Trends in lifestyle 1986 - 99 in a 25- to 64-year-old population of the Northern Sweden MONICA project

Aims: The authors explore the time trends in lifestyle factors in the Northern Sweden MONICA population, including physical activity, intake of certain foods, coffee and alcohol consumption, smoking, and the use of smokeless tobacco. Methods: Four health surveys during a 14-year time span were compared (1986, 1990, 1994, and 1999). The participation rate in all surveys was high. A questionnaire with similar or comparable questions about lifestyle factors was used across all health surveys. Results: A large variation was demonstrated in the consumption of saturated fat in dairy products across the surveys. The use of butter on bread and of 3% fat milk clearly declined in favour of using low-fat margarine and 1 - 1.5% fat milk. A decline in the intake of boiled or baked potatoes together with an increase in the intake of pasta and rice was demonstrated. There were no changes in leisure-time physical activity. The proportion of the population using tobacco was unaltered. In men, smoking declined during the period but simultaneously there was an increase in the use of smokeless tobacco. The use of ``boiled'' or Scandinavian coffee diminished and more frequent use of alcohol was seen, especially in men. Conclusion: Pronounced changes were seen in food consumption with a decrease in saturated fat intake, boiled coffee, and potatoes and an increase in alcohol, rice, and pasta consumption. No clear time trends were found in physical activity or in the use of tobacco.

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Using multilevel regression and poststratification to estimate physical activity levels from health surveys

10.31236/osf.io/bfv24 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Marina Christofoletti ◽

Tânia R. B. Benedetti ◽

Felipe Goedert Mendes ◽

Humberto M. Carvalho

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Health Surveys ◽

Large Scale ◽

Leisure Time Physical Activity ◽

Health Indicators ◽

Activity Levels ◽

Multilevel Regression ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Single Level ◽

Uncertainty Estimates

Background: Large-scale health surveys often consider sociodemographic characteristics and several health indicators influencing physical activity that often vary across units (regions or states). Data in a survey for some small units are often not representative of the larger population. This study developed a relatively simple multilevel regression and poststratification (MRP) model to estimate the proportion of leisure-time physical activity across Brazilian state capitals, based on the Brazilian cross-sectional national survey VIGITEL (2018). Methods: We used various approaches to evaluate whether the MRP approach outperforms single-level aggregated estimates, with various subsample proportions tested. Results: The mean absolute errors were consistently smaller for the MRP estimates than single-level regression estimates, particularly with smaller sample sizes. MRP consistently had predictions closer to the estimation target than single-level aggregated estimations. MRP presented substantially smaller uncertainty estimates compared to aggregated estimates. Conclusions: Our results confirm that MRP is a promising strategy to derive disaggregated data for health-related outcomes and, in particular, physical activity indicators from aggregated-level surveys. Overall, the MRP is superior to single-level aggregated estimates and disaggregation, yielding smaller errors and more accurate estimates. MRP significantly expands the scope of issues for which researchers can better address participation bias and interpret interactions to estimate descriptive population quantities. The observations present in this study highlight the need for further research, potentially incorporating more information in the models to better interpret interactions and types of activities across target populations.

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Time Trends and Sociodemographic Inequalities in Physical Activity and Sedentary Behaviors Among Brazilian Adults: National Surveys from 2003 to 2019

Journal of Physical Activity and Health ◽

10.1123/jpah.2021-0156 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-10

Author(s):

André O. Werneck ◽

Luciana L. Barboza ◽

Raphael H.O. Araújo ◽

Adewale L. Oyeyemi ◽

Giseli N. Damacena ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Sedentary Behavior ◽

