Beyond solar radiation management – the strategic role of low-cost photovoltaics in solar energy production

2013 ◽  
Vol 34 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 211-220
Author(s):  
Felix Hermerschmidt ◽  
Panayiotis D. Pouloupatis ◽  
George Partasides ◽  
Andreas Lizides ◽  
Stella Hadjiyiannakou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Solar Energy ◽  
Energy Production ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Solar Radiation Management ◽  
Strategic Role ◽  
Radiation Management

The role of solar energy in the drying of vine fruit

1962 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 662 ◽  
Author(s):  
BW Wilson
Keyword(s):  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Solar Energy ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Simultaneous Measurements ◽  
Air Temperatures ◽  
Natural Energy ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
Grape Skins ◽  
Energy Absorbers

In Australia grapes are dried almost exclusively by natural energy on tiered racks usually sheltered by an iron roof. Under these conditions it was shown that there is a close relationship between direct solar radiation and rate of drying. Wavelengths of 0.7 to 0.9 µ, which are abundant in sunlight, penetrated grape skins, particularly after (cold) dipping treatments, and temperatures within the grapes in excess of 8°C above air temperatures were frequently recorded. The quantity of water evaporated from grapes on a weighed drying rack approximated closely to estimates based on simultaneous measurements of solar radiation. The efficiency of tiered drying racks was superior to that of two types of low cost air driers in which solar energy absorbers were used.

scholarly journals Scale Invariant Turbulence and Gibbs Free Energy in the Atmosphere

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adrian F. Tuck
Keyword(s):  
Free Energy ◽  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Gibbs Free Energy ◽  
Open System ◽  
Scale Invariance ◽  
Aerosol Particles ◽  
Solar Radiation Management ◽  
Scale Invariant ◽  
Radiation Management

A method of calculating the Gibbs Free Energy (Exergy) for the Earth’s atmosphere using statistical multifractality — scale invariance - is described, and examples given of its application to the stratosphere, including a methodology for extension to aerosol particles. The role of organic molecules in determining the radiative transfer characteristics of aerosols is pointed out. These methods are discussed in the context of the atmosphere as an open system far from chemical and physical equilibrium, and used to urge caution in deploying “solar radiation management”.

The Controversial One

2021 ◽  
pp. 196-227
Author(s):  
Eelco J. Rohling
Keyword(s):  
Global Warming ◽  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Solar Energy ◽  
Solar Radiation Management ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Earth’S Atmosphere ◽  
Solar Geoengineering ◽  
Earth's Atmosphere ◽  
Earth’S Climate ◽  
Radiation Management

This chapter considers solar radiation management, also known as solar geoengineering, which seeks to manipulate Earth’s climate energy balance by reducing the absorption of incoming solar energy. As the chapter explains, this approach spans a class of proposed measures that has been polarizing the community, with some advocating it as an essential means of keeping global warming within acceptable limits, while others see only grave drawbacks and dangers. The chapter describes the two approaches to limiting the absorption of solar energy: measures taken in space, between Earth and the Sun, to reflect or disperse solar radiation before it even hits Earth’s atmosphere; and measures taken in Earth’s atmosphere or at the Earth’s surface to reflect incoming solar radiation. It goes on to discuss the various proposed methods, their potential, and their drawbacks.

scholarly journals Distributed governance of Solar Radiation Management geoengineering: A possible solution to SRM’s “free-driver” problem?

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 551-556
Author(s):  
Andrew Lockley
Keyword(s):  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
National Research Council ◽  
Solar Radiation Management ◽  
Side Payments ◽  
Governance Model ◽  
Human Modeling ◽  
Governance Challenges ◽  
Rapid Temperature ◽  
Radiation Management

Abstract Geoengineering (deliberate climate modification) is a possible way to limit Anthropogenic Global Warming (AGW) (Shepherd, 2009; National Research Council, 2015). Solar Radiation Management geoengineering (SRM) offers relatively inexpensive, rapid temperature control. However, this low cost leads to a risk of controversial unilateral intervention—the “free-driver” problem (Weitzman, 2015). Consequently, this creates a risk of counter-geoengineering (deliberate warming) (Parker et al., 2018), resulting in governance challenges (Svoboda, 2017) akin to an arms race. Free-driver deployment scenarios previously considered include the rogue state, Greenfinger (Bodansky, 2013), or power blocs (Ricke et al., 2013), implying disagreement and conflict. We propose a novel distributed governance model of consensually-constrained unilateralism: Countries’ authority is limited to each state’s fraction of the maximum realistic intervention (e.g., pre-industrial temperature). We suggest a division of authority based on historical emissions (Rocha et al., 2015)—noting alternatives (e.g., population). To aid understanding, we offer an analogue: An over-heated train carriage, with passenger-controlled windows. We subsequently discuss the likely complexities, notably Coasian side-payments. Finally, we suggest further research: Algebraic, bot and human modeling; and observational studies.

scholarly journals The role of L/W in the solar radiation for Saharian cities

2019 ◽  
Vol 91 ◽  
pp. 05006
Author(s):  
Rami Qaoud ◽  
Alkama Djamal
Keyword(s):  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Solar Energy ◽  
Energy Levels ◽  
Direct Solar Radiation ◽  
Test Field ◽  
Natural Lighting ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

The urban fabric of the desert cities is based on the principle of reducing the impact of urban canyons on direct solar radiation. Here comes this research, which is based on a comparative study of the periods of direct solarisation and values of the solar energy of urban canyons via two urban fabrics that have different building densities, where the ratio between L/W is different. In order to obtain the real values of the solar energy (thermal, lighting), the test field was examined every two hours, each three consecutive days. The measurement stations are positioned by the three types of the relationship between L/W, (L≥2w, L=w, L≤0.5w). According to the results, we noticed and recorded the difference in the periods of direct solarization between the types of urban engineering canyons, reaching 6 hours a day, the difference in thermal values of air, reaching 4 °C, and the difference in periods of direct natural lighting, reaching 6 hours. It should be noted that the role of the relationship between L/W is to protect the urban canyons by reducing the impact of direct solar radiation on urban canyons, providing longer hours of shading, and reducing solar energy levels (thermal, lighting) at the urban canyons. This research is classified under the research axis (the studies of external spaces in the urban environment according to the bioclimatic approach and geographic approach). But this research aims to focus on the tracking and studying the distribution of the solar radiation - thermal radiation and lighting radiation - in different types of street canyons by comparing the study of the direct solarization periods of each type and the quantity of solar energy collected during the solarization periods.

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