Parental Mental Disorders and Suicidal Behavior in the Nigerian Survey of Mental Health and Well-Being

Abstract The Office of the Commissioner for Mental Health in Malta was established in 2011 to promote and protect rights of persons with mental disorders and their carers. This advocacy role includes monitoring of involuntary care, regular reporting on quality of care and care environments, in-depth analysis and recommendations on emerging issues such as mental health literacy, multidisciplinary care plans, drug addiction services and stigma and regular networking across ministries, agencies, departments, and NGOs, breaking silos and building bridges. Data for 2018 shows that acutely ill young people (10-29 year olds) were 30% of acute involuntary admissions. Males and foreign nationals from medium and least developed countries were more frequently represented. Substance abuse, mood disorders and psychotic disorders were the more common diagnostic groups. Building resilience and providing opportunities for early intervention are key elements of better mental health and well-being in the younger generation. Six examples of good practice in adolescent and youth mental health from Malta will be presented: Youth.inc by AÄ¡enzija Å»gÄ§aÅ¼agÄ§; Kellimni.com by SOS Malta; Youth Mental Health First Aid by Richmond Foundation; Research and Professional Education by ACAMH (Malta); Student Support Services at MCAST MALTA; Project Enlight! by Enlight Foundation. Two of these initiatives were recognised as best practices at European level in a peer learning exercise conducted by the Dutch Youth Institute. The recommendations are: more focused approaches towards young people with acute mental disorders with special attention to their specific needs; the identification of young people in trouble; work programmes that build resilience, life-skills and employment prospects; the intensified use of refined electronic and social media tools for promotion, prevention and early intervention; and active support and encouragement of peer group development and self-help initiatives. Key messages Networking stakeholders to break silos and build bridges. Resilience and early intervention for better mental health and well-being.

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Deconstructing current comorbidity: data from the Australian National Survey of Mental Health and Well-Being

The British Journal of Psychiatry ◽

10.1192/bjp.181.4.306 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 181 (4) ◽

pp. 306-314 ◽

Cited By ~ 122

Author(s):

Gavin Andrews ◽

Tim Slade ◽

Cathy Issakidis

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Mental Disorders ◽

Anxiety Disorders ◽

National Survey ◽

Well Being ◽

Service Utilisation ◽

Epidemiological Surveys ◽

Common Causes ◽

Symptom Level ◽

Health And Well Being

BackgroundComorbidity in epidemiological surveys of mental disorders is common and of uncertain importance.AimsTo explore the correlates of current comorbidity.MethodData from the Australian National Survey of Mental Health and Well-Being were used to evaluate the relationships between comorbidity, disability and service utilisation associated with particular mental disorders.ResultsThe number of current comorbid disorders predicted disability, distress, neuroticism score and service utilisation. Comorbidity is more frequent than expected, which might be due to the effect of one disorder on the symptom level of another, or to the action of common causes on both. The combination of affective and anxiety disorders was more predictive of disability and service utilisation than any other two or three group combinations. When people nominated their principal disorder as the set of symptoms that troubled them the most, the affective and anxiety disorders together were associated with four-fifths of the disability and service utilisation.ConclusionsTo make clinical interventions more practical, current comorbidity is best reduced to a principal disorder and subsidiary disorders.

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Sports Psychiatry. Women’s mental health in elite sports – we are missing the complexity

Sports & Exercise Medicine Switzerland ◽

10.34045/sems/2020/42 ◽

2020 ◽

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Mental Disorders ◽

Active Phase ◽

Well Being ◽

Diagnosis And Treatment ◽

Competitive Sports ◽

Psychological Well Being ◽

And Performance ◽

Health And Well Being ◽

Elite Sports

In competitive sports, mental health and well-being is of great significance [1]. This applies to the active phase, as well as the time after the career. Mental disorders are common in competitive sports [2]. Physical and psychological well-being and performance in sports relate to each other [2]: Emotional strains and illnesses in sport may have an influence on the performance, may increase the risk for injuries and may lengthen rehabilitation. Injuries have an influence on the performance, too, and are strains and risks for mental health. The requirements in elite sports call for a safe and sound judgement and handling with strains and risks for mental health, as well as in diagnosis and treatment on illness [1].

