Pet ownership in the unsheltered homeless population in Los Angeles

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin Henwood ◽  
Eldin Dzubur ◽  
Harmony Rhoades ◽  
Patricia St. Clair ◽  
Robynn Cox
Keyword(s):  
Los Angeles ◽  
Homeless Population ◽  
Pet Ownership

scholarly journals 696. Bartonella quintana Endocarditis, A Case Series

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S400-S400
Author(s):  
Thomas D Dieringer ◽  
Glen Huang ◽  
Paul R Allyn ◽  
Jeffrey Klausner
Keyword(s):  
Renal Failure ◽  
Infective Endocarditis ◽  
Los Angeles ◽  
Aortic Valve ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Case Series ◽  
The United States ◽  
Aortic Insufficiency ◽  
Homeless Population ◽  
Bartonella Quintana

Abstract Background Homelessness has been a growing issue in the United States and worldwide. Bartonella quintana, the causative agent of “Trench fever”, is a well known illness among homeless populations in urban centers. While many cases of B. quintana are self limited, the disease can have advanced presentations including endocarditis. We present a short case series of three cases of B. quintana infective endocarditis (IE) in homeless individuals in Los Angeles and review the literature of cases of B. quintana IE in the homeless population. Methods Here we report three cases of B. quintana IE encountered in homeless individuals at the University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA) hospital system. A literature review was also conducted. PubMed was searched for published cases of human IE secondary to B. quintana in homeless individuals. Results All three patients were male with ages ranging from 39 to 57 years old with a history of homelessness and alcohol use. Presentations were subacute to chronic in nature consisting of constitutional symptoms as well as a range of symptoms corresponding with heart and renal failure. Each patient was found to have varying degrees of aortic insufficiency with either identified aortic valve vegetation or valvular thickening. Diagnosis was made with a combination of Bartonella serologies and whole genome sequencing PCR. All three patient’s courses were complicated by renal failure at varying points limiting the use of gentamicin for the full treatment course. Two patients ultimately underwent aortic valve replacement due to severe aortic insufficiency and completed therapy with doxycycline and rifampin. A single patient was discharged with plan to complete doxycycline and rifampin therapy however was lost to follow up. A literature review of 10 manuscripts describing 13 cases of B. quintana IE were identified. All the patients were male and the median age was 45. Six of the cases were in Europe and eight were in North America. All cases had left sided valve involvement (10 aortic, 6 mitral, 3 both valves). No cases of right sided IE were identified. Conclusion B. quintana IE should be considered in homeless patients with a clinical presentation concerning for IE. A combination of serology and PCR testing can be useful in diagnosis of this uncommon cause of infective endocarditis. Disclosures Jeffrey Klausner, MD, MPH, Nothing to disclose

Booming Then, Sputtering Now

2021 ◽  
Vol 103 (3) ◽  
pp. 281-308
Author(s):  
Michael Woo
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Los Angeles ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Home Ownership ◽  
Homeless Population ◽  
World War ◽  
Housing Shortage ◽  
High Production Rate ◽  
Racial Barriers ◽  
High Production

This article reviews the post-World War II mass production of houses in Los Angeles and the roots of today’s housing shortage. Even with a high production rate, minorities and low-income Angelenos have experienced racial barriers and displacement. Today, L.A.’s homeless population is disproportionally Black, while home ownership is disproportionally white. The article concludes with four proposals for responding to today’s shortage of affordable and racially equitable housing.

Mobilizing a Community–Academic Partnership to Provide DIY Handwashing Stations to Skid Row Residents During COVID-19

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-12
Author(s):  
Graham DiGuiseppi ◽  
Callahan Corcoran ◽  
Todd Cunningham ◽  
Hoan Nguyen ◽  
Monique Noel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Los Angeles ◽  
The United States ◽  
Academic Community ◽  
Homeless Population ◽  
Community Partnership ◽  
Skid Row ◽  
Similar Work ◽  
Stable Housing ◽  
Do It Yourself ◽  
Novel Coronavirus

The coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic is having a devastating impact on global health. In the United States and abroad, there is concern for how the novel coronavirus will affect vulnerable populations, including people experiencing homelessness. Individuals who lack stable housing are more likely to have preexisting health conditions and limited access to basic preventative hygiene practices such as handwashing and sanitizing. The situation has become critical in Los Angeles’ Skid Row neighborhood, where nearly 5,000 unhoused residents (13% of the city’s homeless population) reside on any given night. Community members’ concerns have mounted as social and health services in the area have decreased, and early efforts to prevent the transmission of coronavirus did not adequately address the lack of access to handwashing stations and hand sanitizing products. This Practice Note details an academic–community partnership that uses grassroots organizing to provide “do-it-yourself” handwashing stations to the Skid Row neighborhood. We describe how an academic–community partnership was mobilized to establish innovative practices in response to the coronavirus, offering lessons and recommendations for others hoping to do similar work.

