scholarly journals Influence of mechanical weeding and fertilisation on perennial weeds, fungal diseases, soil structure and crop yield in organic spring cereals

2020 ◽  
Vol 70 (4) ◽  
pp. 318-332 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lars Olav Brandsæter ◽  
Kjell Mangerud ◽  
Lars Andersson ◽  
Trond Børresen ◽  
Guro Brodal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crop Yield ◽  
Soil Structure ◽  
Fungal Diseases ◽  
Perennial Weeds ◽  
Spring Cereals

scholarly journals Effects of disk tillage on soil condition, crop yield and weed infestation

2011 ◽  
Vol 48 (No. 1) ◽  
pp. 20-26
Author(s):  
M. Birkás ◽  
T. Szalai ◽  
C. Gyuricza ◽  
M. Gecse ◽  
K. Bordás
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Crop Yield ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Soil Layer ◽  
Soil Condition ◽  
Perennial Weeds ◽  
Weed Infestation ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Different Levels

This research was instigated by the fact that during the last decade annually repeated shallow disk tillage on the same field became frequent practice in Hungary. In order to study the changes of soil condition associated with disk tillage and to assess it is consequences, long-term tillage field experiments with different levels of nutrients were set up in 1991 (A) and in 1994 (B) on Chromic Luvisol at Gödöllö. The effects of disk tillage (D) and disk tillage combined with loosening (LD) on soil condition, on yield of maize and winter wheat, and on weed infestation were examined. The evaluation of soil condition measured by cone index and bulk density indicated that use of disking annually resulted in a dense soil layer below the disking depth (diskpan-compaction). It was found, that soil condition deteriorated by diskpan-compaction decreased the yield of maize significantly by 20 and 42% (w/w), and that of wheat by 13 and 15% (w/w) when compared to soils with no diskpan-compaction. Averaged over seven years, and three fertilizer levels, the cover % of the total, grass and perennial weeds on loosened soils were 73, 69 and 65% of soils contained diskpan-compaction.

Integrating the impact of wheat fungal diseases in the Belgian crop yield forecasting system (B-CYFS)

2012 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
pp. 8-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Moussa EL Jarroudi ◽  
Louis Kouadio ◽  
Martin Bertrand ◽  
Yannick Curnel ◽  
Frédéric Giraud ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crop Yield ◽  
Fungal Diseases ◽  
Forecasting System ◽  
Yield Forecasting ◽  
Crop Yield Forecasting ◽  
The Impact

REDUCTION OF SECONDARY TILLAGE IN MOULDBOARD-PLOUGHED SYSTEMS FOR SILAGE CORN AND SPRING CEREALS IN MEDIUM-TEXTURED SOILS

1990 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. R. CARTER ◽  
R. P. WHITE ◽  
R. G. ANDREW
Keyword(s):  
Soil Properties ◽  
Crop Yield ◽  
Prince Edward Island ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Soil Depth ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Slight Reduction ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Spring Cereals

Minimum tillage for soils that require regular cultivation consists of reducing the degree of secondary tillage and number of passes over the field. This study was conducted to determine whether one-pass mouldboard-ploughed systems were suitable for production of silage corn (Zea mays L.) and spring cereals (Hordeum vulgare L., Triticum aestivum L.) on loam to sandy loam soils (Humo-Ferric Podzol and Gray Luvisol) in the perhumid soil climate of Prince Edward Island. The effects of reduction in secondary tillage were gauged by characterizing crop yield and nutrient content, soil properties and structure, and relative economics. Plant growth, crop yield, and nutrient content were similar in all the mouldboard-ploughed systems. Soil chemical properties were not affected by reduction in secondary tillage, but the one-pass plough system did result in a macro-aggregate distribution with a greater proportion of large soil aggregates (9.5–16 mm) and a slight reduction in soil strength over the 10- to 25-cm soil depth. Macroporosity and soil density in the top 8 cm of soil were similar between tillage systems. Reducing both the degree of secondary tillage and number of tillage operations decreased both estimated cultivation costs and time of tillage per hectare by 26 and 39%, respectively. One-pass mouldboard-ploughed systems appear suitable for annual crop production on medium-textured soils under the soil environment of Prince Edward Island. Key words: One-pass tillage, soil properties, crop growth

scholarly journals The Programmed Approach™ to pasture renewal and cropping

2009 ◽  
pp. 89-92
Author(s):  
P.M.S. Lane ◽  
P.J. Addison ◽  
M.J. Van Plateringen
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Crop Yield ◽  
Renewal Process ◽  
Perennial Weeds ◽  
Wide Range

Including forage cropping as part of the pasture renewal process can be beneficial; however, too often farmers achieve unsatisfactory results in terms of both crop yield and the re-establishment of new perennial pasture. To be successful with this approach the farmer needs to have a wide range of information on pest and weed control and cropping techniques. Keywords: pasture renewal, cropping, glyphosate, perennial weeds, endophyte, clover establishment

