Test-retest reliability of the Camberwell Assessment of Need (CAN)

BackgroundPeople with severe mental illness often have a complex mixture of clinical and social needs. The Camberwell Assessment of Need (CAN) is a new instrument which has been designed to provide a comprehensive assessment of these needs. There are two versions of the instrument: the clinical version has been designed to be used by staff to plan patients' care; whereas the research version is primarily a mental health service evaluation tool. The CAN has been designed to assist local authorities to fulfil their statutory obligations under the National Health Service and Community Care Act 1990 to assess needs for community services.MethodA draft version of the instrument was designed by the authors. Modifications were made following comments from mental health experts and a patient survey. Patients (n = 49) and staff (n = 60) were then interviewed, using the amended version, to assess the inter-rater and test-retest reliability of the instrument.ResultsThe mean number of needs identified per patient ranged from 7.55 to 8.64. Correlations of the inter-rater and test-retest reliability of the total number of needs identified by staff were 0.99 and 0.78 respectively. The percentage of complete agreement on individual items ranged from 100–81.6% (inter-rater) and 100–58.1% (test-retest).ConclusionsThe study suggests that the CAN is a valid and reliable instrument for assessing the needs of people with severe mental illness. It is easily learnt by staff from a range of professional backgrounds, and a complete assessment took, on average, around 25 minutes.

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Η στάθμιση της κλίμακας CAN στον ελληνικό πληθυσμό και η εκτίμηση των αναγκών των χρονίως και σοβαρά ψυχικά πασχόντων

10.12681/eadd/35521 ◽

2014 ◽

Author(s):

Πενταγιώτισσα Στεφανάτου

Keyword(s):

