scholarly journals Weed survey of spring cereals in New Brunswick

2005 ◽  
Vol 75 (3) ◽  
pp. 113-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.G. Thomas ◽  
D.J. Doohan ◽  
K.V. McCully
Keyword(s):  
New Brunswick ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Abundant Species ◽  
Stellaria Media ◽  
Perennial Weeds ◽  
Spring Cereals ◽  
Cereal Fields ◽  
Chrysanthemum Leucanthemum ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Weed Survey

During 1986 and 1987, a weed survey of 187 New Brunswick cereal fields was conducted. A total of 76 species were identified of which 40 were considered agronomically important. About 50% of the species were perennial. Hemp-nettle (Galeopsis tetrahit), quack grass (Agropyron repens), sheep sorrel (Rumex acetosella), ox-eye daisy (Chrysanthemum leucanthemum), corn spurry (Spergula arvensis), and chickweed (Stellaria média) had the highest relative abundance values. Quack grass and hemp-nettle had the highest densities at 8.0 and 7.1 plants m-2, respectively. The highest weed density (103 plants m-2) was found in oats (Avena sativa) grown after a forage crop. The lowest density (24 plants m-2) was found in wheat (Triticum aestivum) grown after potatoes (Solarium tuberosum). Most of the abundant species were tolerant to MCPA, the most commonly used herbicide. Farmers could make major improvements in cereal weed control by choosing a herbicide that would control species tolerant to MCPA or 2,4-D, and using preplant or postharvest weed control to minimize the impact of perennial weeds.

Effect of fire regime on the grass community of the humid savanna of Lamto, Ivory Coast

2018 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kouamé Fulgence Koffi ◽  
Aya Brigitte N’Dri ◽  
Jean-Christophe Lata ◽  
Souleymane Konaté ◽  
Tharaniya Srikanthasamy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Relative Abundance ◽  
Ivory Coast ◽  
Fire Regime ◽  
Fire Regimes ◽  
Abundant Species ◽  
Grass Species ◽  
The Third ◽  
Humid Savanna ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Tussock Grasses

AbstractThis study assesses the impact of four fire treatments applied yearly over 3 y, i.e. early fire, mid-season fire, late fire and no fire treatments, on the grass communities of Lamto savanna, Ivory Coast. We describe communities of perennial tussock grasses on three replicated 5 × 5-m or 10 × 5-m plots of each fire treatment. Tussock density did not vary with fire treatment. The relative abundance of grass species, the circumference of grass tussocks and the probability of having a tussock with a central die-back, varied with fire treatment. Mid-season fire had the highest proportion of tussocks with a central die-back while the late fire had the smallest tussocks. Tussock density, circumference, relative abundance and probability of having a central die-back varied with species. Andropogon canaliculatus and Hyparrhenia diplandra were the most abundant of the nine grass species. They had the largest tussocks and the highest proportion of tussock with a central die-back. Loudetia simplex was the third most abundant species but was very rare in no fire plots. The distribution of tussock circumferences was right skewed and dominated by small tussocks. The proportion of the tussocks with a central die-back strongly increased with circumference, which could lead to tussock fragmentation. Taken together, this study suggests that fire regimes impact grass demography and that this impact depends on grass species and tussock size.

Response of lowbush blueberry (Vaccinium angustifolium) to hexazinone applied early in the fruiting year

2002 ◽  
Vol 82 (4) ◽  
pp. 781-783 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. I. N. Jensen ◽  
E. G. Specht
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Corolla Tube ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Vaccinium Angustifolium ◽  
Floral Buds ◽  
Perennial Weeds ◽  
Lowbush Blueberry ◽  
Herbaceous Perennial

Spring application of 1.0 kg ha-1 hexazinone to fruiting-year lowbush blueberry no later than the F3 floral stage, when floral buds separate, but before the corolla tube shows white, controlled some common herbaceous perennial weeds without injury to the crop. Key words: Herbicide injury, growth stages, weed control, hexazinone, Vaccinium angustifolium

Influence of liquid manure application method on weed control in spring cereals

Weed Research ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
pp. 287-298 ◽  
Author(s):  
K Rasmussen
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Liquid Manure ◽  
Manure Application ◽  
Application Method ◽  
Spring Cereals

scholarly journals WEED CONTROL FOR SOME DOMINANT PERENNIAL WEEDS IN EGYPT

2008 ◽  
Vol 86 (4) ◽  
pp. 1607-1619
Author(s):  
GABER A. SARY ◽  
MOHAMED E. R. GOMAA ◽  
ALY A. SALIM ◽  
ELHASSANIEN E. HASSANIEN ◽  
ASHRAF M. FADL-ALLAH
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Perennial Weeds

scholarly journals Dimethenamid Persistence and Leaching Potential in a Soilless Mix1

