Carbon and nitrogen balances and CO2 emission after exogenous organic matter application in arid soil

Phanerochaete chrysosporium was shown to rapidly decolorise a solution of natural organic matter (NOM). The effect of various parameters such as carbon and nitrogen content, pH, ionic strength, NOM concentration and addition of Mn2+ on the colour removal process was investigated. The rapid decolorisation was related to fungal growth and biosorption rather than biodegradation as neither carbon nor nitrogen limitation, nor Mn2+ addition, triggered the decolorisation process. Low pH (pH 3) and increased ionic strength (up to 50 g L‒1 added NaCl) led to greater specific removal (NOM/unit biomass), probably due to increased electrostatic bonding between the humic material and the biomass. Adsorption of NOM with viable and inactivated (autoclaved or by sodium azide) fungal pellets occurred within 24 hours and the colour removal depended on the viability, method of inactivation and pH. Colour removal by viable pellets was higher under the same conditions, and this, combined with desorption data, confirmed that fungal metabolic activity was important in the decolorisation process. Overall, removals of up to 40–50% NOM from solution were obtained. Of this, removal by adsorption was estimated as 60–70%, half of which was physicochemical, the other half metabolically-dependent biosorption and bioaccumulation. The remainder was considered to be removed by biodegradation, although some of this may be ascribed to bioaccumulation and metabolically-dependent biosorption.

Download Full-text

Carbon and nitrogen isotopic compositions of particulate organic matter in the upwelling zone off the east coast of Hainan Island, China

Marine Pollution Bulletin ◽

10.1016/j.marpolbul.2021.112349 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 167 ◽

pp. 112349

Author(s):

Xuan Lu ◽

Chao Huang ◽

Fajin Chen ◽

Shuwen Zhang ◽

Qibin Lao ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Organic Matter ◽

Particulate Organic Matter ◽

East Coast ◽

Hainan Island ◽

Carbon And Nitrogen ◽

Isotopic Compositions

Download Full-text

Carbon and nitrogen isoscape of particulate organic matter in the East China Sea

Progress In Oceanography ◽

10.1016/j.pocean.2021.102667 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 102667

Author(s):

Pei-Chi Ho ◽

Noboru Okuda ◽

Chih-Fu Yeh ◽

Pei-Ling Wang ◽

Gwo-Ching Gong ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Organic Matter ◽

East China Sea ◽

Particulate Organic Matter ◽

East China ◽

The East China Sea ◽

Carbon And Nitrogen ◽

China Sea

Download Full-text

Carbon and nitrogen stocks and organic matter fractions in the topsoil of traditional and agrisilvicultural systems in the Southeast of Brazil

Soil Research ◽

10.1071/sr20150 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Leidivan Almeida Frazão ◽

Paulo Henrique Silveira Cardoso ◽

Maria Nilfa Almeida Neta ◽

Mauro Franco Castro Mota ◽

Luana Larissa de Souza Almeida ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Organic Matter ◽

Carbon And Nitrogen ◽

Organic Matter Fractions ◽

Carbon And Nitrogen Stocks

Download Full-text

Sunlight induced aggregation of dissolved organic matter: Role of proteins in linking organic carbon and nitrogen cycling in seawater

The Science of The Total Environment ◽

10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.11.140 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 654 ◽

pp. 872-877 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Luni Sun ◽

Wei-Chun Chin ◽

Meng-Hsuen Chiu ◽

Chen Xu ◽

Peng Lin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Organic Matter ◽

Organic Carbon ◽

Dissolved Organic Matter ◽

Nitrogen Cycling ◽

Carbon And Nitrogen ◽

Carbon And Nitrogen Cycling ◽

Induced Aggregation

Download Full-text

Soil organic carbon and nitrogen sequestration and turnover in aggregates under subtropical leucaena–grass pastures

Soil Research ◽

10.1071/sr18016 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 56 (6) ◽

pp. 632 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Kathryn Conrad ◽

Ram C. Dalal ◽

Ryosuke Fujinuma ◽

Neal W. Menzies

Keyword(s):