Concurrent Validity ◽

Interrater Reliability ◽

Retest Reliability ◽

Whodas 2.0 ◽

Camberwell Assessment Of Need ◽

Test Retest Reliability ◽

Assessment Of Need

Σκοπός της μελέτης η οποία διενεργήθηκε ήταν να ελέγξει τις ψυχομετρικές ιδιότητες της ελληνικής μετάφρασης του Camberwell Assessment of Need (CAN), ενός εργαλείου το οποίο κατασκευάστηκε προκειμένου να εκτιμά σε ατομικό επίπεδο τις σύνθετες κλινικές, κοινωνικές και βασικές ανθρώπινες ανάγκες ατόμων με σοβαρή ψυχική διαταραχή. Για τη διεξαγωγή της μελέτης χρησιμοποιήθηκε η ελληνική μετάφραση της ερευνητικής έκδοσης του εργαλείου: CAN–R 3.0. Επιμέρους στόχοι της μελέτης ήταν: 1) να ελεγχθεί η αξιοπιστία μεταξύ βαθμολογητών (interrater reliability) και η αξιοπιστία ελέγχου-επανελέγχου (test-retest reliability) του εργαλείου, 2) να ελεγχθεί η συγχρονική εγκυρότητα (concurrent validity) του εργαλείου με την χρήση ως εξωτερικών κριτηρίων εργαλείων υποκειμενικής εκτίμησης της ποιότητας ζωής και της αναπηρίας - συγκεκριμένα με την χρήση των κλιμάκων WHOQOL-BREF και WHODAS 2.0, 3) να διερευνηθούν οι σχέσεις μεταξύ των αναγκών, της ποιότητας ζωής, της αναπηρίας/λειτουργικότητας & της ψυχοπαθολογίας, 4) να εντοπιστούν οι πιθανές διαφορές του προφίλ των αναγκών έτσι όπως εκτιμάται αφενός από τους ίδιους τους ασθενείς και αφετέρου από τους επαγγελματίες υγείας. Χορηγήσαμε το CAN-R σε δυο διαφορετικά χρονικά διαστήματα, με απόσταση 15 ημερών, σε 53 πάσχοντες από σχιζοφρένεια όπως και στους επαγγελματίες υγείας/ πρόσωπα αναφοράς, των ασθενών αυτών. Επιπλέον, στους 53 ασθενείς του δείγματός μας χορηγήσαμε τις κλίμακες WHOQOL-BREF, WHODAS 2.0 και PANSS. Σύμφωνα με τα ευρήματα της μελέτης μας: 1) προέκυψε ότι η ελληνική μετάφραση του CAN διαθέτει εξαιρετική αξιοπιστία μεταξύ βαθμολογητών και αξιοπιστία ελέγχου-επανελέγχου, 2) τεκμηριώθηκε ισχυρότερα η συγχρονική εγκυρότητα του CAN-R γενικότερα, δηλαδή η εδραίωση της δεν περιορίζεται αποκλειστικά στην ελληνική μετάφραση του εργαλείου, 3) βρέθηκε ότι όσο αυξάνει ο αριθμός των αναγκών που δεν καλύπτονται τόσο υποβαθμίζεται η ποιότητα ζωής των ασθενών, 4) οι στατιστικά σημαντικές αρνητικές συσχετίσεις που προέκυψαν μεταξύ αναγκών και αναπηρίας όπως και μεταξύ αναγκών και ψυχοπαθολογίας παραπέμπουν σε μια πιθανή αιτιολογική σχέση μεταξύ των ανωτέρω δεικτών θεραπευτικού αποτελέσματος 5) βρέθηκε υψηλή συμφωνία μεταξύ προσωπικού και ασθενών ως προς την εκτίμηση των αναγκών των τελευταίων σε αντίθεση με τα ευρήματα των περισσοτέρων προηγούμενων μελετών, πιθανά εξαιτίας της σταθερότητας της θεραπευτικής σχέσης και της συχνής παρακολούθησης για το 65% των υποκειμένων του δείγματός μας.O έλεγχος των ψυχομετρικών ιδιοτήτων του CAN-R απέδειξε ότι η ελληνική μετάφραση του εργαλείου διαθέτει εξαιρετική αξιοπιστία και εγκυρότητα. Η χορήγηση του CAN θα επιτρέψει την διεξαγωγή αξιόπιστων και έγκυρων εκτιμήσεων των αναγκών στον ελληνικό χώρο σε ερευνητικό επίπεδο και σε κλινικό επίπεδο. Η παρούσα μελέτη αλλά και όσες ακολουθήσουν με τη χρήση του CAN-R αναμένεται να συμβάλλουν στην ενίσχυση του κινήματος για την ισότιμη συμμετοχή των χρηστών των υπηρεσιών στη λήψη αποφάσεων, από τον θεραπευτικό σχεδιασμό σε ατομικό επίπεδο ως την χάραξη της κοινωνικής πολιτικής στο χώρο της ψυχικής υγείας, με απώτερο στόχο την διασφάλιση της ποιότητας ζωής τους. .

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Need assessment in long-term psychiatric patients: Inter-rater reliability and test-retest reliability of the Danish version of the Camberwell Assessment of Need

Nordic Journal of Psychiatry ◽

10.1080/080394899427845 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 53 (5) ◽

pp. 371-376 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

L. Falgaard Nielsen

Keyword(s):

Psychiatric Patients ◽

Rater Reliability ◽

Retest Reliability ◽

Need Assessment ◽

Danish Version ◽

Camberwell Assessment Of Need ◽

Test Retest Reliability ◽

Assessment Of Need

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Reliability of the Camberwell Assessment of Need – European Version

The British Journal of Psychiatry ◽

10.1192/bjp.177.39.s34 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 177 (S39) ◽

pp. s34-s40 ◽

Cited By ~ 86

Author(s):

Paul McCrone ◽

Morven Leese ◽

Graham Thornicroft ◽

Aart H. Schene ◽

Helle Charlotte Knudsen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Interrater Reliability ◽