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 99-102
Author(s):  
Lori Robertson ◽  
Jeffrey F. Derr
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Pine Bark ◽  
Combination Product ◽  
Field Soil ◽  
Leaching Potential ◽  
Soilless Media ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Nursery Production ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Irrigation Volume

Abstract Dimethenamid and the granular combination product pendimethalin plus dimethenamid are herbicides registered for use in nursery production and landscape maintenance. The objectives of this study were: (1) to compare the effectiveness of sprayed dimethenamid and the granular combination of pendimethalin plus dimethenamid in container nursery production, (2) to determine the impact of formulation on leaching of dimethenamid in soilless media versus field soil and (3) to determine the influence of irrigation volume on herbicide leaching. Dimethenamid is less mobile in pine bark than field soil, while pendimethalin is more mobile in pine bark. The leaching profile for the granular pendimethalin plus dimethenamid combination product was similar to dimethenamid in field soil and similar to pendimethalin in pine bark. There was no significant difference in herbicide movement in pine bark or field soil after doubling the irrigation volume from 17.8 cm (7 in) to 35.6 cm (14 in). Compared to pendimethalin, dimethenamid leaches less in pine bark, explaining its greater effectiveness for weed control in container production. Index words: Herbicide leaching, soilless mix, pine bark, ornamentals, adsorption. Species used in this study: southern crabgrass [Digitaria ciliaris (Retz.) Koel.]; spotted spurge [Chamaesyce maculata (L.) Small]. Chemicals used in this study: dimethenamid (Tower); dimethenamid plus pendimethalin (FreeHand); pendimethalin (Pendulum 2G).

scholarly journals Structure of Harvestmen (Arachnida, Opiliones) Communities in Different, Anthropically Disturbed Beech Ecosystems (Western Carpathians, Slovakia)

2017 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 259-270 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Mihál ◽  
Ľ. Černecká
Keyword(s):  
Abundant Species ◽  
Species Range ◽  
Western Carpathians ◽  
Forest Clearing ◽  
Forestry Management ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Closed Canopy ◽  
The Impact

Abstract The authors evaluate the impact of different types of forestry management, and other anthropic disturbances, on harvestmen (Opiliones) communities in sub-mountain beech stands in the Western Carpathians. Harvestmen were studied in three main localities, consisting of nine partial plots (Žiar nad Hronom - (1) control closed canopy stand; Jalná - (2) control stand, (3) thinning stand, (4) 11-year old forest clearing, and (5) 2-year old forest clearing; Kováčová - (6) control stand, (7) coppice, (8) 10-year old forest clearing, and (9) 3-year old forest clearing). In total, 16 harvestmen species were found, representing 45.7 % of the 35 harvestmen species range known in Slovakia to date. Th e most abundant species, i. e., those with the highest dominance values (D), were Lophopilio palpinalis (D = 22.8%), Trogulus nepaeformis (D = 17.9%), Lacinius ephippiatus (D = 12.2%), Trogulus tricarinatus (D = 11.3%), Oligolophus tridens (D = 10.5%), and Nemastoma lugubre (D = 6.7%). At the partial plot of the 3-year old forest clearing, we found eight harvestmen species and noticed a high number of specimens (5.49) caught in one individual trap, and this was also the highest number among all the nine sites.

BIOCONTROL OF THE WEED CANADA THISTLE (CIRSIUM ARVENSE): RELEASES AND DEVELOPMENT OF THE GALL FLY UROPHORA CARDUI (DIPTERA: TEPHRITIDAE) IN CANADA

1982 ◽  
Vol 114 (4) ◽  
pp. 349-357 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. P. Peschken ◽  
D. B. Finnamore ◽  
A. K. Watson
Keyword(s):  
New Brunswick ◽  
Cirsium Arvense ◽  
Winter Mortality ◽  
Western Canada ◽  
Canada Thistle ◽  
Main Shoot ◽  
The West ◽  
The Impact

AbstractThe gall fly Urophora cardui (L.) (Diptera: Tephritidae), native to Europe, was released at 24 locations across Canada beginning in 1974. It became established in Ontario, Quebec, and New Brunswick but died out in all but one location in western Canada. Evidence for winter mortality in the west does not explain the failure of these colonies. Although galls, in particular those on the main shoot, reduce the height of Canada thistle, so far the impact on the host weed, Canada thistle (Cirsium arvense) (L.) Scop., is slight.

