scholarly journals The use of legal and social sanctions as a norming influence on texting while driving

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Hyang-Sook Kim ◽  
Weirui Wang
Keyword(s):  
Social Sanctions ◽  
Texting While Driving

Texting While Driving and Other Use of Digital Technology Leading to Distraction and Risk

2020 ◽  
pp. 250-258
Author(s):  
Susan B. Varga ◽  
Federico E. Vaca
Keyword(s):  
Mobile Phones ◽  
Digital Technology ◽  
Distracted Driving ◽  
Navigation Systems ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Young Drivers ◽  
Texting While Driving ◽  
Fatal Crashes ◽  
Safety And Health ◽  
Health Studies

Advances in technology have dramatically influenced and changed the world of transportation in countless way. While many improvements have been realized with the help of technology in this area, negative consequences, like distracted driving, continue to be formidable challenges to the public’s safety and health. Studies have demonstrated that mobile phones, built-in navigation systems, and other in-vehicle–related entertainment/information technology (infotainment) have contributed to distracted driving, leading to increased morbidity and mortality, especially among the youth. Today, the ubiquitous use of mobile phones while driving has led to major increases of distracted driving, with some attribution to injury and fatal crashes, particularly among young drivers.

scholarly journals Bringing tax avoiders to light: moral framing and shaming in a public goods experiment

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-24
Author(s):  
Stefanos A. Tsikas
Keyword(s):  
Public Goods ◽  
Public Good ◽  
Social Dilemmas ◽  
Tax Avoidance ◽  
Social Contagion ◽  
Public Goods Game ◽  
Free Riders ◽  
Social Sanctions ◽  
Moral Framing ◽  
Public Goods Experiment

Abstract With a linear public goods game played in six different variants, this article studies two channels that might moderate social dilemmas and increase cooperation without using pecuniary incentives: moral framing and shaming. We find that cooperation is increased when noncontributing to a public good is framed as morally debatable and socially harmful tax avoidance, while the mere description of a tax context has no effect. However, without social sanctions in place, cooperation quickly deteriorates due to social contagion. We find ‘shaming’ free-riders by disclosing their misdemeanor to act as a strong social sanction, irrespective of the context in which it is applied. Moralizing tax avoidance significantly reinforces shaming, compared with a simple tax context.

Mind in eBay, body in Macy’s

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 288-304 ◽  
Author(s):  
Syagnik Banerjee ◽  
Phil Longstreet
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Worlds ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Mobile Technologies ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Physical Context ◽  
Texting While Driving ◽  
Physical Environments ◽  
Routine Tasks ◽  
Media Reports ◽  
And Performance

Purpose With the ubiquitous diffusion of mobile-enabled internet, individuals are constantly immersed in both virtual and physical environments. While this causes distractions, lower attention spans and disasters such as texting while driving and walking, it also creates synergies and smoother navigational experiences. Technology developers, marketers and policy-makers are both concerned and intrigued to understand how to deploy these mobile technologies so as to optimize their disruptive impact. In this paper, the authors aim to develop a framework of dual consciousness to understand the potential causes and outcomes of individual’s simultaneous presence in physical and virtual worlds. Design/methodology/approach A careful review of past academic literature on behavior, as well as media reports of incidents of disruptions, led the authors to construct a 2 × 2 framework depicting behaviors that indicated high-low consciousness in physical, as well as virtual worlds. Findings In dual environments, individuals either dissociate from one of the environments or integrate both environments. While the former is driven by the multiplicity of irrelevant roles and goals, oblivion of relevant roles, perception of group norms and performance of practiced routine tasks, the latter is driven by strong executive control processes, focused singular goals and usage of the virtual environment to reinforce their physical tasks. The most affected parties are retailers, service providers, digital marketers and social media marketers. Originality/value Most prior research in interactive marketing examine effects of online stimuli on online behavior. This paper identifies the noise created by physical context on clicks as well as the interference created by virtual stimuli on physical purchases and service experiences.

scholarly journals Women are more likely to expect social sanctions for open defecation: Evidence from Tamil Nadu India