Examination of Religious Affiliation and Substance Abuse Relating to the Los Angeles Homeless Population

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Khan ◽  
Songhai Miguda-Armstead ◽  
Loren Hill ◽  
Rachel Bae ◽  
Debra Warner
Keyword(s):  
Substance Abuse ◽  
Los Angeles ◽  
Religious Affiliation ◽  
Homeless Population

scholarly journals Qualitative features of a nonlinear, nonlocal, agent-based PDE model with applications to homelessness

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (10) ◽  
pp. 1863-1891 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael R. Lindstrom ◽  
Andrea L. Bertozzi
Keyword(s):  
Los Angeles ◽  
Numerical Solutions ◽  
Homeless Population ◽  
Parabolic Partial Differential Equation ◽  
Entry And Exit ◽  
Smooth Solutions ◽  
Agent Based ◽  
Pde Model ◽  
Range Migration ◽  
Degenerate Parabolic

In this paper, we develop a continuum model for the movement of agents on a lattice, taking into account location desirability, local and far-range migration, and localized entry and exit rates. Specifically, our motivation is to qualitatively describe the homeless population in Los Angeles. The model takes the form of a fully nonlinear, nonlocal, non-degenerate parabolic partial differential equation. We derive the model and prove useful properties of smooth solutions, including uniqueness and [Formula: see text]-stability under certain hypotheses. We also illustrate numerical solutions to the model and find that a simple model can be qualitatively similar in behavior to observed homeless encampments.

scholarly journals MORE THAN A HOUSE: A GENDER ANALYSIS OF LAHSA’S THE VIOLENCE AGAINST WOMEN ACT (VAWA) HOUSING POLICY

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 122
Author(s):  
Listiyanti Jaya Arum ◽  
Anindya Firda Khairunnisa
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Domestic Violence ◽  
Los Angeles ◽  
Housing Policy ◽  
Violence Against Women ◽  
The United States ◽  
Homeless Population ◽  
Violence Against Women Act ◽  
Unique Experience ◽  
Domestic Violence Survivors

Homelessness is a chronic problem worldwide, including in the United States. The country’s biggest homeless population occupies major cities like New York and Los Angeles. The fight against homelessness in L.A. has been going on for years, with the homeless population flooding places like Venice Beach, Echo Park, Hollywood, and its most famous homeless encampment, Skid Row. One of the groups constantly vulnerable to the threat of homelessness are women, and the intersection between women's homelessness and domestic violence remains to be a challenging subject. Enriching previous scholarship, this paper critically analyzes housing programs targeting female domestic violence survivors in Los Angeles. In order to get an in-depth examination, the focus is directed to the Violence Against Women Act (VAWA) Housing Policy managed by the Los Angeles Homeless Services Authority (LAHSA). The paper employs gender theory to examine the program’s shortcomings. Using Jeff Hearn’s conception of the ‘public men,’ this paper proposes that the program’s limitations stem from the prevailing patriarchy, which cultivates from home and extends to public policy through the domination of men. Furthermore, the policy is insufficient in combatting women's homelessness due to the absence of programs such as trauma centers, financial security & education program, and childcare unit that are vital to address the unique experience of domestic violence survivors. Thus, evaluation of the housing policy is immediately needed to overcome the problem of homelessness due to domestic violence.

Codifying Invisible Borders: How Municipal Ordinances Inscribe Market Values on the Landscape in Downtown Los Angeles

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 381-393
Author(s):  
Mindy Farabee
Keyword(s):  
Los Angeles ◽  
Social Services ◽  
Value Systems ◽  
Homeless Population ◽  
Neighborhood Revitalization ◽  
Housing Crisis ◽  
Market Values ◽  
Urban Core ◽  
The City

AbstractZoning codes dramatically impact every community they touch. Ostensibly, these ordinances are meant to impose some collectively determined order on our built environments. In practice, they often draw lines in the sand that distribute power unevenly between residents. As home to the U.S.’ second largest homeless population, Los Angeles is but a stark example of the widespread housing crisis hitting many cities around the globe. In the 1970s, this is where the city drew borders around its Skid Row and consolidated social services in a bid to contain homelessness within the region’s urban core. As part of a an ambitious initiative launched in 2013, the city is now updating the zoning codes across its downtown area, a move that is prompting a vigorous debate over the role of municipal ordinances in codifying market-driven approaches to neighborhood revitalization. This interview engages with the Janus face of borders as inclusionary and exclusionary, asking: through what mechanisms – subtle and overt – do zoning codes dictate the shape of our private and communal spaces? And how can communities stake out their turf among competing value systems?