Effects of Rotational Tillage on Tilth Soil Structure and Crop Yield and Quality in Maize-Wheat Cropping System

2015 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 468 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liang-Peng NIE ◽  
Li-Wei GUO ◽  
Hai-Yan NIU ◽  
Jie WEI ◽  
Zeng-Jia LI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crop Yield ◽  
Soil Structure ◽  
Cropping System ◽  
Yield And Quality

scholarly journals Control of perennial weeds in spring cereals through stubble cultivation and mouldboard ploughing during autumn or spring

2017 ◽  
Vol 98 ◽  
pp. 16-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
L.O. Brandsæter ◽  
K. Mangerud ◽  
M. Helgheim ◽  
T.W. Berge
Keyword(s):  
Perennial Weeds ◽  
Spring Cereals

scholarly journals Weed survey of spring cereals in New Brunswick

2005 ◽  
Vol 75 (3) ◽  
pp. 113-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.G. Thomas ◽  
D.J. Doohan ◽  
K.V. McCully
Keyword(s):  
New Brunswick ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Abundant Species ◽  
Stellaria Media ◽  
Perennial Weeds ◽  
Spring Cereals ◽  
Cereal Fields ◽  
Chrysanthemum Leucanthemum ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Weed Survey

During 1986 and 1987, a weed survey of 187 New Brunswick cereal fields was conducted. A total of 76 species were identified of which 40 were considered agronomically important. About 50% of the species were perennial. Hemp-nettle (Galeopsis tetrahit), quack grass (Agropyron repens), sheep sorrel (Rumex acetosella), ox-eye daisy (Chrysanthemum leucanthemum), corn spurry (Spergula arvensis), and chickweed (Stellaria média) had the highest relative abundance values. Quack grass and hemp-nettle had the highest densities at 8.0 and 7.1 plants m-2, respectively. The highest weed density (103 plants m-2) was found in oats (Avena sativa) grown after a forage crop. The lowest density (24 plants m-2) was found in wheat (Triticum aestivum) grown after potatoes (Solarium tuberosum). Most of the abundant species were tolerant to MCPA, the most commonly used herbicide. Farmers could make major improvements in cereal weed control by choosing a herbicide that would control species tolerant to MCPA or 2,4-D, and using preplant or postharvest weed control to minimize the impact of perennial weeds.

scholarly journals Long-term rotation and tillage effects on soil structure and crop yield

2013 ◽  
Vol 127 ◽  
pp. 85-91 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lars J. Munkholm ◽  
Richard J. Heck ◽  
Bill Deen
Keyword(s):  
Crop Yield ◽  
Soil Structure

scholarly journals New seedless table grape variety ‘Albina’ of the Institute Magarach breeding

2021 ◽  
pp. 238-241
Author(s):  
В.А. Волынкин ◽  
Н.Л. Студенникова ◽  
З.В. Котоловець ◽  
Н.П. Олейников
Keyword(s):  
Crop Yield ◽  
Preventive Treatment ◽  
Table Grape ◽  
Fungal Diseases ◽  
Grape Variety ◽  
Cross Combination ◽  
Training Technique ◽  
Economic Parameters ◽  
Production Period

Селекционерами Института «Магарач» создан новый бессемянный сорт винограда столового направления использования Альбина. Элитная форма, оформленная как новый сорт винограда, выделена из популяции сеянцев комбинации скрещивания Мускат Джим × Ромулус в 1996 году. В статье представлены основные ампелографические и биолого-хозяйственные параметры, которыми характеризуется новый перспективный сорт: средний срок созревания (25.08), продукционный период - 132 дня. Рекомендуемая форма куста - кордон на среднем штамбе. Нагрузка 6 глазков на рожке (4 рожка). Схема посадки - 3 х 1,5 м. Профилактические обработки против грибных болезней - 3-4 раза за сезон. Содержание в ягодах при технологической зрелости: сахаров - 20,3 г/100см, титруемых кислот - 6,3 г/дм. Урожай рекомендуется использовать для потребления в свежем виде. Дегустационная оценка свежего винограда - 8,47 балла. Selection breeders of the Institute Magarach have created a new seedless table grape variety ‘Albina’. The elite form, registered as a new grape variety, was isolated in 1996 from seedling population of the ‘Muscat Jim × Romulus’ cross combination. The article presents main ampelographic, biological and economic parameters typical for new promising cultivar: mid-ripening date (25.08), production period - 132 days. The recommended bush training technique is a medium trunk cordon. Loading is 6 eyes on a cane (4 canes). Planting scheme is 3 x 1.5 m. Preventive treatment against fungal diseases - 3-4 times per season. The content of sugars in technologically ripe berries is 20.3g/100cm, of titratable acids - 6.3g/dm. The crop yield is recommended for fresh consumption. Tasting evaluation of fresh grapes is 8.47 points.

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