Health Survey ◽

Time Trends ◽

Leisure Time ◽

Leisure Time Physical Activity ◽

Sample Survey ◽

World Health ◽

Tv Viewing ◽

Total Transport

Background: The authors analyzed time trends and sociodemographic inequalities in different physical activity and sedentary behavior domains between 2003 and 2019. Methods: A secondary analysis of data from 5 cross-sectional Brazilian epidemiological surveys (World Health Survey—2003, National Household Sample Survey—2008/2015, and Brazilian Health Survey—2013/2019) conducted among a nationally representative sample of Brazilian adults. The authors used data on different domains of physical activity (leisure, commute, total transport, and total physical activity) and sedentary behavior (TV viewing and other types of screens) that were available in the different surveys. Gender, age group, country region, ethnicity, type of area and city, and quintiles of income and educational achievement were used as sociodemographic correlates. Results: The prevalence of leisure-time physical activity increased over time (2008: 7.0% vs 2019: 26.5%). There was also an increased trend of social inequality in leisure-time physical activity. A trend of reduction was observed for active commuting (2008: 35.0% vs 2019: 21.8%), while total transport physical activity was stable (2013: 49.5% vs 2019: 49.6%). Directions of findings were opposite for sedentary behavior, with reduced trend for >3 hours per day of TV viewing (2008: 34.8% vs 2019: 21.8%) and increased trend for >3 hours per day of other types of screen time (2008: 6.4% vs 2019: 22.2%). Conclusion: A positive trend exists in leisure-time physical activity, but there was also an increase in social inequalities for physical activity in Brazil.

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Leisure-Time Physical Activity, Sedentary Behaviour and Diet Quality are Associated with Metabolic Syndrome Severity: The PREDIMED-Plus Study

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu12041013 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (4) ◽

pp. 1013 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Laura Gallardo-Alfaro ◽

Maria del Mar Bibiloni ◽

Catalina M. Mascaró ◽

Sofía Montemayor ◽

Miguel Ruiz-Canela ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Diet Quality ◽

Dietary Pattern ◽

Severity Score ◽

Leisure Time ◽

Leisure Time Physical Activity ◽

Lifestyle Factors ◽

Depression Symptoms ◽

Depression Risk

Healthy lifestyle factors, such as physical activity (PA) and Mediterranean diet (MD), decrease the likelihood of developing metabolic syndrome (MetS). The aim of this study was to report main lifestyle components and related factors according to the MetS severity. Cross-sectional analysis was done of baseline lifestyle factors from 5739 participants with overweight/obesity and MetS features (aged 55–75 years) included in the PREDIMED-PLUS primary cardiovascular prevention randomized trial. Participants were categorized in tertiles according to a validated MetS severity score (MetSSS). Anthropometrics, visceral adiposity index, dietary nutrient intake, biochemical marker levels, as well as a Dietary Inflammatory Index and depression symptoms (Beck Depression Inventory-II) were measured. Diet quality was assessed using a 17-item energy-restricted MD questionnaire. Duration and intensity of PA was self-reported using the Minnesota-REGICOR Short Physical Activity Questionnaire. Sedentary behaviours were measured using the Spanish version of the Nurses’ Health Study questionnaire. The 30 s chair stand test was also assessed. Participants with highest MetSSS showed higher values of cardiovascular risk factors (except for total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol), depression risk, sedentary and TV viewing time, and lower moderate and vigorous leisure-time physical activity (LTPA). Highest MetSSS participants tended to a pro-inflammatory dietary pattern and tended to lower MD adherence. In addition, they showed lower carbohydrate and nut intake and higher intake of protein, saturated and trans fatty acids, cholesterol, iodine, sodium, red and processed meat products, other oils different from olive oil and spirit alcoholic drinks. The highest MetS severity score was associated with lower moderate and vigorous LTPA and higher sedentary time and depression risk, as they tended to a pro-inflammatory dietary pattern and lower MD adherence.

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Time Trends in Leisure-Time Physical Activity

Epidemiology ◽

10.1097/00001648-199107000-00018 ◽

1991 ◽

Vol 2 (4) ◽

pp. 313-314 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

&NA;

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Time Trends ◽

Leisure Time ◽

Leisure Time Physical Activity

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Are Canadians meeting the guidelines for moderate and vigorous leisure-time physical activity?