Neighborhood Distribution of Unsheltered Homelessness and its Temporal Changes: Evidence from Los Angeles

2021 ◽  
pp. 107808742110599
Author(s):  
Eun Jin Shin
Keyword(s):  
Los Angeles ◽  
Count Data ◽  
Homeless People ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Homeless Population ◽  
Neighborhood Characteristics ◽  
City Center ◽  
Lower Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Lower Socioeconomic ◽  
The City

Using the 2016–2020 point-in-time homeless count data, this study investigates neighborhood characteristics associated with the levels of and changes in unsheltered homeless population density in Los Angeles. The results show that unsheltered homeless people in the study area are heavily concentrated in and around the city center, and in neighborhoods with greater access to shelters and lower socioeconomic status. Notably, neighborhoods closer to the city center experienced a relatively large increase in unsheltered homelessness during the study period, implying a persistent spatial concentration of unsheltered homelessness. The results consistently indicate that residential land share, Hispanic resident share, and the number of bridges in the baseline year are significant predictors of relative changes in unsheltered homelessness in subsequent years, whereas access to shelters and poverty rates are not. This study’s findings provide several important policy implications that could potentially help prevent and mitigate unsheltered homelessness.

scholarly journals The Emerging Crisis of Aged Homelessness in the US: Could Cost Avoidance in Health Care Fund Housing Solutions?

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dennis Culhane ◽  
Kelly Doran ◽  
Maryann Schretzman ◽  
Eileen Johns ◽  
Daniela Treglia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
New York ◽  
Los Angeles ◽  
Administrative Data ◽  
Social Service ◽  
Homeless Population ◽  
Age Related ◽  
The Us ◽  
Demographic Methods ◽  
Linked Administrative Data

Background with rationale The US homeless population has had a fairly unique age structure for thirty years, with one-third concentrated among the 1955-1965 birth cohort. They are aging prematurely and are experiencing aging related morbidity and mortality in increasing numbers. This study uses demographic methods to project the growth in aged homelessness out to 2030. Using linked administrative data, historical patterns of health care, nursing home and shelter are used to estimate future costs. Potential offsets are estimated from anticipated reductions in excess services use associated with housing placement. Main Aim To determine if housing placement among future aged homeless adults could be offset by reduced health and social service costs. Methods/Approach Demographic methods are applied to historical shelter data in Los Angeles, New York and Boston to project the future growth in aged homelessness. Linked administrative data are used to estimate future age-related use of health and social services. Housing models are applied to meet population needs to estimate costs. Health and social service costs offsets are estimated from prior literature. The net cost is estimated based on the differential. Results Elderly homelessness will triple in the US over the next ten years. Average annual health and shelter costs will be $22-28,000 per person. Housing costs are estimated at $7-11,000 annually. Cost offsets yield a positive ROI of 1.13 in New York and Los Angeles; Boston results are closer to break-even. Conclusion Substantial public dollars will be spent on the aged homelessness problem as it triples over the next ten years. Some of those dollars could be shifted to housing solutions, reducing homelessness significantly, with little to no increase in public expenditures; positive returns on such investments are also possible.

Using Point-in-Time Homeless Counts to Monitor Mortality Trends Among People Experiencing Homelessness in Los Angeles County, California, 2015‒2019

2021 ◽  
Vol 111 (12) ◽  
pp. 2212-2222
Author(s):  
Will Nicholas ◽  
Lisa Greenwell ◽  
Benjamin F. Henwood ◽  
Paul Simon
Keyword(s):  
Los Angeles ◽  
Cohort Studies ◽  
Drug Overdose ◽  
Los Angeles County ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Homeless Population ◽  
Medical Examiner ◽  
Mortality Trends ◽  
Demographic Surveys ◽  
Rate Ratios

Objectives. To report trends in mortality rates, mortality rate ratios (MRRs), and causes of death among people experiencing homelessness (PEH) in Los Angeles County, California, by using annual point-in-time homeless counts and to compare findings to published longitudinal cohort studies of homeless mortality. Methods. We enumerated homeless deaths and determined causes by using 2015–2019 medical examiner‒coroner data matched to death certificate data. We estimated midyear homeless population denominators by averaging consecutive January point-in-time homeless counts. We used annual demographic surveys of PEH to estimate age- and gender-adjusted MRRs. We identified comparison studies through a literature review. Results. Mortality rates increased from 2015 to 2019. Drug overdose was the leading cause of death. Mortality was higher among White than among Black and Latino PEH. Compared with the general population, MRRs ranged from 2.8 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 2.7, 3.0) for all causes to 35.1 (95% CI = 31.9, 38.4) for drug overdose. Crude mortality rates and all-cause MRRs from comparison cohort studies were similar to those in the current study. Conclusions. These methods can be adapted by other urban jurisdictions seeking to better understand and reduce mortality in their homeless populations. (Am J Public Health. 2021;111(12):2212–2222. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2021.306502 )

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