A sexual minority model of flourishing: Examining the interactions among negative emotions, positive emotions, and sexual orientation identity status

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-21
Author(s):  
Jeffrey J. Klibert ◽  
Sunia Choudhury ◽  
C. Thresa Yancey
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Orientation ◽  
Sexual Minority ◽  
Positive Emotions ◽  
Negative Emotions ◽  
Identity Status ◽  
Sexual Orientation Identity ◽  
Minority Model

Sexual Orientation and Suicide Attempt Disparities Among US Adolescents: 2009–2017

2021 ◽  
pp. 73-83
Author(s):  
Julia Raifman ◽  
Brittany M. Charlton ◽  
Renata Arrington-Sanders ◽  
Philip A. Chan ◽  
Jack Rusley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Orientation ◽  
Sexual Minority ◽  
Adolescent Suicide ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Same Sex ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Sexual Orientation Identity ◽  
Minority Adolescents ◽  
Sexual Contacts ◽  
Minority Sexual Orientation

BACKGROUND Sexual minority adolescents face mental health disparities relative to heterosexual adolescents. We evaluated temporal changes in US adolescent reported sexual orientation and suicide attempts by sexual orientation. METHODS We used Youth Risk Behavioral Surveillance data from 6 states that collected data on sexual orientation identity and 4 states that collected data on sex of sexual contacts continuously between 2009 and 2017. We estimated odds ratios using logistic regression models to evaluate changes in reported sexual orientation identity, sex of consensual sexual contacts, and suicide attempts over time and calculated marginal effects (MEs). RESULTS The proportion of adolescents reporting minority sexual orientation identity nearly doubled, from 7.3% in 2009 to 14.3% in 2017 (ME: 0.8 percentage points [pp] per year; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.6 to 0.9 pp). The proportion of adolescents reporting any same-sex sexual contact increased by 70%, from 7.7% in 2009 to 13.1% in 2017 (ME: 0.6 pp per year; 95% CI: 0.4 to 0.8 pp). Although suicide attempts declined among students identifying as sexual minorities (ME: –0.8 pp per year; 95% CI: –1.4 to –0.2 pp), these students remained >3 times more likely to attempt suicide relative to heterosexual students in 2017. Sexual minority adolescents accounted for an increasing proportion of all adolescent suicide attempts. CONCLUSIONS The proportion of adolescents reporting sexual minority identity and same-sex sexual contacts increased between 2009 and 2017. Disparities in suicide attempts persist. Developing and implementing approaches to reducing sexual minority youth suicide is critically important.

Sexual Orientation Identity in Relation to Minority Stress and Mental Health in Sexual Minority Women

LGBT Health ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (5) ◽  
pp. 350-356 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jae A. Puckett ◽  
Francisco I. Surace ◽  
Heidi M. Levitt ◽  
Sharon G. Horne
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Sexual Orientation ◽  
Sexual Minority ◽  
Minority Stress ◽  
Minority Women ◽  
Sexual Minority Women ◽  
Sexual Orientation Identity

Hierarchical Analysis of Disparities in Suicidal Outcomes With Intersection of Sexual Minority and Gender Among U.S. Youth, 2017

2021 ◽  
pp. 109019812110459
Author(s):  
Dylan Scoggins ◽  
Ali S. Khan ◽  
Hongying Dai
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Orientation ◽  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Sexual Minority ◽  
Illicit Drugs ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
The United States ◽  
Minority Youth ◽  
Sexual Minority Youth ◽  
Suicidal Behaviors ◽  
Sexual Orientation Identity

Sexual minority youth have a higher risk of suicidal behaviors than their straight peers. Despite this alarming trend, there is limited information on how health-risk factors are systematically associated with suicidal outcomes in relation to the intersection of sex and sexual orientation identity. Data from the 2017 Youth Risk Behavior Survey (Grades 9–12, N = 14,108) were analyzed to examine three distinct suicidal outcomes (i.e., suicidal ideation, suicide planning, and suicide attempt). Separate hierarchical logistic regression models were performed to gradually adjust for influencing factors in examining the association between suicidal outcomes and sexual orientation identity (i.e., heterosexual, gay/lesbian, bisexual, and unsure), stratified by self-reported sex. There exist significant differences in youth suicidal behaviors based on sexual orientation identity and sex: lesbians (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 2.7, 95% CI [1.5, 5.0]), bisexual girls (AOR = 1.9, 95% CI [1.3, 2.6]) and bisexual boys (AOR = 2.6, 95% CI [1.3, 5.2]) had higher odds of suicide attempts than their straight peers. Unsure boys and girls also reported higher risks of suicidal ideation and suicide plan as compared with their straight peers. Having a very short sleep duration, reporting ever use of illicit drugs, being bullied, and feeling sad/hopeless were associated with elevated risks of suicidality across males and females. This study identified potential disparities in suicidal outcomes by sexual orientation identity as well as factors that attenuate or strengthen this relationship in a representative sample of adolescents across the United States. An improved understanding of the differences in suicidal outcomes will serve as an opportunity to ameliorate any potential inequalities and improve sexual minority youth’ health outcomes.

