 34.1, and 86.2 g MS/kg TCOD, respectively. This finding indicates that MS can be used as a sulfur-reducing agent substitute for H2S removal in AD fed with FW.

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