scholarly journals Sunflower response to inoculation with single and mixed species of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi: Agronomic characteristics

2019 ◽  
Vol 113 (2) ◽  
pp. 321
Author(s):  
Mazen IBRAHIM
Keyword(s):  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Glomus Intraradices ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Abundant Species ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Agricultural Field ◽  
Mycorrhizal Dependency ◽  
Agronomic Characteristics ◽  
The Impact

The impact of indigenous arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) on agronomic characteristics of sunflower (<em>Helianthus annuus</em> L.) was evaluated in a pot experiment. The indigenous AMF, including <em>Glomus intraradices, Glomus mosseae</em>, and <em>Glomus viscosum</em>, were isolated from an agricultural field in which cotton and sunflower plants were grown. The most abundant species (<em>G. viscosum</em>) was multiplied in a monospecific culture. Sunflower plants were inoculated with the mixture of three selected AMF species or solely with <em>G. viscosum</em>. The number of leaves, shoot length, head diameter, above ground biomass, and seeds mass were significantly higher in the plant inoculated with AMF mixture followed by individual inoculation with <em>G. viscosum</em> followed by the control. AMF mixture outperformed the <em>G. viscosumby</em> increasing mycorrhizal dependency and mycorrhizal inoculation effect of sunflower. The results indicate that AMF mixture could be considered as a good inoculum for improving growth and yield of sunflower in sustainable agriculture.

Observations on the biology of Mansonia perturbans (Walker) (Diptera: Culicidae) in the Nova Scotia–New Brunswick border region

1980 ◽  
Vol 58 (11) ◽  
pp. 2084-2088 ◽  
Author(s):  
David J. Lewis ◽  
Gordon F. Bennett
Keyword(s):  
Nova Scotia ◽  
New Brunswick ◽  
Aquatic Plants ◽  
Adult Emergence ◽  
Abundant Species ◽  
Border Region ◽  
Immature Stages ◽  
Peak Activity ◽  
Peak Abundance

Aerial sweep netting of mosquitoes in the Nova Scotia – New Brunswick border region during the summers of 1973–1975 revealed that Mansonia perturbons (Walker) is the most abundant species in this region. This mosquito is univoltine; adult emergence commences in late June; peak abundance occurs about mid-July; peak activity of blood-seeking females occurs at or near darkness. Observations were made of swarming adults, and the immature stages were associated with at least seven species of aquatic plants. Mansonia perturbans appears to have become a relatively recent pest in this region.

Increased Carrier Volume Improves Preemergence Control of Rigid Ryegrass (Lolium rigidum) in Zero-Tillage Seeding Systems

2013 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 649-655 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catherine P. D. Borger ◽  
Glen P. Riethmuller ◽  
Michael Ashworth ◽  
David Minkey ◽  
Abul Hashem ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Droplet Size ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Zero Tillage ◽  
Tillage System ◽  
Quality Water ◽  
High Carrier ◽  
Rigid Ryegrass ◽  
Carrier Volume ◽  
The Impact

PRE herbicides are less effective in the zero-tillage system because of increased residual crop stubble and reduced soil incorporation. However, since weeds are not physically controlled in the zero-tillage system, reliance on efficacy of PRE herbicides is increased. This research investigated the impact of carrier volume and droplet size on the performance of PRE herbicides (in wheat crops at four sites in 2010) to improve herbicide efficacy in conditions of high stubble biomass in zero-tillage systems. Increasing carrier volume from 30 to 150 L ha−1increased spray coverage on water-sensitive paper from an average of 5 to 32%. Average control of rigid ryegrass by trifluralin (at Cunderdin and Merredin sites) and trifluralin or pyroxasulfone (at Wickepin and Esperance sites) improved from 53 to 78% with increasing carrier volume. Use of ASABE Medium droplet size improved spray coverage compared with ASABE Extremely Coarse droplet size, but did not affect herbicide performance. It is clear that increased carrier volume improves rigid ryegrass weed control for nonwater-soluble (trifluralin) and water-soluble (pyroxasulfone) PRE herbicides. Western Australian growers often use low carrier volumes to reduce time of spray application or because sufficient high-quality water is not available, but the advantages of improved weed control justifies the use of a high carrier volume in areas of high weed density.

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