Visual-Neural Correlate of Speechreading Ability in Normal-Hearing Adults

In 1977, Shepherd and colleagues reported significant correlations (–.90, –.91) between speechreading scores and the latency of a selected negative peak (VN 130 measure) on the averaged visual electroencephalic wave form. The primary purpose of this current study was to examine the stability, or repeatability, of this relation between these cognitive and neurophysiologic measures over a period of several months and thus support its test-retest reliability. Repeated speechreading word and sentence scores were gathered during three test-retest sessions from each of 20 normal-hearing adults. An average of 56 days occurred from the end of one to the beginning of another speechreading sessions. During each of four other test-retest sessions, averaged visual electroencephalic responses (AVER s ) were evoked from each subject. An average of 49 clays intervened between AVER sessions. Product-moment correlations computed among repeated word scores and VN l30 measures ranged from –.61 to –.89. Based on these findings, it was concluded that the VN l30 measure of visual neural firing time is a reliable correlate of speech-reading in normal-hearing adults.

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Visual-Neural Correlate of Speechreading Ability in Normal-Hearing Adults

Journal of Speech and Hearing Research ◽

10.1044/jshr.2004.752 ◽

1977 ◽

Vol 20 (4) ◽

pp. 752-765 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

David C. Shepherd ◽

Robin W. DeLavergne ◽

Frank X. Frueh ◽

Carol Clobridge

Keyword(s):

Normal Hearing ◽

Stimulus Onset ◽

Formal Training ◽

Firing Time ◽

Normal Vision ◽

Neural Firing ◽

Neural Correlate ◽

Negative Peak ◽

The Right ◽

Normal Adults

Significant product-moment correlations ranging from −0.90 to −0.91 were computed between a selected peak-latency in average visual electroencephalic responses and speechreading scores. Subjects were 20 adults with normal hearing and assumed normal vision who had had no formal training in the speechreading process. The negative peak selected as this study’s measure of visual-neural firing time occurs at an average of 130 msec from stimulus-onset in average visual electroencephalic responses evoked from either the right or left side of the head of normal adults. Speechreading measures included word and sentence scores obtained using a videotape of a female speaker presenting the 31 sentences that appear in the Utley Sentence Test of Lipreading Ability, Form B.

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Validation of the Beliefs of Physical Activity among Clergy (B-PAC) Instrument

American Journal of Health Studies ◽

10.47779/ajhs.2017.91 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 32 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Shannon Gwin ◽

Paul Branscum ◽

E. Laurette Taylor

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Factor Analysis ◽

Construct Validity ◽

Psychometric Properties ◽

Internal Consistency ◽

Internal Consistency Reliability ◽

Retest Reliability ◽

Reliable Instrument ◽

The Stability ◽

Test Retest Reliability

The purpose of this study was to create a valid and reliable instrument to evaluate theory-basedbeliefs towards physical activity among clergy members. Data were collected from 174 clergy that par-ticipated in a 15-item online and paper-based survey. Psychometric properties of the instrument includedconfirmatory factor analysis (construct validity), and cronbach’s alpha (internal consistency reliability).In addition, the stability (test-retest reliability) of each subscale was evaluated with a sub-sample of 30participants. Results show the instrument was both valid and reliable, and will be useful in future studiestargeting this population. Future implications are discussed.

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Test-Retest Reliability is not a Measure of Reliability or Stability: A Friendly Reminder

10.31234/osf.io/mt49r ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Lukas Röseler ◽

Daniel Wolf ◽

Johannes Leder ◽

Astrid Schütz

Keyword(s):

Confidence Intervals ◽

Simulation Study ◽

Repeated Measurement ◽

Reliability Coefficient ◽

Diagnostic Instrument ◽

Retest Reliability ◽

Cronbach's Alpha ◽

Correction For Attenuation ◽

The Stability ◽

Test Retest Reliability

We argue that the test-retest reliability coefficient, which is the correlation between a measurement and a repeated measurement using the same diagnostic instrument in the same sample (sometimes referred to as repeatability or falsely referred to as stability), is by itself not an appropriate measure of the reliability of the diagnostic instrument or of the stability of the construct in question. In combination with an actual coefficient of reliability such as Cronbach’s alpha, the test-retest reliability coefficient can be used to estimate and compare the stabilities of constructs using a procedure based on the correction for attenuation. However, results from a simulation study showed that classically constructed confidence intervals for the estimator exhibit under-coverage and thus cannot be interpreted correctly.

