The constraints and possibilities for a unified financial support programme for Eastern Europe∗

1996 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-38
Author(s):  
Gerhard Fink
Keyword(s):  
Eastern Europe ◽  
Financial Support ◽  
Support Programme

scholarly journals Social measures, financial support to maintain, increase population in some European countries

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-56
Author(s):  
Kinga Emese Zsido
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Eastern Europe ◽  
Financial Support ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Social Effects ◽  
European Level ◽  
Reasonable Time ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
Long Time

AbstractThe evolution of the number of the population in many countries, even at European level, gives signs of concern, of which we should be aware: the significant decrease of the population, the negative changes in its structure can have negative and drastic economic and social effects if the governments do not intervene reasonable time. The implementation of measures must be well thought out, with the possibility of financial support and maintained for a long time, so that the expected effects appear. In Europe, some governments (especially in Eastern Europe) have already assumed this responsibility, implemented a series of measures to keep the youth in the country, to increase the number of children, with the purpose of increasing the population and balancing its structure. The paper presents a comparative analysis of the measures implemented by three European countries (Poland, Romania and Hungary) in order to increase the population in the following decades.

scholarly journals Western Donors, Romani Organizations, and Uses of the Concept of Nation after 1989

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-45
Author(s):  
Douglas Neander Sambati
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Eastern Europe ◽  
Financial Support ◽  
Central And Eastern Europe ◽  
Nation Building ◽  
The Relationship

This article discusses the relationship between Western donors and Romani and Romani-friendly organizations in Central and Eastern Europe after 1989. Based on literature review, interviews, reports, and websites, this paper upholds that the burst of Romani and Romani-friendly organizations in Central and Eastern Europe after 1989 primarily was made possible by financial support and expertise coming from Western organizations. Together with their work methodology, so-called donors took their own framework on  understanding groupings and enforced the concept of nation upon Gypsy/Romani populations. Therefore, Western donors and Romani activists and intellectuals alike essentialized (claimed) Gypsy/Romani traits in order to support a nation-building rhetoric. These Romani activists and intellectuals, in turn, are a legacy of policies from planned economies, and they actually might represent Gypsy/Romani communities from a privileged perspective – no longer fully insiders but as a vanguard.

The international monetary fund in eastern europe: seven years of experience

1997 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiří Jonáš
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Trade ◽  
Eastern Europe ◽  
International Monetary Fund ◽  
Financial Support ◽  
Recipient Country ◽  
Balance Of Payments ◽  
Financial Assistance ◽  
The International Monetary Fund ◽  
Term Objective ◽  
The Imf

Almost seven years ago, in January 1990, the IMF approved for Poland its first stabilisation program in Eastern Europe. The Fund's role was to provide financial support to macroeconomic stabilisation in the wake of rapid liberalisation of prices, opening of foreign trade and devaluation of currency. In 1991, as reforms in Eastern Europe unfolded, stabilisation programs for other countries followed. During the nearly seven years since, the IMF has provided billions of USD to countries in the region, and all of the former centrally planned economies except Slovenia have received financial support from the IMF. The Fund's financial assistance never comes with no strings attached. Such assistance must serve not only the immediate purpose of balance of payments support but also the longer-term objective of eliminating the problems causing the recipient country to seek the Fund's assistance.

scholarly journals The startegy of sustainable public transport in the city of Kielce for the years 2014 to 2020

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (10) ◽  
pp. 38-40
Author(s):  
Anna Pająk ◽  
Artur Orzeł
Keyword(s):  
Public Transportation ◽  
Financial Support ◽  
Strategy Implementation ◽  
Urban Transport ◽  
Investment Projects ◽  
Support Programme ◽  
Social And Economic Development ◽  
Public Transportation System ◽  
Council Of Ministers ◽  
The City

In the frame of Action 2.1. “Sustainable urban transport” of the II Priority Axis of the Eastern Poland 2014-2020 Operational Programme, the community of Kielce submitted two applications of investment projects of the total value of 295 mln PLN, 220 mln out Submissions of the total amount are going to be covered by programme funds. The main aim of submitted projects is to support complex investments in ecological and integrated public transportation system. Eastern Poland Operational Programme includes five voivodeships in the area of Eastern Poland macroregion : lubelskie, podkarpackie, podlaskie, świętokrzyskie i warmińsko-mazurskie. As an additional territorial instrument of financial support, programme is oriented on complementing implementation of regional and national operational programmes. Programme is also based on the main aims and priorities of “The Strategy of Social and Economic Development of Eastern Poland to 2020” approved by the Council of Ministers in Poland on 11th of July 2013 and is one of the instruments of strategy implementation..

The Role of Italian Jewry

2020 ◽  
pp. 142-159
Author(s):  
Adam Teller
Keyword(s):  
Eastern Europe ◽  
Financial Support ◽  
Good News ◽  
Jewish Refugees ◽  
Polish Jews

This chapter studies the role of Italian Jewry in ransoming Polish Jewish captives. In truth, the most important use for the pidyon shevuyim money as far as Italian Jewry was concerned had nothing to do with Polish Jews and their problems. Instead, ransom money was used primarily to redeem Jewish maritime merchants and travelers who were preyed on by pirates, particularly the Knights of St. John on Malta. This desire to prioritize the needs of the captives on Malta did not mean, however, that Venice totally ignored all other causes. Moreover, the Italian communities in general, though they seem to have understood the benefits of having Venice manage the ransoming on Malta, were not willing entirely to give up their autonomy in how they used their philanthropic funds. This was good news for Polish Jews because it improved their chances of receiving financial support from Italian Jewry. Their requests for that can be divided into two main groups. The first were made by individuals, asking for help with their personal issues. The second were requests for larger groups, most often communities in Poland–Lithuania that were struggling with the costs of recovering from the war or communities outside eastern Europe that were dealing with an influx of Polish Jewish refugees.

The Self-Description Questionnaire-1: A Lithuanian Application

1995 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Watkins ◽  
Anne McCreary Juhasz ◽  
Aldona Walker ◽  
Nijole Janvlaitiene
Keyword(s):  
Eastern Europe ◽  
Factor Structure ◽  
Response Bias ◽  
Internal Consistency ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Cultural Dimensions ◽  
The Self ◽  
Nigerian Children ◽  
Gender Biases ◽  
And Gender

Analysis of the responses of 139 male and 83 female Lithuanian 12-14 year-olds to a translation of the Self-Description Questionnaire-1 (SDQ-1; Marsh, 1988 ) supported the internal consistency and factor structure of this instrument. Some evidence of a “positivity” response bias was found, however. Comparison of the Lithuanian responses to those of like-aged Australian, Chinese, Filipino, Nepalese, and Nigerian children indicated the Lithuanians tended to report rather lower self-esteem. The Lithuanian males also tended to report lower self-esteem than their female peers. Interpretation of the results are considered in terms of reactions to the recent upheavals in Eastern Europe, stable cultural dimensions, and possible cultural and gender biases in the items of the SDQ-1.

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