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The National Survey of Mental Health and Well-Being in Australia: Impact on Policy

The Canadian Journal of Psychiatry ◽

10.1177/070674370204700902 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 47 (9) ◽

pp. 819-824 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

Scott Henderson

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Mental Disorders ◽

National Survey ◽

Common Mental Disorders ◽

Well Being ◽

Point Prevalence ◽

Published Data ◽

Years Of Life Lost ◽

The Common ◽

Health And Well Being

Objective: To provide a synopsis of the 3-part National Survey of Mental Health and Well-Being in Australia and to examine the yield in terms of policy and other changes in mental and general health services. Method: Published data are examined, and a commentary is provided on service-delivery issues that the data have revealed. Results: One-year prevalence estimates for the common mental disorders, defined according to ICD-10 criteria and assessed using the automated version of the Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI-A), have indicated rates similar to those of other countries (17.7%). Alarmingly high rates were found for alcohol and substance abuse in young persons, especially among young men. The number of years of life lost owing to disability attributable to mental disorders exceeds the number lost owing to cardiovascular disease and cancer. Only 35% of persons with 1 or more of the common mental disorders had sought help in the 12 months prior to interview. The point prevalence for mental health problems was 14% for persons aged 4 to 17 years. The point prevalence for psychotic disorders was 4.7 per 1000. An encouraging finding is that 81% of affected individuals had been to their general practitioner (GP) in the last year. However, only 20% had participated in any rehabilitation program in the past year. Conclusions: The Survey results are based on a national population sample, not on individuals reaching services. They have therefore proved to be of great value in influencing policy at federal and state levels and may have contributed to increased funding for both services and research.

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Service Use for Mental Health Reasons: Cross-Provincial Differences in Rates, Determinants, and Equity of Access

The Canadian Journal of Psychiatry ◽

10.1177/070674370505001007 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 50 (10) ◽

pp. 614-619 ◽

Cited By ~ 70

Author(s):

Helen-Maria Vasiliadis ◽

Alain Lesage ◽

Carol Adair ◽

Richard Boyer

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Mental Disorders ◽

Health Service ◽

Mental Disorder ◽

Resource Use ◽

Service Use ◽

Well Being ◽

Medical System ◽

Health Service Use ◽

Health And Well Being

Objectives: In 2002, Canada undertook its first national survey on mental health and well-being, including detailed questioning on service use. Mental disorders may affect more than 1 person in 5, according to past regional and less comprehensive mental health surveys in Canada, and most do not seek help. Individual determinants play a role in health resource use for mental health (MH) reasons. This study aimed to provide prevalence rates of health care service use for MH reasons by province and according to service type and to examine determinants of MH service use in Canada and across provinces. Methods: We assessed the prevalence rate (95% confidence interval [CI]) of past-year health service use for MH reasons, and we assessed potential determinants cross-sectionally, using data collected from the Statistics Canada Canadian Community Health Survey: Mental Health and Well-Being (CCHS 1.2). We estimated models of resource use with logistic regression (using odds ratios and 95%CIs). Results: The prevalence of health service use for MH reasons in Canada was 9.5% (95%CI, 9.1% to 10.0%). The highest rates, on average, were observed in Nova Scotia (11.3%; 95%CI, 9.6% to 13.0%) and British Columbia (11.3%; 95%CI, 10.1% to 12.6%). The lowest rates were observed in Newfoundland and Labrador (6.7%; 95%CI, 5.3% to 8.0%) and Prince Edward Island (7.5%; 95%CI, 5.8% to 9.3%). In Canada, the general medical system was the most used for MH reasons (5.4%; 95%CI, 5.1% to 5.8%) and the voluntary network sector was the least used (1.9%; 95%CI, 1.7% to 2.1%). No difference was observed in the rate of service use between specialty MH (3.5%; 95%CI, 3.2% to 3.8%) and other professional providers (4.0%; 95%CI, 3.7% to 4.3%). In multivariate analyses, after adjusting for age and sex, the presence of a mental disorder was a consistent predictor of health service use for MH across the provinces. Conclusions: There is up to a twofold difference in the type of service used for MH reasons across provinces. The primary care general medical system is the most widely used service for MH. Need remains the strongest predictor of use, especially when a mental disorder is present. Barriers to access, such as income, were not identified in all provinces. Different sociodemographic variables played a role in service seeking within each province. This suggests different attitudes toward common mental disorders and toward care seeking among the provinces.