Predictors of Disclosing Sexual Orientation to Parents, Classmates, and School Adults among Latinx Sexual Minority High School and College Youth

2021 ◽  
pp. 0044118X2110214
Author(s):  
Zhenqiang Zhao ◽  
Russell B. Toomey ◽  
Karla Anhalt
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Sexual Orientation ◽  
Sexual Minority ◽  
Social Attitudes ◽  
Social Contexts ◽  
Minority Communities ◽  
Romantic Attraction ◽  
Sexual Orientation Identity ◽  
Identity Centrality ◽  
Sexual Orientation Disclosure

The current study examined predictors associated with the degree of sexual orientation disclosure across social contexts (parents, classmates, and school adults) and educational context (high school and college) among Latinx sexual minority youth (SMY; N = 238). Results revealed that perceptions of more supportive social attitudes to sexual minority communities were associated with higher levels of sexual orientation disclosure across social contexts, including parents, classmates, and school adults. Compared to monosexual Latinx SMY, plurisexual Latinx SMY reported lower levels of sexual orientation disclosure to parents and school adults but not to classmates. Sexual orientation identity centrality was only associated with sexual orientation disclosure to parents but not to classmates or school adults. Degree of romantic attraction to the same gender was not associated with sexual orientation disclosure. Findings provide preliminary support for critical nuances in sexual orientation disclosure across social and educational contexts among Latinx SMY.

Don’t Put Me in This Group

2019 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 80-93
Author(s):  
Jort de Vreeze ◽  
Christina Matschke
Keyword(s):  
Positive Emotions ◽  
Negative Emotions ◽  
Negative Information ◽  
The Self ◽  
The Other ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Group Memberships

Abstract. Not all group memberships are self-chosen. The current research examines whether assignments to non-preferred groups influence our relationship with the group and our preference for information about the ingroup. It was expected and found that, when people are assigned to non-preferred groups, they perceive the group as different to the self, experience negative emotions about the assignment and in turn disidentify with the group. On the other hand, when people are assigned to preferred groups, they perceive the group as similar to the self, experience positive emotions about the assignment and in turn identify with the group. Finally, disidentification increases a preference for negative information about the ingroup.

Positive Emotion in Borderline Personality Disorder

2019 ◽  
pp. 332-352
Author(s):  
Jill M. Hooley ◽  
Sara R. Masland
Keyword(s):  
Borderline Personality Disorder ◽  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Positive Emotions ◽  
Negative Emotions ◽  
Negative Mood ◽  
Severe Form ◽  
Borderline Personality ◽  
Negative Emotionality ◽  
Personality Pathology ◽  
Emotional Experiences

Borderline personality disorder (BPD) is a severe form of personality pathology characterized by high levels of negative emotionality. Because negative emotions are so central to the clinical presentation of BPD, the issue of how people with this disorder process and experience positive emotional experiences is relatively unexplored. This chapter provides an overview of what is currently known about positive emotions and BPD. Although the literature is characterized by many inconsistencies, our review suggests that people with BPD do indeed experience positive emotions. However, their recall of positive emotional experiences appears to be reduced, perhaps because such experiences are more transient, less stable, and more likely to be quickly replaced by negative emotions. Problems with the identification and accurate differentiation of positive emotions may also play a role. Such difficulties may conspire to create a psychological world for people with BPD that is characterized by a focus on negative mood and negative emotional experiences. In addition to focusing on negative affect, we suggest that it might also be clinically beneficial to make problems with positive affect a specific clinical target.

scholarly journals Effects of aging on emotion recognition from dynamic multimodal expressions and vocalizations

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Diana S. Cortes ◽  
Christina Tornberg ◽  
Tanja Bänziger ◽  
Hillary Anger Elfenbein ◽  
Håkan Fischer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Emotion Recognition ◽  
Positive Emotions ◽  
Negative Emotions ◽  
Group Differences ◽  
Significant Group ◽  
Positivity Effect ◽  
Video Recordings ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Effects Of Aging

AbstractAge-related differences in emotion recognition have predominantly been investigated using static pictures of facial expressions, and positive emotions beyond happiness have rarely been included. The current study instead used dynamic facial and vocal stimuli, and included a wider than usual range of positive emotions. In Task 1, younger and older adults were tested for their abilities to recognize 12 emotions from brief video recordings presented in visual, auditory, and multimodal blocks. Task 2 assessed recognition of 18 emotions conveyed by non-linguistic vocalizations (e.g., laughter, sobs, and sighs). Results from both tasks showed that younger adults had significantly higher overall recognition rates than older adults. In Task 1, significant group differences (younger > older) were only observed for the auditory block (across all emotions), and for expressions of anger, irritation, and relief (across all presentation blocks). In Task 2, significant group differences were observed for 6 out of 9 positive, and 8 out of 9 negative emotions. Overall, results indicate that recognition of both positive and negative emotions show age-related differences. This suggests that the age-related positivity effect in emotion recognition may become less evident when dynamic emotional stimuli are used and happiness is not the only positive emotion under study.

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