Combining New Awareness and Public Support for Archaeology with In Situ Preservation of an Archaeological Monument

2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 342-352
Author(s):  
Bertil J.H. Van Os ◽  
Tessa de Groot ◽  
José Schreurs ◽  
Marc Stappers ◽  
Marjolein Verschuur
Keyword(s):  
Public Support ◽  
In Situ Preservation ◽  
Archaeological Monument

A Full-Ocean-Depth Sampler for Hadal Microbes Based on Multistage Membrane Filters With In-Situ Preservation

2021 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
pp. 25-34
Author(s):  
Jiawang Chen ◽  
Weitao He ◽  
Peng Zhou ◽  
Jiasong Fang ◽  
Dahai Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ribonucleic Acid ◽  
Gene Pool ◽  
Special Structure ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Mariana Trench ◽  
Membrane Filters ◽  
In Situ Preservation ◽  
Microbial Samples ◽  
Flow Pump

Abstract In order to obtain high-quality microbial samples from the hadal zone, which has a depth of over 6,000 m, a full-ocean-depth sampler with the function of in-situ filtration and preservation was developed. A flow pump and several membrane filters were used for in-situ filtration under the sea. With a multistage filtering structure, the microbes can be initially screened according to their sizes. To avoid the degradation of microbial ribonucleic acid (RNA), a special structure was designed to inject the RNAlater solution into the samples immediately after the filtration. The sampler was tested in our laboratory and deployed during Mariana TS-15 in 2019. It was installed on a hadal lander of Shanghai Ocean University and deployed at MBR02 (11.371°N, 142.587°E, 10,931 m) in the Mariana Trench. A total of 20 L of in-situ seawater was filtered, and membranes with pore sizes of 3 and 0.2 μm were preserved. The study is expected to provide important support for the establishment of a hadal microbial gene pool.

In Situ Preservation Without Traditional Hypothermia

1995 ◽  
pp. 376-376
Author(s):  
Lauren Brasile ◽  
Jolene Clarke ◽  
Ernie Green ◽  
Carl Haisch
Keyword(s):  
In Situ Preservation

scholarly journals Fossil microbial shark tooth decay documents in situ metabolism of enameloid proteins as nutrition source in deep water environments

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Iris Feichtinger ◽  
Alexander Lukeneder ◽  
Dan Topa ◽  
Jürgen Kriwet ◽  
Eugen Libowitzky ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Content ◽  
Shark Teeth ◽  
In Situ Preservation ◽  
Mineralized Tissues ◽  
New Type ◽  
Tissue Alteration ◽  
First Time ◽  
Nutrition Source ◽  
Organic Remains

AbstractAlteration of organic remains during the transition from the bio- to lithosphere is affected strongly by biotic processes of microbes influencing the potential of dead matter to become fossilized or vanish ultimately. If fossilized, bones, cartilage, and tooth dentine often display traces of bioerosion caused by destructive microbes. The causal agents, however, usually remain ambiguous. Here we present a new type of tissue alteration in fossil deep-sea shark teeth with in situ preservation of the responsible organisms embedded in a delicate filmy substance identified as extrapolymeric matter. The invading microorganisms are arranged in nest- or chain-like patterns between fluorapatite bundles of the superficial enameloid. Chemical analysis of the bacteriomorph structures indicates replacement by a phyllosilicate, which enabled in situ preservation. Our results imply that bacteria invaded the hypermineralized tissue for harvesting intra-crystalline bound organic matter, which provided nutrient supply in a nutrient depleted deep-marine environment they inhabited. We document here for the first time in situ bacteria preservation in tooth enameloid, one of the hardest mineralized tissues developed by animals. This unambiguously verifies that microbes also colonize highly mineralized dental capping tissues with only minor organic content when nutrients are scarce as in deep-marine environments.

In situ preservation as a dynamic process: the example of Sutton Common, UK

Antiquity ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 75 (287) ◽  
pp. 94-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Van De Noort ◽  
Henry P. Chapman ◽  
James L. Cheetham
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Process ◽  
In Situ Preservation ◽  
Archaeological Landscape

In situ preservation is a complex and dynamic process, which requires an understanding of the nature and scale of the material to be preserved, an understanding of the context of the site in terms of managerial needs and a programme of scientific monitoring of changes within the burial environment. The example of a rural archaeological landscape in northeast England, which is undergoing a programme of hydrological management, is considered.

Redescription of two ghost shrimps (Decapoda: Axiidea: Callianassidae) from the Middle Miocene of the Central Paratethys: systematics, intraspecific variation, and in situ preservation

Zootaxa ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 3210 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
MATÚŠ HYŽNÝ ◽  
NATÁLIA HUDÁČKOVÁ
Keyword(s):  
Intraspecific Variation ◽  
Middle Miocene ◽  
Type Material ◽  
Central Paratethys ◽  
In Situ Preservation ◽  
Major Cheliped ◽  
Material Form

A redescription of two Middle Miocene burrowing ghost shrimps of the Central Paratethys, Callianassa brocchiiLőrenthey, 1897 and Callianassa pseudorakosensis Lőrenthey in Lőrenthey & Beurlen, 1929, is provided. Material form-ing the basis of this study comes from the Studienka Formation (lower 'Sarmatian', Serravallian) of the Slovak part of theVienna Basin and exhibits preservation allowing reassignment of the studied taxa to the genera Neocallichirus Sakai, 1988and Eucalliax Manning & Felder, 1991 respectively. The major cheliped of both species exhibits two distinct morphotypesinterpreted herein as possible sexual dimorpism. Several specimens of both taxa are preserved within the tube structuresand are interpreted as in situ preservation within the burrows. Type material of both studied taxa and additional collections from the roughly coeval strata of Hungary and Austria were also studied.

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