Stable isotope characteristics of water resources in the coastal area of the Vietnamese Mekong Delta

2019 ◽  
Vol 55 (6) ◽  
pp. 566-587 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dang An Tran ◽  
Maki Tsujimura ◽  
Le Phu Vo ◽  
Van Tam Nguyen ◽  
Le Duy Nguyen ◽  
...  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 303
Author(s):  
Shi Hu ◽  
Xingguo Mo

Using the Global Land Surface Satellite (GLASS) leaf area index (LAI), the actual evapotranspiration (ETa) and available water resources in the Mekong River Basin were estimated with the Remote Sensing-Based Vegetation Interface Processes Model (VIP-RS). The relative contributions of climate variables and vegetation greening to ETa were estimated with numerical experiments. The results show that the average ETa in the entire basin increased at a rate of 1.16 mm year−2 from 1980 to 2012 (36.7% of the area met the 95% significance level). Vegetation greening contributed 54.1% of the annual ETa trend, slightly higher than that of climate change. The contributions of air temperature, precipitation and the LAI were positive, whereas contributions of solar radiation and vapor pressure were negative. The effects of water supply and energy availability were equivalent on the variation of ETa throughout most of the basin, except the upper reach and downstream Mekong Delta. In the upper reach, climate warming played a critical role in the ETa variability, while the warming effect was offset by reduced solar radiation in the Mekong Delta (an energy-limited region). For the entire basin, the available water resources showed an increasing trend due to intensified precipitation; however, in downstream areas, additional pressure on available water resources is exerted due to cropland expansion with enhanced agricultural water consumption. The results provide scientific basis for practices of integrated catchment management and water resources allocation.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Phong V. V. Le ◽  
Hai V. Pham ◽  
Luyen K. Bui ◽  
Anh N. Tran ◽  
Chien V. Pham ◽  
...  

Abstract Groundwater is a critical component of water resources and has become the primary water supply for agricultural and domestic uses in the Vietnamese Mekong Delta (VMD). Widespread groundwater level declines have occurred in the VMD over recent decades, reflecting that extraction rates exceed aquifer recharge in the region. However, the impacts of climate variability on groundwater system dynamics in the VMD remain poorly understood. Here, we explore recent changes in groundwater levels in shallow and deep aquifers from observed wells in the VMD and investigate their relations to the annual precipitation variability and El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO). We show that groundwater level responds to changes in annual precipitation at time scales of approximately 1 year. Moreover, shallow (deep) groundwater in the VMD appears to correlate with the ENSO over intra-annual (inter-annual) time scales. Our findings reveal a critical linkage between groundwater level changes and climate variability, suggesting the need to develop an understanding of the impacts of climate variability across time scales on water resources in the VMD.


2001 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 86-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nguyen Huu-Thoi ◽  
Ashim Das Gupta

2009 ◽  
Vol 92 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Toshihiro Sakamoto ◽  
Cao Van Phung ◽  
Aikihiko Kotera ◽  
Khang Duy Nguyen ◽  
Masayuki Yokozawa

Author(s):  
N. T. H. Diep ◽  
N. T. Loi ◽  
N. T. Can

<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> Kien Giang is one of the coastal provinces in the Mekong Delta which is facing the problem of coastal erosion to affect people’s life in the coastal area. This project aims to monitor shoreline and to assess landslide and accretion situation in the period from 1975 to 2015 in the coastal area of Kien Giang province. The study applied Normalized Difference Water Index (MNWI) method and water level extraction using LANDSAT imagery from 1975 to 2015 for highlight the shoreline. Thus, analysis was identified erosion and accretion areas based on shoreline changes and land use influenced by landslides and deposition. The results show to create shoreline changes from 1997 to 2015 in the coastal area of Kien Giang province. A landslide occurred in the west from Nguyen Viet Khai commune to Thuan Hoa commune and Nam Yen commune to Vinh Hoa Hiep commune, Rach Gia city, Kien Giang province. An accretion situation was determined in the areas from Thuan Hoa commune, An Minh district to Nam Thai commune, An Bien district, Kien Giang province, Rach Gia sea encroachment at Rach Gia town and Ha Tien encroachment area at Ha Tien town, Kien Giang province. In general, the coastal area of Kien Giang province has a predominant tendency of accretion, however, the occurrence of erosion and accretion are happened interlacing in the coastal area at Kien Giang province.</p>


2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Robertus Haryoto Indriatmoko ◽  
Arie Herlambang

Pasir Regency (Tanah Grogot) has coastal areas which is potential economically. To support the development of the area the local government is planning the development of proper and efficient plan to overcome the water  problem of a coastal area. The plan could be implemented by conducting geophysical research and analysis of water quality of existing water resources. Based on this research hopefully an economically proper and efficient plan to develop the potency of existing water resources will be implemented.  Katakunci : Wilayah Pesisir, Dua Dimensi, Geofisik, Akuifer, Air Tanah, Kualitas Air, Kabupaten Pasir,Tanah Grogot


2010 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 136-140
Author(s):  
E. Ristin Pujiindiyati

Karawang area is well known as an agriculture area and 2% area is utilized for industries. Clean water demands increase due to developing industry development and population increasement. The origin of groundwater is necessary to keep the sustainability of water resources in this area. Stable isotopes such as 18O and 2H can be used as a parameter to trace the ground water origin. The methods used were Epstein-Mayeda and Zinc reduction for analysis 18O and 2H, respectively. Sampling period was conducted in major dry season in year 2002. The result showed that evaporation effect had influenced to the content of both isotopes in its shallow groundwater that caused a slope shift from its local meteoric line. The origin of its shallow groundwater was from rainwater infiltrating directly in less than 10 m altitude. Citarum River showed more depleted values in both isotopes compared to shallow groundwater and it indicated that its water might originate from spring at the altitude of 600 m.     Keywords: oxygene-18, deuterium, groundwater, isotope


Climate ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 41
Author(s):  
Tuu Nguyen Thanh ◽  
Van Pham Dang Tri ◽  
Seungdo Kim ◽  
Thuy Nguyen Phuong ◽  
Thuy Lam Mong ◽  
...  

Effective water management plays an important role in socioeconomic development in the Vietnamese Mekong Delta (VMD). The impacts of climate change and human activities (that is, domestic consumption and industrial and agricultural activities) vary in different subregions of the delta. In order to provide intersectoral data for determining the significantly impacted subregions of the VMD, the present study simulated interactions between local climatic patterns, human activities, and water resources using a system dynamics modeling (SDM) approach with each subregion as an agent of the developed model. The average rainfall and temperature of 121 subregions in the VMD were collected during 1982–2012, and the future changes of climate by provinces were based on the Representative Concentration Pathways (RCP) scenarios (RCP4.5 and RCP8.5) by the end of 21st century. The assessment was based on the levels of impact of various factors, including (1) water consumption, (2) differences between evapotranspiration and rainfall, and (3) spatial distribution of salinity intrusion over the delta scale. In the coastal areas, as well as the central and upstream areas, water resources were projected to be affected by environmental changes, whereas the former, characterized by the lack of surface freshwater, would be affected at a greater scale during the dry season. Besides, the sea level rise would lead to an increase in negative impacts in the eastern coastal areas, suggesting that water-saving techniques should be applied not only for agriculture, but also for industry and domestic water consumption during the dry season. In addition, the south subregions (that is, the western subregions of the Hau River except for An Giang) were likely to be flooded due to the simulated high rainfall and seasonal rises of sea level during the wet season. Therefore, the alternative forms of settlement and livelihood should be considered toward balance management with changing delta dynamics.


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