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinyi Kuang ◽  
Sania Ashraf ◽  
Alex Shpenev ◽  
Maryann G. Delea ◽  
Upasak Das ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Perceived Risk ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Community Members ◽  
Open Defecation ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Peer Monitoring ◽  
Social Sanctions ◽  
Field Evidence ◽  
Desirable Behavior

Social sanctions can be effective for sustaining beneficial norms by harnessing the power of social pressure and peer monitoring. Yet, field evidence regarding how norms might be linked to perceived risk of sanction is limited. In this study, we focused on communities located in peri-urban areas of Tamil Nadu, India, and examined how people’s perceived prevalence of a socially desirable behavior (i.e., toilet use) relates to the perceived risk of sanctions for deviating from this behavior (i.e., open defecation) in the sanitation domain. Cross-sectional data from 2427 participants in 75 communities revealed that the majority (77%, n = 1861) perceived the risk of informal sanctions related to open defecation. Among those, verbal reprimand was the most common (60%), followed by advice (30%) and gossip (7%). Results from multilevel logistic regression indicated that those who believed toilet use was prevalent in their community were more likely to perceive the risk of social sanctions for open defecation. Moderation analysis revealed that this relationship was robust among women, but attenuated among men. Our findings suggest that women are more likely to expect social sanctions if they deviate from what is perceived as the prevalent sanitation behavior (e.g., toilet use) in their community. Open defecation practices are known to cause psychosocial stress among women due to their experiences with sanitation insecurity, which may include fear of disapproval from community members. Our results highlight the need for gendered intervention strategies when sanitation programs leverage social influence for behavior change.

Is Rule of Law an Equilibrium Without (Some) Private Enforcement?

Privatization ◽  
2018 ◽  
pp. 246-275
Author(s):  
Gillian K. Hadfield ◽  
Barry R. Weingast
Keyword(s):  
Recent Work ◽  
Rule Of Law ◽  
Legal System ◽  
Use Of Force ◽  
Private Enforcement ◽  
Voluntary Participation ◽  
The Rule Of Law ◽  
Social Sanctions ◽  
Enforcement Authority ◽  
Social Orders

This chapter argue against the presumptive priority of government even in the domain of law: in recent work, the authors have developed a framework for analyzing law in which they suggest that the main distinction between legal and other social orders is the presence of an entity capable of changing rules. But an equilibrium in which these rules generate compliance does not require a centralized enforcement authority; indeed, the authors argue that fully centralized enforcement is in fact incapable of sustaining an equilibrium characterized by rule of law. Rather, the need to coordinate and incentivize voluntary participation under decentralized enforcement yields the normatively attractive legal attributes associated with the rule of law, and the authors draw on classical Athens to illustrate this model. On their account, private enforcement – in the sense of social sanctions and exclusion, limited use of force, and cooperation with authorized enforcers – are essential for a legal system to achieve the rule of law..

SOCIAL SANCTIONS IN CLASSICAL ATHENS

2017 ◽  
pp. 99-110
Author(s):  
ADRIAAN LANNI
Keyword(s):  
Social Sanctions

Are Social Marketing Investments Used as a Tool for Voluntary Reporting or Disclosure?

2019 ◽  
pp. 597-609
Author(s):  
Tugba Ucma Uysal ◽  
Ganite Kurt ◽  
Ali Naci Karabulut
Keyword(s):  
Social Marketing ◽  
Sustainability Reporting ◽  
Business Practices ◽  
Behavioral Patterns ◽  
Global Level ◽  
Voluntary Reporting ◽  
Process Of Change ◽  
Social Sanctions ◽  
Per Se ◽  
Marketing Investments

The need to respond to a number of issues that are experienced due to increasing population at the global level and volume of production have resulted in the development of new corporate behavioral patterns of enterprises. It is possible to say that the process of change in question constitutes new milestones both in terms of reporting and marketing. The chapter emphasizes a social marketing and sustainability reporting that includes social sanctions per se which are based on voluntariness and which are being applied by enterprises to express themselves within the scope of daily business practices, and exemplifying cases are being presented regarding the utilization of social marketing investments of organizations in terms of voluntary reporting and disclosure.

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