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Short-Term Test–Retest Reliability of Contralateral Suppression of Click-Evoked Otoacoustic Emissions in Normal-Hearing Subjects

Journal of Speech Language and Hearing Research ◽

10.1044/2020_jslhr-20-00393 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-11

Author(s):

Hannah Keppler ◽

Sofie Degeest ◽

Bart Vinck

Keyword(s):

Repeated Measures ◽

Otoacoustic Emissions ◽

Otoacoustic Emission ◽

Normal Hearing ◽

Short Term ◽

Retest Reliability ◽

Reliability Parameters ◽

Contralateral Suppression ◽

Short Term Test ◽

Test Retest Reliability

Purpose The objective of the current study was to investigate the short-term test–retest reliability of contralateral suppression (CS) of click-evoked otoacoustic emissions (CEOAEs) using commercially available otoacoustic emission equipment. Method Twenty-three young normal-hearing subjects were tested. An otoscopic evaluation, admittance measures, pure-tone audiometry, measurements of CEOAEs without and with contralateral acoustic stimulation (CAS) to determine CS were performed at baseline ( n = 23), an immediate retest without and with refitting of the probe (only CS of CEOAEs; n = 11), and a retest after 1 week ( n = 23) were performed. Test–retest reliability parameters were determined on CEOAE response amplitudes without and with CAS, and on raw and normalized CS indices between baseline and the other test moments. Results Repeated-measures analysis of variance indicated no random or systematic changes in CEOAE response amplitudes without and with CAS, and in raw and normalized CS indices between the test moments. Moderate-to-high intraclass correlation coefficients with mostly high significant between-subjects variability between baseline and each consecutive test moment were found for CEOAE response amplitude without and with CAS, and for the raw and normalized CS indices. Other reliability parameters deteriorated between CEOAE response amplitudes with CAS as compared to without CAS, between baseline and retest with probe refitting, and after 1 week, as well as for frequency-specific raw and normalized CS indices as compared to global CS indices. Conclusions There was considerable variability in raw and normalized CS indices as measured using CEOAEs with CAS using commercially available otoacoustic emission equipment. More research is needed to optimize the measurement of CS of CEOAEs and to reduce influencing factors, as well as to make generalization of test–retest reliability data possible.

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Test-Retest Reliability and Practice Effects of the Stability Evaluation Test

Journal of Sport Rehabilitation ◽

10.1123/jsr.2016-0163 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 26 (3) ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Richelle M. Williams ◽

Matthew A. Corvo ◽

Kenneth C. Lam ◽

Travis A. Williams ◽

Lesley K. Gilmer ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Postural Control ◽

Repeated Measures ◽

Healthy Adults ◽

Composite Score ◽

Practice Effects ◽

Stability Evaluation ◽

Retest Reliability ◽

Evaluation Test ◽

The Stability ◽

Test Retest Reliability

Context: Postural control plays an essential role in concussion evaluation. The Stability Evaluation Test (SET) aims to objectively analyze postural control by measuring sway velocity on the NeuroCom VSR portable force platform (Natus, San Carlos, CA). Objective: To assess the test-retest reliability and practice effects of the SET protocol. Design: Cohort. Setting: Research laboratory. Patients or Other Participants: 50 healthy adults (20 men, 30 women, age 25.30 ± 3.60 y, height 166.60± 12.80 cm, mass 68.80 ± 13.90 kg). Interventions: All participants completed 4 trials of the SET. Each trial consisted of six 20-s balance tests with eyes closed, under the following conditions: double-leg firm (DFi), single-leg firm (SFi), tandem firm (TFi), double-leg foam (DFo), single-leg foam (SFo), and tandem foam (TFo). Each trial was separated by a 5-min seated rest period. Main Outcome Measures: The dependent variable was sway velocity (deg/s), with lower values indicating better balance. Sway velocity was recorded for each of the 6 conditions as well as a composite score for each trial. Test-retest reliability was analyzed across 4 trials with intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs). Practice effects analyzed with repeated measures analysis of variance, followed by Tukey post hoc comparisons for any significant main effects (P < .05). Results: Sway-velocity reliability values were good to excellent: DFi (ICC = .88; 95%CI: .81, .92), SFi (ICC = .75; 95%CI: .61, .85), TFi (ICC = .84; 95%CI: .75, .90), DFo (ICC = .83; 95%CI: .74, .90), SFo (ICC = .82; 95%CI: .72, .89), TFo (ICC = .81; 95%CI: .69, .88), and composite score (ICC = .93; 95%CI: .88, .95). Significant practice effects (P < .05) were noted on the SFi, DFo, SFo, TFo conditions and composite scores. Conclusions: Our results suggest the SET has good to excellent reliability for the assessment of postural control in healthy adults. Due to the practice effects noted, a familiarization session is recommended (ie, all 6 conditions) before data are recorded. Future studies should evaluate injured patients to determine meaningful change scores during various injuries.

