scholarly journals Perceptions of the Importance and Control of Professional Problems in the Clinical Setting

2001 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 247-262
Author(s):  
Gerardo Maupomé ◽  
S. Aída Borges-Yáñez ◽  
F. Javier Díez-de-Bonilla ◽  
Alfonso Pineda-Cruz
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Setting ◽  
And Control

scholarly journals Y-site Incompatibility between Premix Concentrations of Vancomycin and Piperacillin-Tazobactam: Do Current Compatibility Testing Methodologies Tell the Whole Story?

2017 ◽  
Vol 52 (2) ◽  
pp. 132-137 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wesley D. Kufel ◽  
Christopher D. Miller ◽  
Paul R. Johnson ◽  
Kaleigh Reid ◽  
James J. Zahra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Setting ◽  
Visual Inspection ◽  
Compatibility Studies ◽  
Site Testing ◽  
Visual Evidence ◽  
Site Evaluation ◽  
Smart Pumps ◽  
Intravenous Tubing ◽  
And Control ◽  
Antibiotic Infusion

Background Published literature has demonstrated commercially available premix vancomycin (5 mg/mL) and piperacillin-tazobactam (67.5 mg/mL) as physically compatible via simulated Y-site methodology. Compatibility via actual Y-site infusion has yet to be established. Objective To assess and compare the compatibility of commercially available premix concentrations of vancomycin and piperacillin-tazobactam via simulated and actual Y-site evaluation. Methods Vancomycin and piperacillin-tazobactam were tested using simulated and actual Y-site infusion methodologies. Simulated Y-site compatibility was performed using previously published methods via visual inspection, turbidity evaluation, and pH evaluation. Evaluation occurred immediately, 60 minutes, 120 minutes, and 240 minutes following mixing for each mixture and control. Mixtures were considered physically incompatible if there was visual evidence of precipitation or haze, an absorbance value was greater than 0.01 A, or an absolute change of 1.0 pH unit occurred. Actual Y-site infusion was simulated to mirror antibiotic infusion in the clinical setting by nursing personnel using smart pumps and intravenous tubing. Results No evidence of physical incompatibility was observed during simulated Y-site testing via visual inspection, turbidity assessment, and pH evaluation. Conversely, physical incompatibility was observed to the unaided eye within 2 minutes during actual Y-site infusion. Conclusions Despite observed compatibility between vancomycin and piperacillin-tazobactam via simulated Y-site testing, visual evidence of physical incompatibility was observed during actual Y-site infusion. This poses a potential compromise to patient safety if these antibiotics are administered simultaneously in the clinical setting. Actual Y-site testing should be performed prior to clinical adoption of compatibility studies that are based solely on simulated methodologies.

scholarly journals The effects of pulsatile flushing on phlebitis and peripheral intravenous catheters patency

2020 ◽  
pp. 16-25
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Setting ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Practical Method ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Double Blind Clinical Trial ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
And Control ◽  
Intravenous Catheters

Background and Aim: Thrombophlebitis is considered as a major cause of peripheral intravenous catheters (PICs) failure. The flushing technique in the laboratory has been effective in clearing the catheter duct, but its effectiveness in the clinical setting is unknown, therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the effect of pulsatile flushing on phlebitis, type, and duration of PICs patency in patients. Materials and Methods: In this double-blind clinical trial, 71 patients admitted to the inpatient and surgical wards of Imam Khomeini Esfarayen Hospital were randomly assigned to the intervention and control groups after sampling by available methods. In the intervention group, the flushing technique was performed by injecting 1 ml of the normal saline solution for one second, then interrupting less than one second and repeating the injection and interrupting until the end of 5 ml of the solution. The Consequences of this study were phlebitis, duration, and type of PICs patency, which were evaluated every 12 hours by using Jackson's phlebitis instrument and direct observation of the catheter. Results: The incidence of phlebitis in the intervention group was lower than the control group (P<0.001). In addition, two groups had a statistically significant difference in the type of PICs (P<0.001). The median duration of PICs patency in the intervention group was significantly higher than the control group (P<0.001). Conclusion: Pulsatile flushing is an effective technique to increase longevity of PICs and recommended as a practical method in clinical setting.

scholarly journals Effect of Yoga on Endocrine and Nervous System in Adolescent children: Assessment Using EPI parameters

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-21
Author(s):  
V Gayathri ◽  
◽  
Dr. AlakaMani TL ◽  
Dr. Kotikalapudi Shivakumar ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Clinical Setting ◽  
Energy Levels ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Behavioral Changes ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Yoga Intervention ◽  
Yoga Group ◽  
The Mean ◽  
And Control

Behavioral problems are highly prevalent in adolescent children. Adolescence is characterized by several major morphological and functional / behavioral changes. Hyper activities at endocrine and nervous systems seem to be the major cause for the behavioral changes during this transition period. Yoga is found to be one of the effective methods that can influence various bio-systems and can be used in schools to establish physical and psychological well being. Asssessment of endocrine and nervous system is very expensive and tedious process which is only done in a clinical setting. Electro photonic imaging (EPI) is an emerging technology that can assess energy levels of various organs and organ systems in a non-clinical setting. It is a two group (yoga group and control group) study with pre-post data collection. Yoga intervention is given in an English medium high school during academic hours. About 60 students of 8th standard participated in the study with 30 samples in each of the group. Energy levels of endocrine and nervous system is taken for both groups by scanning all the 10 fingers before and after yoga intervention. Highly specialized BioWell equipment and software was used to capture the images. EPI parameters for throat energy, thyroid gland, hypothalamus and nervous system has shown significant difference between pre-and post values of yoga group and it has shown significant reduction in the mean value of post data of yoga group whereas the mean value of same parameters in post data of control group has increased. This clearly establishes the efficacy of yoga in normalizing the effect of the endocrinal system and the resultant nervous hyper-activity. EPI is capable of differentiating energy levels of endocrine and nervous system values of yoga and control group.

