Stability of emulsion liquid membrane and membrane phase reaction spectrum study of NH3·H2O system

2015 ◽  
Vol 57 (41) ◽  
pp. 19112-19120 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chengzhi Jiang ◽  
Xuke Sun
2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Handias Meilinda ◽  
Novi Noviyanti ◽  
Anni Anggraeni ◽  
Diana Hendrati ◽  
Husein H Bahti

<p>Unsur Tanah Jarang (UTJ) adalah 15 elemen kelompok lantanida, ditambah skandium dan itrium yang termasuk kelompok aktinida. UTJ memiliki banyak manfaat di berbagai bidang. Sifat fisik dan kimia yang mirip antar UTJ membuatnya sulit dipisahkan sehingga pemisahan UTJ menarik dipelajari dengan berbagai macam metode, salah satunya adalah dengan menggunakan <em>Emulsion Liquid Membrane </em>(ELM). ELM merupakan metode pemisahan yang dikembangkan dari ekstraksi pelarut terdiri dari tiga fase, yaitu fase eksternal (fase umpan) yang berisi UTJ yang akan dipisahkan, fase internal (fase pengupasan), dan fase membran. Fase membran berisi surfaktan sebagai penstabil dan ligan yang akan membentuk kompleks dengan UTJ pada antarmuka fase umpan dan membawanya berdifusi ke dalam fase pengupasan. ELM merupakan metode efektif untuk pemisahan karena tahap ekstraksi dan pengupasan (<em>stripping</em>) terjadi secara bersamaan dalam satu tahap dan fase membrannya dapat digunakan kembali. Pemisahan UTJ menggunakan metode ELM dengan berbagai ligan, seperti D2EHPA, Cyanex 572, P204, dan (RO)2P(O)OPh-COOH dipengaruhi oleh berbagai parameter, seperti konsentrasi ligan, pH fase umpan, waktu pengadukan ekstraksi, kecepatan pengadukan ekstraksi, rasio fase umpan, konsentrasi fase pengupasan, konsentrasi surfaktan, dan konsentrasi fase umpan. Parameter tersebut diseleksi untuk mendapatkan kondisi optimum sehingga meningkatkan efisiensi ekstraksi dan pengupasan yang berbeda.</p><p><strong>Effect of Various Parameters in Separation of Rare Earth Elements using the Emulsion Liquid Membrane (ELM) Method. </strong>Rare Earth Elements (REEs) are 15 elements of the lanthanide group, plus scandium and yttrium, which belong to the actinide group. REEs have many benefits in various fields. Similar physical and chemical properties between REEs make it difficult to separate, thus REEs separation is interesting to study by various methods, one of which is by using an emulsion liquid membrane (ELM). ELM is a method developed from solvent extraction consisting of three phases: the external phase (feed phase) which contains REEs to be collected, the internal phase (stripping phase), and the membrane phase. The membrane phase contains surfactants as stabilizers and ligands which will form complexes with REEs in the feed phase and are designed to diffuse into the stripping phase. ELM is an effective method to involve because extraction and stripping occur together in one glass and the membrane phase can be reused. Separation of REEs using the ELM method with various ligands, such as D2EHPA, Cyanex 572, P204, and (RO)2P(O)OPh-COOH influenced by various parameters, such as ligand concentration, feed phase pH, extraction stirring time, extraction stirring speed, feed phase ratio, stripping phase concentration, surfactant concentration, and feed phase concentration. These parameters are selected to obtain optimum conditions thereby increasing the efficiency of different extraction and stripping.</p><p> </p>


2021 ◽  
Vol 1021 ◽  
pp. 115-128
Author(s):  
Suheila Abd Alreda Akkar ◽  
Sawsan Abd Muslim Mohammed

This research introduced Intelligent Network's proposed design for predicting efficiency in the removal of phenol from wastewater by liquid membrane emulsion. In the inner phase of W / O emulsions, phenol extraction from an aqueous solution was investigated using emulsion liquid membrane prepared with kerosene as a membrane phase, Span 80 as a surfactant, and NaOH as a stripping agent. Experiments were conducted to investigate the effect of three emulsion composition variables, namely: surfactant concentration, membrane phase to-internal (VM / VI) volume ratio, and removal phase concentration in the internal phase, and two process parameters, feed phase agitation speed at organic acid extraction rates, and emulsion-to-feed volume ratio (VE / VF). More than 98% of phenol can be extracted in less than 5 minutes. This article describes compares the performance of different learning algorithms such as GD, RB, GDM, GDX, CG, and LM to predict the efficiency of phenol removal from wastewater through the liquid emulsion membrane. The proposed neural network consisted of (7, 11, 1) neurons in the input , hidden and output layers respectively feed forward ANN with various types of back propagation training algorithms were developed to model the emulsion liquid membrane removal of phenols. The values predicted for the neural network model are found in close agreement with the results of the batch experiment using MATLAB program with a correlation coefficient ( R2) of 0.999 and Mean Squared Error (MSE) of 0.004.


