scholarly journals E-Cigarette Outcome Expectancies among Nationally Representative Samples of Adolescents and Young Adults

2019 ◽  
Vol 54 (12) ◽  
pp. 1970-1979 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joshua O. Barker ◽  
Dannielle E. Kelley ◽  
Seth M. Noar ◽  
Beth A. Reboussin ◽  
Jennifer Cornacchione Ross ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Outcome Expectancies ◽  
Adolescents And Young Adults ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Representative Samples

scholarly journals Patterns of Alcohol Use among Italian Young Adults before and during a COVID-19 lockdown: A Latent Class Analysis Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giovanni Aresi ◽  
Angela Sorgente ◽  
Michael J. Cleveland ◽  
Elena Marta
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Latent Class Analysis ◽  
Latent Class ◽  
Secondary Analysis ◽  
Stress And Coping ◽  
Class Analysis ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
And Coping ◽  
Representative Samples

Introduction: Two not mutually exclusive theories have been proposed to explain the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on alcohol use: The Availability hypothesis contends that reduced opportunities to drink due to the closure of outlets and consumption sites should lead to decreases in alcohol use, whereas the Stress and Coping hypothesis argues that those exposed to stressful situations may increase drinking. Aims: This study aimed to test such hypotheses by describing pre/during-COVID-19-pandemic changes in patterns of alcohol use among the Italian young adults (18–34 years).Methods: This study involves the secondary analysis of data collected in 2015 and 2020 from nationally representative samples of Italian young adults. Latent class analysis (LCA) was used to identify common patterns of alcohol use.Results: Five classes were found: current non-drinker class (CND), weekend risky (WRD) and weekend non-risky drinkers (WnRD), daily non-risky (DnRD) and daily risky drinkers (DRD). Results indicate gender-specific changes in the prevalence of the five drinker profiles from 2015 to 2020.Conclusions: In support to the Availability hypothesis, increases in abstaining women and men were observed, however among men there were also increases in the prevalence of patterns characterized by risky drinking and related harm (Stress and Coping hypothesis).

scholarly journals What Do Adolescents and Young Adults Think a Cigarillo Is? Implications for Health Communication

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (6) ◽  
pp. 3311
Author(s):  
Jennifer Cornacchione Ross ◽  
David M. Reboussin ◽  
Seth M. Noar ◽  
Kimberly D. Wiseman ◽  
Erin L. Sutfin
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Young Adult ◽  
Public Education ◽  
Health Communication ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Adolescents And Young Adults ◽  
Adolescent And Young Adult ◽  
Response Options ◽  
Common Response ◽  
Nationally Representative

Cigarillo use has increased among adolescents and young adults and has remained high. Public education efforts are needed to communicate with these populations about cigarillo use risks, but little is known about the implications of using the term “cigarillo” in such efforts. The study goal was to assess adolescent and young adult perceptions of the term “cigarillo”. We conducted a nationally representative online survey of 3517 adolescents and young adults (ages 13–25). We asked participants “what is a cigarillo?” with several response options. Participants were 49.6% female, 69.8% white, 5.2% reported past 30-day cigarillo use, and 11.6% reported lifetime cigarillo use. The most common response to the question “what is a cigarillo” was “I don’t know” (51% of participants), followed by “a thinner and smaller version of a traditional cigar” (30.1% of participants), which was chosen by 19.4% of adolescents and 36.8% of young adults. Among past 30-day cigarillo users, the most common response was “I don’t know” (54.9%) followed by “a thinner and smaller version of a traditional cigar” (45.1%). Cigarillo users were more likely to select the “a thinner and smaller version of a traditional cigar” response than nonusers. Findings suggest that many adolescents and young adults have varied understandings of the term “cigarillo”. Researchers and practitioners need to ensure that terminology used in health communication campaigns is clearly understood by the target audience to maximize effectiveness.

Comparing belief in short-term versus long-term consequences of smoking and vaping as predictors of non-use in a 3-year nationally representative survey study of US youth

2021 ◽  
pp. tobaccocontrol-2021-056886
Author(s):  
Emma Jesch ◽  
Ava Irysa Kikut ◽  
Robert Hornik
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Tobacco Use ◽  
Electronic Cigarettes ◽  
Smoking Behaviour ◽  
Adolescents And Young Adults ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Long Term Consequences ◽  
Nationally Representative

IntroductionEfforts to prevent youth tobacco use are critical to reducing smoking-related deaths in the USA. Anti-tobacco messaging often focuses on the severe long-term consequences of smoking (eg, fatal lung disease, cancer). It is unclear whether these long-term consequences are more likely to deter youth use than shorter term consequences (eg, headaches, friend disapproval).MethodsA nationally representative 3-year rolling survey of adolescents and young adults (ages 13–26 years) measured belief in potential consequences of two types of tobacco products: combustible cigarettes (n=11 847) and electronic cigarettes (n=4470) as well as intentions and current use. Independent coders classified 23 consequences as either short or long term. Logistic regression tested the associations between short-term (vs long-term) beliefs and current intentions, as well as non-smoking behaviour at 6-month follow-up.ResultsBelieving in both short-term and long-term consequences was associated with outcomes, but short-term beliefs were more highly associated with anti-smoking (OR=1.40, 95% CI (1.30 to 1.51)) and anti-vaping (OR=2.10, 95% CI (1.75 to 2.52)) intentions and better predicted non-smoking behaviour at follow-up, controlling for prior use (OR=1.75, 95% CI (1.33 to 2.31)).ConclusionsThese results support temporal discounting by adolescents and young adults and suggest health communication efforts aiming to reduce youth tobacco use should emphasise shorter term consequences.

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