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Validity, Internal Consistency, and Test/Retest Reliability of a Localization Disabilities and Handicaps Questionnaire

Journal of the American Academy of Audiology ◽

10.3766/jaaa.16.8.7 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 16 (08) ◽

pp. 585-595 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Melissa N. Ruscetta ◽

Catherine V. Palmer ◽

John D. Durrant ◽

Judith Grayhack ◽

Carey Ryan

Keyword(s):

Construct Validity ◽

Hearing Impairment ◽

Internal Consistency ◽

Normal Hearing ◽

The Self ◽

Cronbach’S Alpha ◽

Retest Reliability ◽

Cronbach's Alpha ◽

Test Retest Reliability

Psychometric evaluations were performed on a self-perceived localization disabilities and handicaps questionnaire. Twenty individuals with normal hearing bilaterally, twenty with profound unilateral hearing impairment (UHI), and ten with any degree of bilateral hearing impairment participated. Each subject completed the questionnaire. Comparisons of the responses of the subjects with normal hearing and those with UHI revealed significant differences among the groups for both disabilities and handicaps, establishing construct validity. Cronbach's Alpha correlational analyses of the responses of all subjects with hearing impairment revealed correlations of .900 (disabilities) and .800 (handicaps), establishing internal consistency. Each participant with hearing impairment was asked to complete the questionnaire again after three weeks. Pearson's correlational analyses of the responses at time one versus time two revealed correlations of .900 (disabilities) and .700 (handicaps), establishing test/retest reliability. This questionnaire is an appropriate tool for investigating the self-perceived localization disabilities and handicaps of individuals with hearing impairment.

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Long-term Test-Retest Reliability of Category Loudness Scaling in Normal-Hearing Subjects Using Pure-tone Stimuli

Scandinavian Audiology ◽

10.1080/010503998422665 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 27 (3) ◽

pp. 161-167 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Arne N. Rasmussen ◽

Steen Ø. Olsen ◽

Britt V. Borgkvist ◽

Lars H. Nielsen

Keyword(s):

Pure Tone ◽

Normal Hearing ◽

Retest Reliability ◽

Loudness Scaling ◽

Test Retest Reliability

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Wais Test-Retest Reliability for a Clinical Out-Patient Sample

Perceptual and Motor Skills ◽

10.2466/pms.1979.48.1.131 ◽

1979 ◽

Vol 48 (1) ◽

pp. 131-137 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Edwin E. Wagner ◽

Marilyn S. Caldwell

Keyword(s):

Personality Disorder ◽

Test Scores ◽

Full Scale ◽

Verbal Iq ◽

Retest Reliability ◽

Patient Sample ◽

The Stability ◽

Test Retest Reliability

WAIS test-retest reliabilities were calculated for a clinical out-patient sample with testing intervals varying from 1 to 10 yr. There was no relationship between test-retest interval and the stability of test scores and the correlations between IQs were quite satisfactory (Full Scale IQ = .897, Verbal IQ = .906, Performance IQ = .876). Reliabilities remained high even when the sample was divided by diagnosis into organic, neurotic, personality disorder, and schizophrenic subgroups.

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Measuring Food-Related Attentional Bias

Frontiers in Psychology ◽

10.3389/fpsyg.2021.629115 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 ◽

Author(s):

Stefania Franja ◽

Anna E. McCrae ◽

Tina Jahnel ◽

Ashley N. Gearhardt ◽

Stuart G. Ferguson

Keyword(s):

Reaction Time ◽

Attentional Bias ◽

Reaction Times ◽

Test Reliability ◽

Future Research ◽

Retest Reliability ◽

Probe Task ◽

Visual Probe ◽

The Stability ◽

Test Retest Reliability

Objective: Food-related attentional bias has been defined as the tendency to give preferential attention to food-related stimuli. Attentional bias is of interest as studies have found that increased attentional bias is associated with obesity; others, however, have not. A possible reason for mixed results may be that there is no agreed upon measure of attentional bias: studies differ in both measurement and scoring of attentional bias. Additionally, little is known about the stability of attentional bias over time. The present study aims to compare attentional bias measures generated from commonly used attentional bias tasks and scoring protocols, and to test re-test reliability.Methods: As part of a larger study, 69 participants (67% female) completed two food-related visual probe tasks at baseline: lexical (words as stimuli), and pictorial (pictures as stimuli). Reaction time bias scores (attentional bias scores) for each task were calculated in three different ways: by subtracting the reaction times for the trials where probes replaced (1) neutral stimuli from the trials where the probes replaced all food stimuli, (2) neutral stimuli from the trials where probes replaced high caloric food stimuli, and (3) neutral stimuli from low caloric food stimuli. This resulted in three separate attentional bias scores for each task. These reaction time results were then correlated. The pictorial visual probe task was administered a second time 14-days later to assess test-retest reliability.Results: Regardless of the scoring use, lexical attentional bias scores were minimal, suggesting minimal attentional bias. Pictorial task attentional bias scores were larger, suggesting greater attentional bias. The correlation between the various scores was relatively small (r = 0.13–0.20). Similarly, test-retest reliability for the pictorial task was poor regardless of how the test was scored (r = 0.20–0.41).Conclusion: These results suggest that at least some of the variation in findings across attentional bias studies could be due to differences in the way that attentional bias is measured. Future research may benefit from either combining eye-tracking measurements in addition to reaction times.

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