Assessing the Impact of American Indian Peer Recovery Support on Substance Use and Health

There are several challenges adolescents face on a daily basis, and this is particularly true for American Indian adolescents, where rates of substance use and trauma are high. Due to the significant gaps in research focusing on American Indian adolescents and client-centered interventions, it is difficult to determine what might serve as the best format for providing services. Furthermore, cultural identity can play a major role for American Indian adolescents receiving treatment for substance use and cooccurring disorders. Research has proven that incorporating culturally- and trauma-specific interventions into the treatment milieu can decrease the potential for relapse. However, understanding the complexities of substance use, cultural identity, and trauma for American Indian adolescents can be a daunting task for many rehabilitation professionals. This article explores the impact of substance use, culture, and trauma on the lives of American Indian adolescents and implications for rehabilitation professionals when working with AI clients/consumers. Gaining an understanding regarding how substance use, culture, and trauma affect the lives of American Indian adolescents is vital for the development of culturallyrelevant and appropriate interventions.

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Understanding American Indian Youth in Residential Recovery from Substance Use Disorder: Risk and Protective Experiences and Perceived Recovery Support

American Indian and Alaska Native Mental Health Research ◽

10.5820/aian.2801.2021.39 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 28 (1) ◽

pp. 39-70

Author(s):

Debi LaPlante ◽

Martina Whelshula ◽

Heather Gray ◽

Sarah Nelson

Keyword(s):

Substance Use ◽

American Indian ◽

Substance Use Disorder ◽

American Indian Youth ◽

Recovery Support ◽

Disorder Risk

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Improvement in psychological wellbeing among adolescents with a substance use disorder attending an outpatient treatment programme

Irish Journal of Psychological Medicine ◽

10.1017/ipm.2021.6 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-8

Author(s):

N.M. Gamage ◽

C. Darker ◽

B.P. Smyth

Keyword(s):

Substance Use ◽

Psychological Symptoms ◽

Significant Proportion ◽

Cannabis Use ◽

Psychological Wellbeing ◽

Substance Use Treatment ◽

Disruptive Behaviour ◽

Treatment Programme ◽

The Impact

Objectives: Adolescents with substance use disorders (SUDs) exhibit high rates of comorbid psychological problems. This study aimed to examine the impact of an outpatient substance use treatment programme upon the psychological wellbeing of adolescents. Methods: A prospective study was carried out examining psychological symptoms in a group of adolescents attending the Youth Drug and Alcohol (YoDA) Addiction Service in Dublin. Participants were treated with evidenced based psychological models such as cognitive behavioural therapy, motivational interviewing and systemic family therapy. The Becks Youth Inventory was utilised to assess psychological symptoms at treatment entry and repeated three months later at follow up. Results: Among 36 adolescents who were included in this study, poly-substance misuse was the norm. Almost three-quarter had a cannabis use disorder (CUD). There were significant reductions in mean subscale scores of depression (56.0 to 50.8, p = 0.003), anger (55.2 to 49.5, p < 0.001) and disruptive behaviour (61.6 to 56.5, p = 0.002) at follow up. Although there wasn’t a statistically significant reduction in mean scores for anxiety, we observed a significant proportion of participants (p = 0.008) improving and moving out of a moderate to severe symptom range when examined by category. This was also the case for self-concept (p = 0.04). Furthermore this study revealed a positive correlation between the reduction in days of cannabis use and reduction in depressive scores (Pearson correlation 0.49, p = 0.01) among those with a CUD. Conclusion: The findings indicate that substance use treatment for adolescents is associated with important psychological and behavioural improvements.

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The impact of power dynamics when counselling clients with problematic substance use

Psychotherapy and Politics International ◽

10.1002/ppi.1572 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Louise Wilson

Keyword(s):

Substance Use ◽

Power Dynamics ◽

Problematic Substance Use ◽

Problematic Substance ◽

The Impact

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The impact of poly-traumatization on treatment outcomes in young people with substance use disorders

BMC Psychiatry ◽

10.1186/s12888-021-03129-x ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Sidsel Karsberg ◽

Morten Hesse ◽

Michael Mulbjerg Pedersen ◽

Ruby Charak ◽

Mads Uffe Pedersen

Keyword(s):

Substance Use ◽

Substance Use Disorders ◽

Psychological Trauma ◽

Well Being ◽

Traumatic Experiences ◽

Treatment Entry ◽

Trauma Types ◽

Using Data ◽

The Impact ◽

Drug Use Disorder

Abstract Background It is believed that clients with psychological trauma experiences have a poor prognosis with regard to treatment participation and outcomes for substance use disorders. However, knowledge on the effect of the number of trauma experiences is scarce. Methods Using data from drug use disorder (DUD) treatment in Denmark, we assessed the impact of having experienced multiple potentially traumatic experiences on DUD treatment efficacy. Baseline and follow-up data from 775 young participants (mean age = 20.2 years, standard deviation = 2.6) recruited at nine treatment centers were included in analyses. Results Analyses showed that participants who were exposed multiple trauma experiences also reported a significantly higher intake of cannabis at treatment entry, and a lower well-being score than participants who reported less types or no types of victimization experiences. During treatment, patients with multiple types of trauma experiences showed a slower rate of reduction of cannabis than patients with few or no trauma experiences. The number of trauma types was not associated with number of sessions attended or the development of well-being in treatment. Conclusion Overall, the results show that although traumatized youth in DUD treatment show up for treatment, helping them to reduce substance use during treatment is uniquely challenging. Trial registration ISRCTN88025085, date of registration: 29.08.2016, retrospectively registered.