Unmet Needs ◽

Psychiatric Services ◽

Standard Errors ◽

Retest Reliability ◽

Reliability Estimates ◽

Camberwell Assessment Of Need ◽

Met Needs ◽

Test Retest Reliability ◽

Assessment Of Need

BackgroundThe five-country European Psychiatric Services: Inputs Linked to Outcome Domains and Needs (EPSILON) Study aimed to develop standardised and reliable outcome instruments for people with schizophrenia. This paper reports reliability findings for the Camberwell Assessment of Need – European Version (CAN-EU).MethodThe CAN – EU was administered in each country, at two points in time to assess test – retest reliability, and was rated by two interviewers at the first administration. Cronbach's α, test–retest reliability and interrater reliability were compared between the five sites. Reliability coefficients and standard errors of measurement for summary scores were estimated.ResultsSites varied in levels and spread of needs. Alphas were 0.48, 0.58 and 0.64 for total, met and unmet needs respectively. Test–retest reliability estimates, pooled over sites, were 0.85 for the total needs, 0.69 for met needs and 0.78 for unmet needs. Pooled estimates for interrater reliability were higher, at 0.94, 0.85 and 0.79 for total, met and unmet needs respectively. There were statistically significant differences in interrater reliability between sites.ConclusionThe results confirm the feasibility of using CAN–EU across sites in Europe and its psychometric adequacy.

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Camberwell Assessment of Need for the Elderly (CANE)

The British Journal of Psychiatry ◽

10.1192/bjp.176.5.444 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 176 (5) ◽

pp. 444-452 ◽

Cited By ~ 173

Author(s):

Tom Reynolds ◽

Graham Thornicroft ◽

Melanie Abas ◽

Bob Woods ◽

Juanita Hoe ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Interrater Reliability ◽

The Elderly ◽

Assessment Instrument ◽

Wide Range ◽

The Usa ◽

Camberwell Assessment Of Need ◽

The Uk ◽

Test Retest Reliability ◽

Very High ◽

Assessment Of Need

BackgroundThere exists no instrument specifically designed to measure comprehensively the needs of older people with mental disorders.AimTo develop such an instrument which would take account of patients', staff and carers' views on needs.MethodFollowing an extensive development process, the assessment instrument was subjected to a test–retest and interrater reliability study, while aspects of validity were addressed both during development and with data provided by sites in the UK, Sweden and the USA.ResultsThe Camberwell Assessment of Need for the Elderly (CANE) comprises 24 items (plus two items for carer needs), and records staff, carer and patient views. It has good content, construct and consensual validity. It also demonstrates appropriate criterion validity. Reliability is generally very high: κ > 0.85 for all staff ratings of interrater reliability. Correlations of interrater and test–retest reliability of total numbers of needs identified by staff were 0.99 and 0.93, respectively.ConclusionsThe psychometric properties of the CANE seem to be highly acceptable. It was easily used by a wide range of professionals without formal training.

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Measuring “Language Access Profiles” in Deaf and Hard-of-Hearing Children With the DHH Language Exposure Assessment Tool

Journal of Speech Language and Hearing Research ◽

10.1044/2020_jslhr-20-00439 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 1-25

Author(s):

Matthew L. Hall ◽

Stephanie De Anda

Keyword(s):