Organic Matter ◽

Organic Carbon ◽

Soil Organic Carbon ◽

Soil Aggregates ◽

Soil Mass ◽

Δ13c And Δ15n ◽

Organic C ◽

Carbon And Nitrogen ◽

Nitrogen Sequestration ◽

C And N

Stabilisation and protection of soil organic carbon (SOC) in macroaggregates and microaggregates represents an important mechanism for the sequestration of SOC. Legume-based grass pastures have the potential to contribute to aggregate formation and stabilisation, thereby leading to SOC sequestration. However, there is limited research on the C and N dynamics of soil organic matter (SOM) fractions in deep-rooted legume leucaena (Leucaena leucocephala)–grass pastures. We assessed the potential of leucaena to sequester carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) in soil aggregates by estimating the origin, quantity and distribution in the soil profile. We utilised a chronosequence (0–40 years) of seasonally grazed leucaena stands (3–6 m rows), which were sampled to a depth of 0.3 m at 0.1-m intervals. The soil was wet-sieved for different aggregate sizes (large macroaggregates, >2000 µm; small macroaggregates, 250–2000 µm; microaggregates, 53–250 µm; and <53 µm), including occluded particulate organic matter (oPOM) within macroaggregates (>250 µm), and then analysed for organic C, N and δ13C and δ15N. Leucaena promoted aggregation, which increased with the age of the leucaena stands, and in particular the formation of large macroaggregates compared with grass in the upper 0.2 m. Macroaggregates contained a greater SOC stock than microaggregates, principally as a function of the soil mass distribution. The oPOM-C and -N concentrations were highest in macroaggregates at all depths. The acid nonhydrolysable C and N distribution (recalcitrant SOM) provided no clear distinction in stabilisation of SOM between pastures. Leucaena- and possibly other legume-based grass pastures have potential to sequester SOC through stabilisation and protection of oPOM within macroaggregates in soil.

Download Full-text

Tracing Carbon and Nitrogen Microbial Assimilation in Suspended Particles in Freshwaters

10.21203/rs.3.rs-995821/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Leonardo Mena-Rivera ◽

Charlotte E.M. Lloyd ◽

Michaela K. Reay ◽

Tim Goodall ◽

Daniel S Read ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Organic Matter ◽

Sewage Treatment ◽

Suspended Sediments ◽

Freshwater Ecosystems ◽

Stable Isotope Probing ◽

Dynamic Interactions ◽

Carbon And Nitrogen ◽

Spatial Differences ◽

Molecular Information ◽

Inorganic Substrate

Abstract The dynamic interactions between dissolved organic matter (DOM) and particulate organic matter (POM) are central in nutrient cycling in freshwater ecosystems. However, the molecular-level mechanisms of such interactions are still poorly defined. Here, we study spatial differences in the chemical and molecular composition of suspended sediments in the River Chew, UK. We then applied a compound-specific stable isotope probing (SIP) approach to test the potential assimilation of 13C,15N-glutamate (Glu) and 15N-nitrate into proteinaceous biomass by particle-associated microbial communities over a 72-h period. Our results demonstrate that the composition of suspended sediments is strongly influenced by the effluent of sewage treatment works (STW). Fluxes and percentages of assimilation of both isotopically labelled substrates into individual proteinaceous amino acids (AAs) showed contrasting dynamics in processing at each site linked to primary biosynthetic metabolic pathways. Preferential assimilation of the organic molecule glutamate and evidence of its direct assimilation into newly synthesised biomass was obtained. Our approach provides quantitative molecular information on the mechanisms by which low molecular weight DOM is mineralised in the water column compared to an inorganic substrate. This is paramount for better understanding the processing and fate of organic matter in aquatic ecosystems.

Download Full-text

The Influence of the Organic Matter of Sewage Sediments on Biological Activity of Microorganisms which Carry Out the Transformations of Carbon and Nitrogen Compounds

Polish Journal of Microbiology ◽

10.33073/pjm-2013-061 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 62 (4) ◽

pp. 445-452

Author(s):

IZABELLA PISAREK ◽

KATARZYNA GRATA

Keyword(s):

Organic Matter ◽

Biological Activity ◽

Organic Nitrogen ◽

Soil Microorganisms ◽

Natural Habitat ◽

Transformation Process ◽

Nitrogen Compounds ◽

Soil Environment ◽

Carbon And Nitrogen ◽

Cellulolytic Microorganisms

Soil microorganisms play an important role in the organic matter transformation process. The soil microorganisms also are in symbiotic relationship with plants. At the same time, soil microorganisms are sensitive to both anthropogenic and natural habitat changes. Particular characteristics of organic matter (the C:N relation, pH, the content the content of assimilated nutrients, the xenobiotics etc.) modify the biotic conditions of the soils. This particularly concerns the microorganisms which carry out the changes in the mineral and organic nitrogen compounds and the transformation of the external organic matter. The first aim of this work was to assess the influence of the sewage sediments and the manure on the phytosanitary potential of the soil environment. The second aim of this article was to estimate the number and activity of microorganisms which carry out the transformation of carbon and nitrogen compounds. This work showed the stimulating effect of the external organic matter both on the number and on the activity of most of the physiological groups. The manure mainly stimulated ammonificators, amylolitic microorganisms and Azotobacter sp. The sewage sediments mainly stimulated ammonificators, nitrifiers of I phase and cellulolytic microorganisms. The statistically significant impact of the physio-chemical soil habitat on the biological activity of the analyzed groups of microbes was also noted.

Download Full-text