2009 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaydeep M. Barad ◽  
Mousumi Chakraborty ◽  
Hans-Jörg Bart

The selective separation of aromatics (benzene, toluene and p-xylene, BTX) from aliphatic (n-heptane) is investigated using simple permeation and facilitated transport emulsion liquid membrane mechanism. The separation performances, represented by the permeation rate and separation factor, are analyzed systematically by varying the operating parameters. One of the major obstacles to the application of emulsion liquid membranes to industrial separations is the stability of emulsion globules. In the present study, stability of emulsion liquid membrane is studied by varying different parameters e.g. surfactant and feed phase concentration, stirrer speed for emulsification. Dispersion destabilisation of emulsion is detected by Turbiscan. Effects of interfacial tension on internal droplets size and size distribution are also systematically investigated. Stable emulsions under optimal conditions are used for the separation of aromatics (BTX) from aliphatic (n-heptane) in a synthetic feed mixture.


Membranes ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdul Latif Ahmad ◽  
Zulfida Mohamad Hafis Mohd Shafie ◽  
Nur Dina Zaulkiflee ◽  
Wen Yu Pang

The aim of this study is to develop an Emulsion Liquid Membrane (ELM) system for the extraction of acetaminophen (ACTP). Firstly, ELM was formulated by the screening of liquid membrane components where the compatibility of diluent with other membrane phase components was investigated. The chosen carrier, diluent and stripping solution must comply with the reaction at the interface of the membrane to support the simultaneous processes of extraction and stripping. Therefore, parameters such as stripping agent concentration, volume ratio, initial concentration of feed phase and HCl concentration were investigated. A stable emulsion and maximum acetaminophen removal efficiency of 85% was achieved.


2014 ◽  
Vol 67 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Norasikin Othman ◽  
Ooi Zing-Yi ◽  
Norlisa Harruddin ◽  
Raja Norimie ◽  
Norela Jusoh ◽  
...  

Nowadays, water pollution has become major issue especially dye contaminated wastewaters from the textile industry. Dye causes serious environmental pollution and health problems. The removal of color from dye-contaminated wastewaters in the related industries becomes a major concern all over the world. In this research, several parameters of dye extraction and recovery in the continuous emulsion liquid membrane (ELM) process were investigated. This process consisted of three phases which are external (feed) phase, membrane phase and internal phase. The membrane phase was prepared by dissolving extractant bis(2-ethylhexyl)phosphoric acid (D2EHPA) and hydrophobic surfactant sorbitan monooleate (Span 80) in kerosene as diluents. The internal phase consisted of an aqueous solution of sulfuric acid (H2SO4). The important parameters governing the extraction process of dye such as stirring speed, initial dye concentration, Span 80 concentration and treat ratio (volume ratio of emulsion to external phase) were studied. The results showed that the optimum condition for 25ppm initial concentration of dye extraction are 250 rpm stirring speed, 5% (w/v) Span 80 and treat ratio 1:5. At this condition, the percentage of dye extraction, stripping and recovery were 98%, 82% and 81% respectively. Hence, continuous ELM technique is proven to be a very promising technique in industrial wastewater treatment and recovery of dye.


2018 ◽  
Vol 34 (6) ◽  
pp. 2747-2754 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masoud Nasiri Zarandi ◽  
Amirhossein Soltani

The purpose of this study was to investigate the extraction of lead by emulsion liquid membrane as an effective alternative to conventional lead extraction methods. The emulsion included D-2-ethylhexyl phosphoric acid (D2EHPA) as a carrier, paraffin and kerosene composition as an organic solvent, Span 80 as an emulsifier and sulfuric acid as an internal stripping phase. In this project, 7 effective factors in extraction of lead were chosen by emulsion liquid membrane, which included concentration of sulfuric acid in the internal phase, volume ratio of the emulsion to external phase (Rew), the ratio of organic phase to internal phase (Roi), initial pH of external phase, contact time of the emulsion and external phase, carrier concentration and concentration of surfactant in the membrane phase. After the initial experiments to make a stable emulsion, membrane phase mix (70% paraffin and 30% kerosene), homogenizer speed (12000 rpm) and mixer speed (309 rpm) were selected. The final experiments were designed by Taguchi statistical method. Optimization was done according to higher extraction rate and the effect of each of these factors and their optimal values as well as optimal conditions were determined. By verification test, it was shown that more than 92% of lead can be extracted from a solution with a concentration of 2000 ppm.


2010 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 149-156
Author(s):  
Imam Santoso ◽  
Buchari Buchari

Extraction of silver (I) has been studied from black/white printing photographic waste by emulsion liquid membrane technique. Composition emulsion at the membrane phase was cerosene as solvent, sorbitan monooleat (span 80) as surfactant, dimethyldioctadesyl-ammonium bromide as carrier and as internal phase was HNO3. Optimum condition was obtained: ratio of internal phase volume and membrane phase volume was 1:1 : concentration of surfactant was 2% (v/v) : time of making emulsion was 20 second : rate of stiring emulsion was 1100 rpm : rest time emulsion was 3 second : rate of emulsion volume and external phase volume was 1:5 : emulsion contact rate 500 rpm : emulsion contact time was 40 second : concentration of silver thiosulfate as external phase was 100 ppm : pH of external phase was 3 and pH of internal phase was 1. Optimum condition was applied in silver(I) extraction from black/white printing photographic waste. It was obtained 77.33% average which 56.06% silver (I) average of internal phase and 22.66% in the external phase. Effect of matrices ion decreased silver(I) percent extraction from 96,37% average to 77.33% average. Keyword: photographics waste, silver extraction


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