Cluster Analysis ◽

Exposure Assessment ◽

Hard Of Hearing ◽

Assessment Tool ◽

Communication Mode ◽

Developmental Potential ◽

Language Access ◽

Retest Reliability ◽

Language Exposure ◽

Test Retest Reliability

Purpose The purposes of this study were (a) to introduce “language access profiles” as a viable alternative construct to “communication mode” for describing experience with language input during early childhood for deaf and hard-of-hearing (DHH) children; (b) to describe the development of a new tool for measuring DHH children's language access profiles during infancy and toddlerhood; and (c) to evaluate the novelty, reliability, and validity of this tool. Method We adapted an existing retrospective parent report measure of early language experience (the Language Exposure Assessment Tool) to make it suitable for use with DHH populations. We administered the adapted instrument (DHH Language Exposure Assessment Tool [D-LEAT]) to the caregivers of 105 DHH children aged 12 years and younger. To measure convergent validity, we also administered another novel instrument: the Language Access Profile Tool. To measure test–retest reliability, half of the participants were interviewed again after 1 month. We identified groups of children with similar language access profiles by using hierarchical cluster analysis. Results The D-LEAT revealed DHH children's diverse experiences with access to language during infancy and toddlerhood. Cluster analysis groupings were markedly different from those derived from more traditional grouping rules (e.g., communication modes). Test–retest reliability was good, especially for the same-interviewer condition. Content, convergent, and face validity were strong. Conclusions To optimize DHH children's developmental potential, stakeholders who work at the individual and population levels would benefit from replacing communication mode with language access profiles. The D-LEAT is the first tool that aims to measure this novel construct. Despite limitations that future work aims to address, the present results demonstrate that the D-LEAT represents progress over the status quo.

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Visual-Neural Correlate of Speechreading Ability in Normal-Hearing Adults

Journal of Speech Language and Hearing Research ◽

10.1044/jshr.2504.521 ◽

1982 ◽

Vol 25 (4) ◽

pp. 521-527 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

David C. Shepherd

Keyword(s):

Normal Hearing ◽

Wave Form ◽

Firing Time ◽

Neural Firing ◽

Neural Correlate ◽

Retest Reliability ◽

Repeated Word ◽

Negative Peak ◽

The Stability ◽

Test Retest Reliability

In 1977, Shepherd and colleagues reported significant correlations (–.90, –.91) between speechreading scores and the latency of a selected negative peak (VN 130 measure) on the averaged visual electroencephalic wave form. The primary purpose of this current study was to examine the stability, or repeatability, of this relation between these cognitive and neurophysiologic measures over a period of several months and thus support its test-retest reliability. Repeated speechreading word and sentence scores were gathered during three test-retest sessions from each of 20 normal-hearing adults. An average of 56 days occurred from the end of one to the beginning of another speechreading sessions. During each of four other test-retest sessions, averaged visual electroencephalic responses (AVER s ) were evoked from each subject. An average of 49 clays intervened between AVER sessions. Product-moment correlations computed among repeated word scores and VN l30 measures ranged from –.61 to –.89. Based on these findings, it was concluded that the VN l30 measure of visual neural firing time is a reliable correlate of speech-reading in normal-hearing adults.

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Test-Retest Reliability of a Self-Report Questionnaire for DSM-IV and ICD-10 Personality Disorders

European Journal of Psychological Assessment ◽

10.1027//1015-5759.16.1.53 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 16 (1) ◽

pp. 53-58 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Hans Ottosson ◽

Martin Grann ◽

Gunnar Kullgren

Keyword(s):

Personality Disorder ◽

Anxiety Disorders ◽

Personality Disorders ◽

Clinical Sample ◽

Self Report ◽

Anxiety State ◽

Short Term ◽

Retest Reliability ◽

Axis I ◽

Test Retest Reliability

Summary: Short-term stability or test-retest reliability of self-reported personality traits is likely to be biased if the respondent is affected by a depressive or anxiety state. However, in some studies, DSM-oriented self-reported instruments have proved to be reasonably stable in the short term, regardless of co-occurring depressive or anxiety disorders. In the present study, we examined the short-term test-retest reliability of a new self-report questionnaire for personality disorder diagnosis (DIP-Q) on a clinical sample of 30 individuals, having either a depressive, an anxiety, or no axis-I disorder. Test-retest scorings from subjects with depressive disorders were mostly unstable, with a significant change in fulfilled criteria between entry and retest for three out of ten personality disorders: borderline, avoidant and obsessive-compulsive personality disorder. Scorings from subjects with anxiety disorders were unstable only for cluster C and dependent personality disorder items. In the absence of co-morbid depressive or anxiety disorders, mean dimensional scores of DIP-Q showed no significant differences between entry and retest. Overall, the effect from state on trait scorings was moderate, and it is concluded that test-retest reliability for DIP-Q is acceptable.

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