The emerging adult reasons for substance use (EARS): preliminary support for multidimensionality, validity and reliability

Several challenges may hinder accurate screening for and assessment of substance use disorders among emerging adults ages 18–29. This chapter discusses emerging adult–specific research on diagnosing substance use disorders and several empirically supported screeners and assessments that may be useful to those working with emerging adults. First, emerging adult–specific research supporting changes to the most recent version of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual for Mental Disorders, the DSM-5, is reviewed, and nuances in using the DSM-5 with emerging adults are discussed. The chapter highlights idiosyncrasies in emerging adult symptom patterns using data from large national surveys. Finally, a practice-friendly review of screening and assessment instruments commonly used with emerging adults is provided. For screening instruments, administration time, the instrument’s ability to discern which emerging adults exhibit substance use problems, and emerging adult–specific cutoff points in the literature are addressed. For assessment tools, comprehensiveness of the instrument, administration time, and contexts in which the instrument has been used with emerging adults are discussed.

Download Full-text

Associations between substance use disorders and major depression in parents and late adolescent-emerging adult offspring: an adoption study

Addiction ◽

10.1111/j.1360-0443.2012.03934.x ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 107 (11) ◽

pp. 1965-1973 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

Naomi R. Marmorstein ◽

William G. Iacono ◽

Matt McGue

Keyword(s):

Substance Use ◽

Major Depression ◽

Substance Use Disorders ◽

Emerging Adult ◽

Adult Offspring ◽

Late Adolescent ◽

Adoption Study

Download Full-text

Validation of a three-item Fatigue Severity Scale for patients with substance use disorder: a cohort study from Norway for the period 2016-2020

10.21203/rs.3.rs-33806/v4 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Jørn Henrik Vold ◽

Rolf Gjestad ◽

Christer F. Aas ◽

Eivind Meland ◽

Kjell Arne Johansson ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Substance Use ◽

Internal Consistency ◽

Mixed Model ◽

Linear Mixed Model ◽

Health Assessment ◽

Fatigue Severity Scale ◽

Severity Scale ◽

Validity And Reliability ◽

Health Assessments ◽

Fatigue Severity

Abstract Background Little attention has been paid to customising fatigue questionnaires for patients with Substance Use Disorders (SUDs). The present study aims to validate and shorten the nine-item Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS-9) and Visual Analogue Fatigue Scale (VAFS) for use with this population.MethodsWe used data from a nested cohort with annual health assessments with responses on the FSS-9 and VAFS. During the period 2016–2020, 917 health assessments were collected from 655 patients with SUD in Bergen and Stavanger, Norway. A total of 225 patients answered the health assessment at least twice. We defined baseline as the first annual health assessment when the health assessments were sorted chronologically per patient. We checked for internal consistency, and we used longitudinal confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and linear mixed model (LMM) analysis to validate and shorten the FSS-9 and VAFS. ResultsThe internal consistency of the FSS-9 was excellent with a Cronbach’s α of 0.94 at baseline and 0.93 at the second annual health assessment. When shortening the FSS-9 to a three-item FSS (FSS-3, items 5–7), the Cronbach’s α was 0.87 at baseline and 0.84 at the second health assessment. The internal consistency was not affected when the VAFS was added to the FSS-3 and the FSS-9. The longitudinal CFA model showed a well-fitting model for the FSS-3 (χ2 = 13.33, degree of freedom = 8, P = 0.101). The LMM analysis showed equal linear changes at the individual level for the FSS-3 (slope: 0.00, P > 0.05) and FSS-9 (slope: 0.01, P > 0.05) between the health assessments. ConclusionThe FSS-9 could be shortened to the FSS-3 with high validity and reliability for patients with SUDs and the addition of VAFS did not provide much added variability.

Download Full-text

Emerging Adults and Substance Use Disorder Treatment

10.1093/med-psych/9780190490782.001.0001 ◽

2017 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Keyword(s):

Substance Use ◽

Emerging Adulthood ◽

Emerging Adults ◽

Substance Use Disorder ◽

Emerging Adult ◽

Developmental Theory ◽

Treatment Needs ◽

Substance Use Disorder Treatment ◽

Assessment And Treatment ◽

Disorder Treatment

Emerging adulthood, spanning roughly between ages 18 and 29, is increasingly recognized as a unique period of development within the human lifespan. Unfortunately, the peak prevalence for substance use and related disorders occurs during emerging adulthood. At the nexus of developmental theory and clinical practice, this volume explores the idiosyncrasies associated with the assessment and treatment of substance-related disorders among emerging adults. Comprehensive coverage is provided on the developmental aspects of emerging adulthood, emerging adult–specific substance use screening, assessment, and treatment. In addition, many related special topics are addressed, including U.S. healthcare reform and the Affordable Care Act’s impact on treatment for emerging adults, treatment for aging-out foster youth with substance use disorders, collegiate recovery programs, and treatment needs of emerging adults from privileged and marginalized backgrounds. Throughout the book, readers receive research-informed, yet practical, suggestions for emerging adult substance use disorder treatment.

Download Full-text