Applied Physiology Nutrition and Metabolism ◽

10.1139/h09-060 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 34 (4) ◽

pp. 707-715 ◽

Cited By ~ 20

Author(s):

Shirley N. Bryan ◽

Peter T. Katzmarzyk

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Health Surveys ◽

Leisure Time ◽

Leisure Time Physical Activity ◽

Vigorous Physical Activity ◽

Moderate Intensity ◽

Lower Income ◽

Younger Adults ◽

Vigorous Intensity ◽

Using Data

The purpose of this study was to determine the proportion of Canadian adults (aged 18–55 years) who met the guidelines for moderate and vigorous physical activity set out in Canada’s Physical Activity Guide to Healthy Active Living. Leisure-time physical activity energy expenditure from moderate- and vigorous-intensity activities was calculated using data from the National Population Health Surveys (1994–1998) and the Canadian Community Health Surveys (2001–2007). The prevalence was estimated for no leisure-time physical activity, meeting only the moderate guideline, meeting both the moderate and vigorous guidelines, and meeting the guidelines through a combination of moderate and vigorous activities. Logistic regression was used to determine the odds of meeting the guidelines by various demographic characteristics. The prevalence of no activity did not change appreciably over time, ranging from 6.5% to 10%, depending on the survey year. Reporting of no activity was more prevalent among older adults, those in lower income groups, and those with a body mass index (BMI) ≥30 kg·m–2. Overall, 65% of adults met the guidelines for physical activity in 2007, which has increased from 54% in 1994–1995. Men, younger adults, those with a higher income, and those with a lower BMI more often met the guidelines. Among all subgroups, meeting the guidelines was most often accomplished through participation in moderate-intensity activities. These findings should be considered when designing and implementing public health interventions that promote participation in daily physical activity.

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Regular Leisure Time Physical Activity Predicts High Activity of Tissue Plasminogen Activator: The Northern Sweden MONICA Study

International Journal of Epidemiology ◽

10.1093/ije/25.6.1182 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 25 (6) ◽

pp. 1182-1188 ◽

Cited By ~ 34

Author(s):

M. ELIASSON ◽

K. ASPLUND ◽

P.-E. EVRIN

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

High Activity ◽

Plasminogen Activator ◽

Tissue Plasminogen Activator ◽

Leisure Time ◽

Leisure Time Physical Activity ◽

Northern Sweden ◽

Tissue Plasminogen

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Time Trends in Leisure-Time Physical Activity in the Upper Midwest 1957–1987

Epidemiology ◽

10.1097/00001648-199101000-00003 ◽

1991 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

pp. 8-15 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

David R. Jacobs ◽

Lorraine P. Hahn ◽

Aaron R. Folsom ◽

Peter J. Hannan ◽

J. Michael Sprafka ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Time Trends ◽

Leisure Time ◽

Leisure Time Physical Activity ◽

Upper Midwest

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Metabolic Risk Factors, Leisure Time Physical Activity, and Nutrition in German Children and Adolescents

Cholesterol ◽

10.1155/2012/370850 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 2012 ◽

pp. 1-3 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Gerda-Maria Haas ◽

Evelyn Liepold ◽

Peter Schwandt

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Leisure Time ◽

Leisure Time Physical Activity ◽

International Diabetes Federation ◽

Saturated Fat ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Central Adiposity ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

The Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Low Hdl

Purpose. We assessed the five components of the metabolic syndrome (MetS) as defined by the International Diabetes Federation (IDF) in 6040 (3158 males) youths aged 6–16 years who participated in the Präventions-Erziehungs-Programm (PEP Family Heart Study) in Nuernberg between 2000 and 2007. The purpose of this cross-sectional study was to examine associations with lifestyle habits. Results and Discussion. The prevalence of MetS was low in children (1.6%) and adolescents (2.3%). High waist circumference (WC) and low HDL-C were slightly higher in females (9.5% and 7.5%, resp.) than in males (8.8% and 5.7%, resp.). Low leisure time physical activity (LTPA) was significantly associated with low HDL-C (odds ratio [OR] 2.4; 95% CI 1.2–5.0) and inversely associated with hypertension (), hypertriglyceridemia (), and central adiposity (). The risk for low HDL-C (≤1.3 mmol/L) was 1.7-fold (CI 1.0–2.6) higher in youth with high (≥33%) saturated fat consumption. A low polyunsaturated/saturated fat ratio (P/S ratio) was significantly associated with fasting hyperglycemia (OR 1.4; 95% CI 1.0–1.2).

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