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Prevalence of Mental Disorders in the Elderly: The Australian National Mental Health and Well-Being Survey

American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry ◽

10.1097/jgp.0b013e3180590ba9 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 15 (6) ◽

pp. 455-466 ◽

Cited By ~ 96

Author(s):

Julian N. Trollor ◽

Tracy M. Anderson ◽

Perminder S. Sachdev ◽

Henry Brodaty ◽

Gavin Andrews

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Mental Disorders ◽

Well Being ◽

The Elderly ◽

National Mental Health ◽

Health And Well Being

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Prevalence of mental disorders in the elderly: the Australian National Mental Health and Well-being Survey

Acta Neuropsychiatrica ◽

10.1017/s0924270800030829 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 18 (6) ◽

pp. 271-272

Author(s):

J Trollor ◽

H Brodaty ◽

G Andrews ◽

P Sachdev ◽

T Anderson

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Mental Disorders ◽

Well Being ◽

The Elderly ◽

National Mental Health ◽

Health And Well Being

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Cost-effectiveness evidence of mental health prevention and promotion interventions: A systematic review of economic evaluations

PLoS Medicine ◽

10.1371/journal.pmed.1003606 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (5) ◽

pp. e1003606

Author(s):

Long Khanh-Dao Le ◽

Adrian Cuevas Esturas ◽

Cathrine Mihalopoulos ◽

Oxana Chiotelis ◽

Jessica Bucholc ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Health Promotion ◽

Cost Effectiveness ◽

Mental Disorders ◽

Cost Effective ◽

Well Being ◽

Economic Evaluations ◽

Health Prevention ◽

Value For Money ◽

Health And Well Being

Background The prevention of mental disorders and promotion of mental health and well-being are growing fields. Whether mental health promotion and prevention interventions provide value for money in children, adolescents, adults, and older adults is unclear. The aim of the current study is to update 2 existing reviews of cost-effectiveness studies in this field in order to determine whether such interventions are cost-effective. Methods and findings Electronic databases (including MEDLINE, PsycINFO, CINAHL, and EconLit through EBSCO and Embase) were searched for published cost-effectiveness studies of prevention of mental disorders and promotion of mental health and well-being from 2008 to 2020. The quality of studies was assessed using the Quality of Health Economic Studies Instrument (QHES). The protocol was registered with PROSPERO (# CRD42019127778). The primary outcomes were incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) or return on investment (ROI) ratio across all studies. A total of 65 studies met the inclusion criteria of a full economic evaluation, of which, 23 targeted children and adolescents, 35 targeted adults, while the remaining targeted older adults. A large number of studies focused on prevention of depression and/or anxiety disorders, followed by promotion of mental health and well-being and other mental disorders. Although there was high heterogeneity in terms of the design among included economic evaluations, most studies consistently found that interventions for mental health prevention and promotion were cost-effective or cost saving. The review found that targeted prevention was likely to be cost-effective compared to universal prevention. Screening plus psychological interventions (e.g., cognitive behavioural therapy [CBT]) at school were the most cost-effective interventions for prevention of mental disorders in children and adolescents, while parenting interventions and workplace interventions had good evidence in mental health promotion. There is inconclusive evidence for preventive interventions for mental disorders or mental health promotion in older adults. While studies were of general high quality, there was limited evidence available from low- and middle-income countries. The review was limited to studies where mental health was the primary outcome and may have missed general health promoting strategies that could also prevent mental disorder or promote mental health. Some ROI studies might not be included given that these studies are commonly published in grey literature rather than in the academic literature. Conclusions Our review found a significant growth of economic evaluations in prevention of mental disorders or promotion of mental health and well-being over the last 10 years. Although several interventions for mental health prevention and promotion provide good value for money, the varied quality as well as methodologies used in economic evaluations limit the generalisability of conclusions about cost-effectiveness. However, the finding that the majority of studies especially in children, adolescents, and adults demonstrated good value for money is promising. Research on cost-effectiveness in low-middle income settings is required. Trial registration PROSPERO registration number: CRD42019127778.

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