Nutritional status of HIV-infected adults on antiretroviral therapy and the impact of nutritional supplementation in the Northern Cape Province, South Africa

The study determined the nutritional status of adult antiretroviral therapy (ART) recipients, and investigated the association between the duration on ART and the nutritional status. This study was based in primary health facilities in Gauteng, South Africa. The data collected included sociodemographic variables; the duration of the treatment; and the body mass index (BMI), classified as undernutrition (<18.5 kg/m2), normal (18.5–24.9 kg/m2), or overweight/obesity (≥25 kg/m2). ART recipients (n = 480) had a mean age of 35 (± 8.4SD) years. All had taken ART for six months or more (range 6–48 months). The data were analyzed using STATA 13.0. The overall prevalence of overweight/obesity was 39%, it was higher in females (46%) than in males (30%), 26% were overweight, and 13% were obese. Underweight was 13%, and was higher in males (18%) than females (9%). Being overweight was more likely in those aged ≥35 years and those in smaller households. Being obese was less likely in males, in the employed, and in those with a higher income, but was more likely in those with a longer duration on ART. Abdominal obesity was high, but less likely in males. Interventions to prevent overweight/obesity should be integrated into routine HIV care, while at the same time addressing the burden of undernutrition among ART recipients.

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Intersectoral (in)activity: towards an understanding of public sector department links between water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) and childhood undernutrition in South Africa

Health Policy and Planning ◽

10.1093/heapol/czaa028 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 35 (7) ◽

pp. 829-841 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

D J Momberg ◽

P Mahlangu ◽

B C Ngandu ◽

J May ◽

S A Norris ◽

...

Keyword(s):

South Africa ◽

Public Sector ◽

Nutritional Status ◽

Physical Growth ◽

Human Right ◽

Poor Child ◽

Middle Income ◽

Sanitation And Hygiene ◽

Nutritional Status Of Children ◽

The Impact

Abstract Associations between different forms of malnutrition and environmental conditions, including water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH), contribute to poor child health, nutritional status and physical growth. The primary responsibility for the provision of water and sanitation, as a basic service and human right, lies with the State, as such, a number of stakeholders are involved. Despite relatively high levels of WASH infrastructure coverage in South Africa, enteric infections and stunting remain high for a middle-income country. The aim of this study is to elucidate the landscape of WASH in South Africa in relation to nutritional status of children under the age of 5 years in the South African, Gauteng and City of Johannesburg contexts. The authors detailed the national and provincial public sector departments and through purposive sampling proceeded to map the various departments and associated policies that are responsible for the provision of WASH facilities, as well the nutritional status of children. Of the six policies identified for review, three mentioned WASH, nutrition and children; however, none explicitly linked WASH to nutritional status in children. An in-depth review and analysis of these three crucial policy documents was conducted. Finally, a set of expert interviews were conducted and a consensus development conference convened, with experts at the intersection between WASH and nutritional status. The authors found that the public sector would benefit from better integration of the concept of WASH into their policy, planning and implementation frameworks. The WASH sector should emphasize the role in which WASH plans consider the impact of WASH on the nutritional status of children. The various public sector departments involved in WASH service provision, and other WASH stakeholders, including community-based organizations, non-governmental organizations and intergovernmental organizations, should be involved in the decision-making of the nutrition sector.

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THE IMPACT OF AERIAL APPLICATION OF ORGANOPHOSPHATES ON THE CHOLINESTERASE LEVELS OF RURAL RESIDENTS IN THE VAALHARTS DISTRICT, NORTHERN CAPE, SOUTH AFRICA.

