A Sensory Origin for Color-Word Stroop Effects in Aging: A Meta-Analysis

2009 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. 505-534 ◽  
Author(s):  
Boaz M. Ben-David ◽  
Bruce A. Schneider
Keyword(s):  
Color Word ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Stroop Effects

Stroop Effects in Alzheimer's Disease: Selective Attention Speed of Processing, or Color-naming? A Meta-Analysis

2013 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 923-938 ◽  
Author(s):  
Boaz M. Ben-David ◽  
Anita Tewari ◽  
Vered Shakuf ◽  
Pascal H.H.M. Van Lieshout
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Selective Attention ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Color Naming ◽  
Speed Of Processing ◽  
Stroop Effects

scholarly journals A-27 Stroop Color-Word Interference Test in Alcohol Use Disorder

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (6) ◽  
pp. 886-886
Author(s):  
A Holt ◽  
A Hauson ◽  
P Ujj ◽  
K Reszegi ◽  
N Nemanim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Inhibitory Control ◽  
Alcohol Use Disorder ◽  
Color Word ◽  
Neuropsychological Functioning ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Effect Sizes ◽  
Calculated Effect ◽  
Interference Test ◽  
Axis I

Abstract Objective Poor inhibitory control is a characteristic of Alcohol Use Disorder (AUD) that might be associated with worse treatment outcomes because of its contribution to the likelihood of relapse. One valid and efficient tool to examine inhibitory control is the Stroop Color-Word Interference Test (Stroop inhibition). The purpose of this meta-analysis was to examine the consistency of findings on the Stroop inhibition subtest and its relationship to length of use and duration of abstinence in AUD. Data Selection Three researchers independently searched nine databases (e.g., PsycINFO, Pubmed, ProceedingsFirst), extracted required data, and calculated effect sizes. Inclusion criteria identified studies that had (a) compared participants with AUD to healthy controls and (b) matched groups on either age, education, or IQ. Studies were excluded if participants were reported to have Axis I diagnoses (other than AUD) or comorbidities known to impact neuropsychological functioning. Twelve articles were coded and analyzed for the current study. Data Synthesis Studies comparing AUD to controls showed a medium statistically significant effect size (g = 0.355, p < 0.001) with no heterogeneity (I2 = 0). Length of use and duration of abstinence did not predict effect sizes. Conclusions The Stroop inhibition measure distinguishes between AUD participants and controls. Given the robustness of this finding, the lack of heterogeneity among studies, and the extensive past use of the Stroop to measure inhibitory control; this test should be considered when examining AUD patients. This is especially important when patients exhibit poor inhibition in daily functioning.

ADHD and Stroop interference from age 9 to age 41 years: a meta-analysis of developmental effects

2008 ◽  
Vol 38 (11) ◽  
pp. 1607-1616 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Schwartz ◽  
P. Verhaeghen
Keyword(s):  
Interference Effect ◽  
Color Word ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Stroop Interference ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Maturation Rate ◽  
Stroop Color Word Test ◽  
Reported Data ◽  
The Relationship

BackgroundIn this meta-analysis, we investigated whether response inhibition is sensitive to attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) status and, if so, what influence maturation has on this attentional symptom of ADHD.MethodWe examined 25 studies that reported data on the Stroop color word test in children and adults with ADHD and in age-matched controls; average ages ranged from 9 to 41 years. We utilized a hierarchical approach to analyze the strength of the Stroop effect and whether the effect varies as a function of age. Additionally, we assessed potential differences in maturation rates based on reaction time (RT) of color and color-word conditions.ResultsFirst, we found that the relationship between color-word and color RT was multiplicative, and the slope of this function (the ratio of color-word RT over color RT) was identical across age groups and ADHD status. Second, we found that although ADHD individuals were on average 1.14 times slower than age-matched controls in both the color and the color-word condition, the maturation rate was identical for both groups.ConclusionsThe results from this analysis indicate that the Stroop interference effect is not larger in ADHD individuals than in age-matched controls. Further, we did not find evidence for differential maturation rates for persons with ADHD and the control groups. The Stroop interference effect appears to be immune to age, regardless of ADHD status.

Stroop Effects in Persons with Traumatic Brain Injury: Selective Attention, Speed of Processing, or Color-Naming? A Meta-analysis

2011 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 354-363 ◽  
Author(s):  
Boaz M. Ben-David ◽  
Linh L.T. Nguyen ◽  
Pascal H.H.M. van Lieshout
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Selective Attention ◽  
Sensory Processing ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Color Naming ◽  
Group Differences ◽  
Speed Of Processing ◽  
Font Color ◽  
Stroop Effects

AbstractThe color word Stroop test is the most common tool used to assess selective attention in persons with traumatic brain injury (TBI). A larger Stroop effect for TBI patients, as compared to controls, is generally interpreted as reflecting a decrease in selective attention. Alternatively, it has been suggested that this increase in Stroop effects is influenced by group differences in generalized speed of processing (SOP). The current study describes an overview and meta-analysis of 10 studies, where persons with TBI (N = 324) were compared to matched controls (N= 501) on the Stroop task. The findings confirmed that Stroop interference was significantly larger for TBI groups (p= .008). However, these differences may be strongly biased by TBI-related slowdown in generalized SOP (r2= .81 in a Brinley analysis). We also found that TBI-related changes in sensory processing may affect group differences. Mainly, a TBI-related increase in the latency difference between reading and naming the font color of a color-neutral word (r2= .96) was linked to Stroop effects. Our results suggest that, in using Stroop, it seems prudent to control for both sensory factors and SOP to differentiate potential changes in selective attention from other changes following TBI. (JINS, 2011,17, 354–363)

Interhemispheric Stroop effects in partial and complete agenesis of the corpus callosum

2001 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 302-311 ◽  
Author(s):  
WARREN S. BROWN ◽  
ELLEN D. THRASHER ◽  
LYNN K. PAUL
Keyword(s):  
Corpus Callosum ◽  
Color Word ◽  
Anterior Commissure ◽  
Visual Fields ◽  
Neutral Stimulus ◽  
Stroop Interference ◽  
Color Patch ◽  
Normal Intelligence ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Stroop Effects

Previous research had demonstrated diminished interhemispheric Stroop effects in individuals with agenesis of the corpus callosum (ACC), suggesting an important role for the callosum in interhemispheric color-word and color-patch interactions. However, this outcome rested on the results of only 1 ACC participant, who had normal intelligence and a minimum of other neuropathology. In the research reported herein, the role of the corpus callosum in interhemispheric Stroop interference and facilitation was investigated in 9 individuals with complete or partial ACC and normal intelligence, and in non-ACC controls. Congruent, incongruent, or neutral stimulus pairs were presented either unilaterally (color-patch and color-word in the same visual field) or bilaterally (color-patch and color-word in different visual fields). Both unilateral and bilateral (interhemispheric) Stroop interference were found for both ACC and non-ACC groups, with no significant difference in magnitude, indicating that extracallosal pathways are sufficient for mediating this phenomenon. It is suggested that the anterior commissure is a more likely candidate for the interhemispheric transmission of the semantic information resulting in Stroop interference. (JINS, 2001, 7, 302–311.)

The effects of low-ratio n-6/n-3 PUFA on biomarkers of inflammation: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yali Wei ◽  
Yan Meng ◽  
Na Li ◽  
Qian Wang ◽  
Liyong Chen
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Chain Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid ◽  
Inflammation Markers ◽  
Pufa Supplementation ◽  
Long Chain

The purpose of the systematic review and meta-analysis was to determine if low-ratio n-6/n-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) supplementation affects serum inflammation markers based on current studies.

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