Five years’ central pacific sea level from in situ array, satellite altimeter and numerical model: Research note

Different space-borne geodetic observation methods combined with in-situ measurements enable resolving the single-point vertical land motion (VLM) and/or the VLM of an area. Continuous Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) measurements can solely provide very precise VLM trends at specific sites. VLM area monitoring can be performed by Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) technology in combination with the GNSS in-situ data. In coastal zones, an effective VLM estimation at tide gauge sites can additionally be derived by comparing the relative sea-level trends computed from tide gauge measurements that are related to the land to which the tide gauges are attached, and absolute trends derived from the radar satellite altimeter data that are independent of the VLM. This study presents the conjoint analysis of VLM of the Dubrovnik area (Croatia) derived from the European Space Agency’s Sentinel-1 InSAR data available from 2014 onwards, continuous GNSS observations at Dubrovnik site obtained from 2000, and differences of the sea-level change obtained from all available satellite altimeter missions for the Dubrovnik area and tide gauge measurements in Dubrovnik from 1992 onwards. The computed VLM estimates for the overlapping period of three observation methods, i.e., from GNSS observations, sea-level differences, and Sentinel-1 InSAR data, are −1.93±0.38 mm/yr, −2.04±0.22 mm/yr, and −2.24±0.46 mm/yr, respectively.

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Estimation of the sea level trend south of Japan by combining satellite altimeter data with in situ hydrographic data

Journal of Geophysical Research Atmospheres ◽

10.1029/2008jc004796 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 113 (C9) ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Hiroshi Uchida ◽

Shiro Imawaki

Keyword(s):

Sea Level ◽

Altimeter Data ◽

Hydrographic Data ◽

Satellite Altimeter ◽

South Of Japan ◽

Sea Level Trend ◽

Satellite Altimeter Data

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Coastal response to the passage of tropical cyclone Juliette on the Central Pacific Coast of Mexico

Geofísica Internacional ◽

10.22201/igeof.00167169p.2021.60.4.2161 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 60 (4) ◽

pp. 357-366

Author(s):

Anatoliy Filonov ◽

Iryna Tereshchenko ◽

Lydia Ladah ◽

Cesar Monzon ◽

Jorge Montes-Arrechiga ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Water Column ◽

Sea Level ◽

Pacific Coast ◽

Meteorological Data ◽

Central Pacific ◽

Data Set ◽

Wind Speeds ◽

Level Data ◽

Before And After

In situ coastal oceanographic and meteorological data were collected on the Mexican Tropical Pacific coast near Barra de Navidad, Jalisco, Mexico during September 2001 from before and after the passing of Hurricane Juliette. When the leading and trailing edges of the hurricane passed through the study area, wind speeds reached 15 m s-1 and caused a significant deepening of the thermocline, mixing of the upper 40 m of the water column, and a rise in sea level of almost 50 cm at the coast, with effects lasting for about 5 days. A decrease in temperature and an increase in salinity occurred in the upper 20 m, with the opposite occurring below 20 m. Although analyses of open ocean responses to hurricanes are widely available from satellite data, in situ coastal water-column and sea-level data are difficult to acquire, yet crucial to inform coastal flooding models and risk assessment studies. This short data set provides a rare opportunity to explore in situ hurricane effects on this understudied coast.

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Global Sea Level Rise: A Decade of Multi-Satellite Altimeter Observations Versus 100 Years of In-Situ Observations

Space 2004 Conference and Exhibit ◽

10.2514/6.2004-5863 ◽

2004 ◽

Author(s):

Laury Miller ◽

R Scharroo

Keyword(s):

Sea Level Rise ◽

Sea Level ◽

Satellite Altimeter ◽

In Situ Observations ◽

Global Sea Level

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Effects of Infills in the Seismic Performance of an RC Factory Building in Pakistan

Buildings ◽

10.3390/buildings11070276 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (7) ◽

pp. 276

Author(s):

Nisar Ali Khan ◽

Giorgio Monti ◽

Camillo Nuti ◽

Marco Vailati

Keyword(s):

Numerical Model ◽

Construction Materials ◽

Building Codes ◽

Construction Technique ◽

Infill Walls ◽

Mortar Strength ◽

Materials Used ◽

Seismic Response Of Buildings

Infilled reinforced concrete (IRC) frames are a very common construction typology, not only in developing countries such as Pakistan but also in southern Europe and Western countries, due to their ease of construction and less technical skills required for the construction. Their performance during past earthquakes has been in some cases satisfactory and in other cases inadequate. Significant effort has been made among researchers to improve such performance, but few have highlighted the influence of construction materials used in the infill walls. In some building codes, infills are still considered as non-structural elements, both in the design of new buildings and, sometimes, in the assessment of existing buildings. This is mainly due to some difficulties in modeling their mechanical behavior and also the large variety of typologies, which are difficult to categorize. Some building codes, for example, Eurocode, already address the influence of infill walls in design, but there is still a lack of homogeneity among different codes. For example, the Pakistan building code (PBC) does not address infills, despite being a common construction technique in the country. Past earthquake survey records show that construction materials and infill types significantly affect the seismic response of buildings, thus highlighting the importance of investigating such parameters. This is the object of this work, where a numerical model for infill walls is introduced, which aims at predicting their failure mode, as a function of some essential parameters, such as the friction coefficient between mortar and brick surface and mortar strength, usually disregarded in previous models. A comprehensive case study is presented of a three-story IRC frame located in the city of Mirpur, Pakistan, hit by an earthquake of magnitude 5.9 on 24 September 2019. The results obtained from the numerical model show good agreement with the damage patterns observed in situ, thus highlighting the importance of correctly modeling the infill walls when seismically designing or assessing Pakistani buildings that make use of this technology.

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Evidence of High Sea Level during Isotope Stage 5c in Queensland, Australia

Quaternary Research ◽

10.1016/0033-5894(85)90086-9 ◽

1985 ◽

Vol 24 (1) ◽

pp. 103-114 ◽

Cited By ~ 19

Author(s):

J. W. Pickett ◽

C. H. Thompson ◽

R. A. Kelley ◽

D. Roman

Keyword(s):

Sea Level ◽

New South ◽

Good Condition ◽

Coastal Dunes ◽

Intertidal Sediments ◽

South Wales ◽

Eastern Australia ◽

Maximum Period ◽

High Dune

Thirty-nine species of scleractinian corals have been recovered from under a high dune on the western (mainland) side of North Stradbroke Island, eastern Australia. The corals are associated with thin intertidal sediments and their good condition implies burial in situ and preservation in a saturated zone. Most likely this occurred as the coast prograded and a large dune advanced into the littoral zone, burying intertidal sediments and coral. The species assemblage indicates a sheltered environment but one open to the ocean without wide fluctuations in salinity. Three species yielded a mean 230Th/234U age of 105,000 yr B.P. which is significantly younger than the nearest Pleistocene corals at Evans Head, New South Wales. The corals provide evidence of a sea stand near present sea level during isotope Stage 5c, which is considerably higher than previously suggested for this period. Their good condition implies that the overlying parabolic dune is of comparable age and formed during that high stand of sea level. Also, the isotope age provides a maximum period for the development of giant podzols in the podzol chronosequences on coastal dunes in southern Queensland.

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