Parents are the first party responsible for protecting and fulfilling children's rights. When children are born, they are entitled to the rights to parents and parents also have responsibilities for them. Among the rights of children that must be fulfilled by parents are the rights of the living. Concerning the family living, Hamid Sarong said that fathers are obliged to provide a living for their children if they need it. Similarly, children are required to provide for their parents when they need it. If the father is poor or has insufficient income, they are still obliged to provide for his children. If the mother has sufficient earning, she can be instructed to provide a living for the children who are the responsibility of their father, but she can ask for reimbursement later. If the mother is also poor, then the grandfather (from father) is responsible for providing the livelihood for the children, and he has the right to ask the father to pay back the income given to his grandchildren. If the father died, then the responsibility for the children's living is transferred to the grandfather, a substitute for the father if he is absent or passed away. Hamid Sarong's opinion is in line with the provisions applied in Islamic law and the in Indonesian law. However, Indonesia legislation has not established the issue related to the re-payment or reimbursement of the living that cannot be fulfilled by the father.
Abstrak: Orang tua merupakan pihak pertama yang bertanggung jawab terhadap perlindungan dan pemenuhan hak-hak anak. Hak anak pada orang tua dimulai sejak anaknya dilahirkan dan menghirup udara kehidupan. Sejak itu pula timbul tanggung jawab orang tua terhadap anak-anaknya. Diantara hak-hak anak yang harus dipenuhi oleh orang tua adalah hak nafkah. Tentang nafkah keluarga, Hamid Sarong mengatakan bahwa ayah berkewajiban mencukupkan nafkah anak-anaknya apabila mereka memerlukan, demikian pula anak berkewajiban mencukupkan nafkah ibu bapaknya apabila mereka memerlukan. Apabila ayah dalam keadaan fakir atau penghasilannya tidak mencukupi, kewajiban memberi nafkah kepada anak-anaknya itu tetap ada, tidak menjadi gugur, dan apabila ibu anak-anak berkecukupan dapat diperintahkan mencukupkan nafkah anak-anaknya yang menjadi kewajiban ayah mereka itu, tetapi dapat ditagih untuk mengembalikannya. Apabila ibu fakir juga, maka nafkah anak dimintakan kepada kakek (bapak ayah), dan pada saatnya kakek berhak minta ganti nafkah yang diberikan kepada cucunya itu kepada ayah. Apabila ayah tidak ada lagi, maka nafkah itu dibebankan kepada kakek, sebab kakek berkedudukan sebagai pengganti ayah dalam hal ayah tidak ada lagi. Pendapat Hamid Sarong ini sesuai dengan ketentuan yang berlaku di dalam hukum Islam dan Undang-Undang yang berlaku di Indonesia. Namun tentang nafkah yang tidak mampu ditunaikan oleh ayah bisa ditagih untuk dikembalikan, perundang-undangan yang di Indonesia belum mengatur sejauh itu.
Kata Kunci: Kewajiban Orang Tua, Hak Nafkah, Perlindungan Anak
PROFESSIONAL EXPERIENCES OF ON-CALL SPECIALISTS IN THE FIELD OF VIOLATIONS OF CHILDREN’S RIGHTS
