Analysis Methods for Natural and Hybrid Ventilation - a Critical Literature Review and Recent Developments

This research study provides the first comprehensive and critical literature review of K–12 Filipina/o American curricula found in formal and informal educational settings. Thirty-three Filipina/o American curricula representing a diverse array of authors, audiences, content, and pedagogical approaches were reviewed. The authors of this study developed a “Critical Framework of Review” rooted in critical pedagogy in order to analyze the historical development of Filipina/o American curricula along with an analysis of major topics, concepts, guiding theoretical frameworks, pedagogical approaches, and outcomes. The review concludes with a discussion and summary of the overarching themes of Filipina/o curricular content, instruction, and impact gained from this study and recommendations for the application, development, distribution, and research of more Filipina/o American K–12 curriculum resources.

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Keeping Dairy Cows for Longer: A Critical Literature Review on Dairy Cow Longevity in High Milk-Producing Countries

Animals ◽

10.3390/ani11030808 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (3) ◽

pp. 808

Author(s):

Gabriel M. Dallago ◽

Kevin M. Wade ◽

Roger I. Cue ◽

J T. McClure ◽

René Lacroix ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Literature Review ◽

Dairy Cow ◽

Animal Health ◽

Current Status ◽

Dairy Farmers ◽

Age At First Calving ◽

Productive Life ◽

Use Of Resources ◽

Animal Remains ◽

Critical Literature

The ability of dairy farmers to keep their cows for longer could positively enhance the economic performance of the farms, reduce the environmental footprint of the milk industry, and overall help in justifying a sustainable use of animals for food production. However, there is little published on the current status of cow longevity and we hypothesized that a reason may be a lack of standardization and an over narrow focus of the longevity measure itself. The objectives of this critical literature review were: (1) to review metrics used to measure dairy cow longevity; (2) to describe the status of longevity in high milk-producing countries. Current metrics are limited to either the length of time the animal remains in the herd or if it is alive at a given time. To overcome such a limitation, dairy cow longevity should be defined as an animal having an early age at first calving and a long productive life spent in profitable milk production. Combining age at first calving, length of productive life, and margin over all costs would provide a more comprehensive evaluation of longevity by covering both early life conditions and the length of time the animal remains in the herd once it starts to contribute to the farm revenues, as well as the overall animal health and quality of life. This review confirms that dairy cow longevity has decreased in most high milk-producing countries over time and its relationship with milk yield is not straight forward. Increasing cow longevity by reducing involuntary culling would cut health costs, increase cow lifetime profitability, improve animal welfare, and could contribute towards a more sustainable dairy industry while optimizing dairy farmers’ efficiency in the overall use of resources available.

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Recent Developments in the Modelling of Transformer Windings

Energies ◽

10.3390/en14102798 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (10) ◽

pp. 2798

Author(s):

Konstanty M. Gawrylczyk ◽

Szymon Banaszak

Keyword(s):

Literature Review ◽

Research And Development ◽

Frequency Response ◽

Input Data ◽

Recent Developments ◽

Modelling Techniques ◽

Lumped Parameters ◽

Wave Phenomena ◽

Modelling Methods ◽

Direct Calculations

The paper provides a review of the modelling techniques used to simulate the frequency response of transformer windings. The aim of the research and development of modelling methods was to analyze the influence of deformations and faults in the windings on the changes in the frequency response. All described methods are given with examples of the modelling results performed by the authors of this paper and from literature sources. The research is prefaced with a thorough literature review. There are described models based on lumped parameters with input data coming from direct calculations based on the winding geometry and obtained from FEM modelling software and models considering the wave phenomena in the windings. The analysis was also performed for practical problems in winding modelling: the influence of windings other than the modelled one and the influence of parallel wires in a winding.

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Global media flows: A qualitative review of research methods in audio-visual flow studies

International Communication Gazette ◽

10.1177/1748048518808650 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 81 (6-8) ◽

pp. 748-767

Author(s):

Catalina Iordache ◽

Leo Van Audenhove ◽

Jan Loisen

Keyword(s):

Data Analysis ◽

Data Collection ◽

Literature Review ◽

Research Question ◽

Secondary Data ◽

Visual Content ◽

Global Media ◽

Film And Television ◽

Recent Developments ◽

Media Flows

Recent developments in the online distribution and consumption of audio-visual content have brought relevant changes to the transnational flow of content. Thus, the need for a theoretical and methodological rejuvenation of flows research has been signalled. The aim of the present study is to analyse the different flow studies throughout time, following a series of parameters such as research question, methodology and scale of study. This article is a systematic literature review of 30 flow studies on film and television programmes, published between 1974 and 2014. The methods used by the studies are brought into focus and discussed thoroughly, in light of the method of data collection, the type of data used and the method of data analysis. Main findings show an evolution towards more detailed research, to include more contextual factors, an increased use of secondary data, as well as more focused regional and comparative studies.

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