Epidemiology ◽

10.1097/00001648-200509000-00044 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 16 (5) ◽

pp. S24

Author(s):

M A. Dalvie ◽

L London

Keyword(s):

South Africa ◽

Aerial Application ◽

Rural Residents ◽

Northern Cape ◽

The Impact

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Clinico-immunological profile and outcome of antiretroviral therapy in HIV-positive children

Public Health Nutrition ◽

10.1017/s1368980011003181 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 15 (8) ◽

pp. 1442-1445 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Nidhi Choudhary ◽

Sunil Gomber ◽

Manish Narang

Keyword(s):

Antiretroviral Therapy ◽

Nutritional Status ◽

Short Stature ◽

Clinical Status ◽

Hiv Positive ◽

Who Guidelines ◽

First Line ◽

Immunological Profile ◽

Control And Prevention ◽

The Impact

AbstractObjectivesTo study the clinico-immunological, nutritional and growth characteristics of HIV-infected children and the impact of antiretroviral therapy (ART) on these parameters.DesignRetrospective study.SettingOut-patient department of a paediatric ART centre, Delhi, India.SubjectsHIV-positive children registered at the paediatric ART centre of the hospital were enrolled (n 130). Anthropometric measurements were used to classify children into the type of malnutrition according to definitions of the WHO and US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Clinical and immunological status of the children was recorded as per WHO guidelines. First-line ART was started based on guidelines of the National AIDS Control Organization. Nutritional status and clinico-immunological characteristics were followed up annually in children receiving ART.ResultsOf children ≤5 years of age (n 54), stunting was noted in 42·5 % contrary to wasting seen in only 12·9 %. In children >5 years of age (n 76), short stature (40·7 %) and underweight (39·4 %) were seen in almost equal proportions. Asymptomatic presentation was noted in 60·0 %. Following ART, a reduction in wasting was noted in 75·0 % of children ≤5 years of age, whereas only 44·4 % of underweight children >5 years of age showed an improvement after therapy. Stunting and short stature continued to persist in all in children (≤5 years and >5 years, respectively). Clinico-immunologically, 67·5 % improved in clinical status and 62·5 % showed immunological improvement.ConclusionsART improves the acute parameters of nutritional status like wasting. It also improves the clinical outcome and restores the immune system. At present first-line ART is effective in HIV-positive children.

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Reevaluating the Health and Nutritional Status of Maize-Dependent Populations: Evidence for the Impact of Pellagra on Human Skeletons from South Africa

Ecology of Food and Nutrition ◽

10.1080/03670240701486545 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 46 (5-6) ◽

pp. 345-360 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Barrett P. Brenton ◽

Robert R. Paine

Keyword(s):

South Africa ◽

Nutritional Status ◽

The Impact

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Intradialytic nutrition and quality of life in Chilean older patients in hemodialysis with protein-energy wasting

International Urology and Nephrology ◽

10.1007/s11255-021-03077-1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Mariana Ayala ◽

Margarita Marchant ◽

Cristina Hertz ◽

Gloria Castillo

Keyword(s):

Quality Of Life ◽

Body Composition ◽

Nutritional Status ◽

Older Patients ◽

Nutritional Supplementation ◽

Protein Energy Wasting ◽

Protein Energy ◽

Before And After ◽

The Impact

Abstract Purpose The study assessed the impact of intradialytic oral nutritional supplementation on the quality of life in patients receiving hemodialysis and diagnosed with protein energy wasting. Methods A pre-test post-test quasi-experimental study was conducted before and after 3 months of intradialytic oral nutritional supplementation on 109 older hemodialysis patients. We measured before and after 3 months of intradialytic oral nutritional supplementation, the quality of life score, the burden of kidney disease, three quality of life scales and the mental and physical health status using KDQoL-SF™ 1.3, body composition and biochemical parameters of nutritional condition. Results The mean age of the patients was 69.4 ± 3.4 years, 59% were male, and the time on dialysis was 63.5 ± 52.6 months. Comparing the baseline with month 3 of intradialytic oral nutritional supplementation, we observed to better quality of life. In contrast to malnutrition, score, specifically increased significantly score of symptoms/problems list related to hemodialysis, sexual function, social and cognitive function, sleep, pain, energy/fatigue and general state of health. Significant changes were also found in nutritional status, energy intake and body composition indicators. After 3 months of intradialytic oral nutritional supplementation, we observed a nutritional status recovery in one or more indicators in 92% of the patients. Conclusion Our findings indicate that 3 months of intradialysis oral nutritional supplementation improves the components of physical and mental quality of life and nutritional status in older patients receiving hemodialysis diagnosed with loss of protein energy. These results are relevant to improve the experience of patients with protein energy loss receiving hemodialysis.

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