Control of Metal Alloy Oxidation with Electric Fields

1973 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 164-165
Author(s):  
R. R. Dils ◽  
P. S. Follansbee
Keyword(s):  
Electric Fields ◽  
Oxidation Process ◽  
Base Alloy ◽  
Oxide Surface ◽  
Platinum Electrodes ◽  
Insulating Layer ◽  
Iron Base Alloy ◽  
Alloy Oxidation ◽  
Aluminum Oxide Layer ◽  
And Control

Electric fields have been applied across oxides growing on a high temperature alloy and control of the oxidation of the material has been demonstrated. At present, three-fold increases in the oxidation rate have been measured in accelerating fields and the oxidation process has been completely stopped in a retarding field.The experiments have been conducted with an iron-base alloy, Pe 25Cr 5A1 0.1Y, although, in principle, any alloy capable of forming an adherent aluminum oxide layer during oxidation can be used. A specimen is polished and oxidized to produce a thin, uniform insulating layer on one surface. Three platinum electrodes are sputtered on the oxide surface and the specimen is reoxidized.

Evidence for a Blood Ganglion Barrier in the Superior Cervical Ganglion of the Rat

1982 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
pp. 204-204
Author(s):  
D. M. DePace
Keyword(s):  
Blood Vessels ◽  
Superior Cervical Ganglion ◽  
Peripheral Nerves ◽  
Time Schedule ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Cervical Ganglion ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Cervical Ganglia ◽  
Capillary Circulation ◽  
And Control

The majority of blood vessels in the superior cervical ganglion possess a continuous endothelium with tight junctions. These same features have been associated with the blood brain barrier of the central nervous system and peripheral nerves. These vessels may perform a barrier function between the capillary circulation and the superior cervical ganglion. The permeability of the blood vessels in the superior cervical ganglion of the rat was tested by intravenous injection of horseradish peroxidase (HRP). Three experimental groups of four animals each were given intravenous HRP (Sigma Type II) in a dosage of.08 to.15 mg/gm body weight in.5 ml of.85% saline. The animals were sacrificed at five, ten or 15 minutes following administration of the tracer. Superior cervical ganglia were quickly removed and fixed by immersion in 2.5% glutaraldehyde in Sorenson's.1M phosphate buffer, pH 7.4. Three control animals received,5ml of saline without HRP. These were sacrificed on the same time schedule. Tissues from experimental and control animals were reacted for peroxidase activity and then processed for routine transmission electron microscopy.

Effects of renovascular hypertension on rat adrenal zona glomerulosa

1978 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 582-583
Author(s):  
G. Mazzocchi ◽  
P. Rebuffat ◽  
C. Robba ◽  
P. Vassanelli ◽  
G. G. Nussdorfer
Keyword(s):  
Renovascular Hypertension ◽  
Left Kidney ◽  
Renin Angiotensin System ◽  
Plasma Renin ◽  
Zona Glomerulosa ◽  
Ultrastructural Changes ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Left Renal Artery ◽  
Angiotensin System ◽  
And Control

It is well known that the rat adrenal zona glomerulosa steroidogenic activity is controlled by the renin-angiotensin system. The ultrastructural changes in the rat zona glomerulosa cells induced by renovascular hypertension were described previously, but as far as we are aware no correlated biochemical and morphometric investigations were performed.Twenty adult male albino rats were divided into 2 experimental groups. One group was subjected to restriction of blood flow to the left kidney by the application of a silver clip about the left renal artery. The other group was sham-operated and served as a control. Renovascular hypertension developed in about 10 days: sistolic blood pressure averaged 165 ± 6. 4 mmHg, whereas it was about 110 ± 3. 8 mmHg in the control animals. The hypertensive and control rats were sacrificed 20 days after the operation. The blood was collected and plasma renin activity was determined by radioimmunological methods. The aldosterone concentration was radioimmunologically assayed both in the plasma and in the homogenate of the left capsular adrenal gland.

X-Ray Replication of Submicrometer Linewidth Patterns

1977 ◽  
Vol 35 ◽  
pp. 136-137
Author(s):  
Henry I. Smith ◽  
D.C. Flanders
Keyword(s):  
Electron Beam Lithography ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Electron Backscattering ◽  
Spatial Frequencies ◽  
Cross Sectional Profile ◽  
Carbon Foils ◽  
Sectional Profile ◽  
And Control ◽  
Soft Radiation

Scanning electron beam lithography has been used for a number of years to write submicrometer linewidth patterns in radiation sensitive films (resist films) on substrates. On semi-infinite substrates, electron backscattering severely limits the exposure latitude and control of cross-sectional profile for patterns having fundamental spatial frequencies below about 4000 Å(l),Recently, STEM'S have been used to write patterns with linewidths below 100 Å. To avoid the detrimental effects of electron backscattering however, the substrates had to be carbon foils about 100 Å thick (2,3). X-ray lithography using the very soft radiation in the range 10 - 50 Å avoids the problem of backscattering and thus permits one to replicate on semi-infinite substrates patterns with linewidths of the order of 1000 Å and less, and in addition provides means for controlling cross-sectional profiles. X-radiation in the range 4-10 Å on the other hand is appropriate for replicating patterns in the linewidth range above about 3000 Å, and thus is most appropriate for microelectronic applications (4 - 6).

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document