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Factors Associated With Cannabis Use During the Reproductive Cycle: A Retrospective Cross-Sectional Study of Women in States With Recreational and Medical Cannabis Legalization

Maternal and Child Health Journal ◽

10.1007/s10995-021-03197-1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Danica Loralyn Taylor ◽

Janice F. Bell ◽

Susan L. Adams ◽

Christiana Drake

Keyword(s):

Substance Use ◽

Prenatal Care ◽

Post Partum ◽

Cannabis Use ◽

Provider Education ◽

Substance Use Prevention ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Factors Associated ◽

Adequacy Of Prenatal Care ◽

The Impact

Abstract Introduction Passage of cannabis laws may impact cannabis use and the use of other substances. The suggested association is of particular concern in pregnant women where exposure to substances can cause harm to both the pregnant woman and fetus. The present study contributes to the minimal literature on factors associated with cannabis use during the preconception, prenatal, and postpartum periods including state legalization status, concurrent use of tobacco and e-cigarettes and adequacy of prenatal care. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional analysis using combined survey data from the 2016–2018 Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System (PRAMS) collected from 36,391 women. Logistic regression was used to estimate the impact of state-legalization, adequacy of prenatal care, and other substance use on cannabis use during the preconception, prenatal, and post-partum periods. Results In the preconception model, residence in a recreationally legal state (OR: 2.37; 95% CI, 2.04–2.75) or medically legal state (OR:3.32; 95% CI, 2.90–3.80) compared to a non-legal state was associated with higher odds of cannabis use. In the prenatal model, residence in a recreationally legal state was associated with higher odds of cannabis use (OR: 1.51; 95% CI, 1.29–1.79) whereas there was no association with residence in a medically legal state. Tobacco use including e-cigarettes and moderate prenatal alcohol use were also significantly associated with cannabis use. Conclusion Recreational cannabis legalization is associated with the use of cannabis prior to, during, and after pregnancy. Renewed clinical and policy efforts may be warranted to update prenatal substance use prevention programs, educational campaigns, and provider education as cannabis legalization evolves.

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Substance use and misuse in psychiatric wards

Psychiatric Bulletin ◽

10.1192/pb.24.2.43 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 24 (2) ◽

pp. 43-46 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Richard Williams ◽

Jeff Cohen

Keyword(s):

Substance Use ◽

General Trend ◽

Drug Misuse ◽

Socially Disadvantaged ◽

The World ◽

The Impact

Substance use has reached endemic proportions. Inevitably, the world of psychiatric wards must reflect issues arising in our society. Given that the populations of psychiatric wards are disproportionately younger, male and socially disadvantaged (quite apart from the impact of patients' problems that prompt admission), one might expect that drug misuse in them would match, if not outstrip, the general trend. Recognition of its impact is a key issue for patients and staff alike.

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The impact of intolerance of emotional distress and uncertainty on veterans with co-occurring PTSD and substance use disorders

Journal of Anxiety Disorders ◽

10.1016/j.janxdis.2016.03.003 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 41 ◽

pp. 73-81 ◽

Cited By ~ 34

Author(s):

Anne N. Banducci ◽

Sarah J. Bujarski ◽

Marcel O. Bonn-Miller ◽

Amee Patel ◽

Kevin M. Connolly

Keyword(s):

Substance Use ◽

Substance Use Disorders ◽

Emotional Distress ◽

The Impact

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Improving lives not just saying no to substances: Evaluating outcomes for a young people’s substance use team trained in the AMBIT approach

Clinical Child Psychology and Psychiatry ◽

10.1177/1359104521994875 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 26 (2) ◽

pp. 490-504

Author(s):

Peter Fuggle ◽

Laura Talbot ◽

James Wheeler ◽

Jessica Rees ◽

Emily Ventre ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Substance Use ◽

Alcohol Use ◽

Young People ◽

Peer Relationships ◽

Functional Outcomes ◽

Daily Living ◽

Mental Health Problems ◽

Integrative Therapy ◽

The Impact

Adaptive Mentalization Based Integrative Therapy (AMBIT) is a systemic, mentalization based intervention designed for young people with multiple problems including mental health problems. The purpose of this paper is to examine the impact of this approach both on clinical and functional outcomes for young people seen by a specialist young people’s substance use service between 2015 and 2018. About 499 cases were seen by the service during this period. Substance use outcomes were obtained for 383 cases using the Treatment Outcome Profile (TOP). Cannabis and alcohol use were the key substance use problems for 81% and 63% respectively. Functional outcomes using the AMBIT Integrative Measure (AIM) were obtained for 100 cases covering domains of daily living, socio-economic context, peer relationships and mental health. At treatment end, cannabis use reduced significantly ( t = 10.78; df = 311; p = .00; Cohen’s d ES.61 as did alcohol use ( t = 6.938; df = 242; p = .000; ES 0.44). Functional improvements were shown in five out of seven domains with highly significant total functional improvements on key problems selected by the client ( t = 14.01; df = 99; p = .000; ES1.34). Measuring functional as well as clinical outcomes appears to reflect more accurately the overall benefit of the service to clients.

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