Carrier Assisted Emulsion Liquid Membrane Process for Recovery of Basic Dye from Wastewater using Continuous Extractor

2014 ◽  
Vol 67 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Norasikin Othman ◽  
Ooi Zing-Yi ◽  
Norlisa Harruddin ◽  
Raja Norimie ◽  
Norela Jusoh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Textile Industry ◽  
Liquid Membrane ◽  
Volume Ratio ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
Membrane Phase ◽  
Emulsion Liquid Membrane ◽  
Sorbitan Monooleate ◽  
Internal Phase ◽  
Span 80 ◽  
Dye Extraction

Nowadays, water pollution has become major issue especially dye contaminated wastewaters from the textile industry. Dye causes serious environmental pollution and health problems. The removal of color from dye-contaminated wastewaters in the related industries becomes a major concern all over the world. In this research, several parameters of dye extraction and recovery in the continuous emulsion liquid membrane (ELM) process were investigated. This process consisted of three phases which are external (feed) phase, membrane phase and internal phase. The membrane phase was prepared by dissolving extractant bis(2-ethylhexyl)phosphoric acid (D2EHPA) and hydrophobic surfactant sorbitan monooleate (Span 80) in kerosene as diluents. The internal phase consisted of an aqueous solution of sulfuric acid (H2SO4). The important parameters governing the extraction process of dye such as stirring speed, initial dye concentration, Span 80 concentration and treat ratio (volume ratio of emulsion to external phase) were studied. The results showed that the optimum condition for 25ppm initial concentration of dye extraction are 250 rpm stirring speed, 5% (w/v) Span 80 and treat ratio 1:5. At this condition, the percentage of dye extraction, stripping and recovery were 98%, 82% and 81% respectively. Hence, continuous ELM technique is proven to be a very promising technique in industrial wastewater treatment and recovery of dye.

CADMIUM REMOVAL USING VEGETABLE OIL BASED EMULSION LIQUID MEMBRANE (ELM): MEMBRANE BREAKAGE INVESTIGATION

2015 ◽  
Vol 75 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
A. L. Ahmad ◽  
M. M. H. Shah Buddin ◽  
B. S. Ooi ◽  
Adhi Kusumastuti
Keyword(s):  
Vegetable Oil ◽  
Liquid Membrane ◽  
Corn Oil ◽  
Volume Ratio ◽  
Aliquat 336 ◽  
Emulsion Liquid Membrane ◽  
Cadmium Removal ◽  
Internal Phase ◽  
External Phase ◽  
Span 80

The aim of this research is to quantify the occurrence of membrane breakage in vegetable oil based Emulsion Liquid Membrane (ELM). Basically, ELM consists of three main phases; internal, external and membrane. In this work, the membrane phase was prepared by dissolving Span 80 as surfactant and Aliquat 336 as carrier in commercial grade corn oil. As a way to promote sustainable development, vegetable oil which is environmentally benign diluent was incorporated in the formulation of ELM. The influence of several important parameters towards membrane breakage were studied. They are carrier and surfactant concentration, W/O volume ratio, emulsification time, internal phase concentration as well as stirring speed. Based on the data obtained, emulsion prepared using 4 wt% Aliquat 336 and 3 wt% Span 80 resulted in the most stable emulsion with only 0.05% membrane breakage. The emulsion was produced using W/O volume ratio of 1/3 and it was homogenized with the assistance of ultrasound for 15 min. Moreover, emulsion produced able to provide a fair balance between emulsion stability and Cd(II) permeability as it able to remove 98.20% Cd(II) ions from the external phase. 

scholarly journals Emulsion Liquid Membrane Design in Vitro for Removal of Lead from Aqueous Solution

2018 ◽  
Vol 34 (6) ◽  
pp. 2747-2754 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masoud Nasiri Zarandi ◽  
Amirhossein Soltani
Keyword(s):  
Sulfuric Acid ◽  
Liquid Membrane ◽  
Volume Ratio ◽  
Lead Extraction ◽  
Membrane Phase ◽  
Emulsion Liquid Membrane ◽  
Phase Contact Time ◽  
Internal Phase ◽  
External Phase

The purpose of this study was to investigate the extraction of lead by emulsion liquid membrane as an effective alternative to conventional lead extraction methods. The emulsion included D-2-ethylhexyl phosphoric acid (D2EHPA) as a carrier, paraffin and kerosene composition as an organic solvent, Span 80 as an emulsifier and sulfuric acid as an internal stripping phase. In this project, 7 effective factors in extraction of lead were chosen by emulsion liquid membrane, which included concentration of sulfuric acid in the internal phase, volume ratio of the emulsion to external phase (Rew), the ratio of organic phase to internal phase (Roi), initial pH of external phase, contact time of the emulsion and external phase, carrier concentration and concentration of surfactant in the membrane phase. After the initial experiments to make a stable emulsion, membrane phase mix (70% paraffin and 30% kerosene), homogenizer speed (12000 rpm) and mixer speed (309 rpm) were selected. The final experiments were designed by Taguchi statistical method. Optimization was done according to higher extraction rate and the effect of each of these factors and their optimal values as well as optimal conditions were determined. By verification test, it was shown that more than 92% of lead can be extracted from a solution with a concentration of 2000 ppm.

scholarly journals Removal of Ibuprofen at Low Concentration Using a Newly Formulated Emulsion Liquid Membrane

Membranes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 740
Author(s):  
Abdul Latif Ahmad ◽  
Mohd Hazarel Zairy Mohd Harun ◽  
Mohd Khairul Akmal Jasni ◽  
Nur Dina Zaulkiflee
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Membrane ◽  
Volume Ratio ◽  
Pharmaceutical Product ◽  
Ionic Surfactant ◽  
Emulsion Liquid Membrane ◽  
Sorbitan Monooleate ◽  
Low Concentration ◽  
Optimum Parameters ◽  
Internal Phase ◽  
Stirring Time

Ibuprofen (IBP) is a pharmaceutical product that is widely prescribed as an over-the-counter painkiller. It has been classified as a contaminant of emerging concern (CEC) that has received global attention in the search for a better wastewater separation technology. The emulsion liquid membrane (ELM) is one of the potential solutions for IBP removal from wastewater owing to its advantages, such as the ability to remove a highly soluble solute, energy efficient and tuneable formulation. To develop this ELM, a series of parameters such as stirring speed, emulsification time, organic to internal phase volume ratio (O/I), internal phase concentration, carrier concentration and surfactant concentration were studied. The extraction was carried out for 15 min stirring time and the concentration of IBP in the feed phase was determined using a UV-Vis spectrophotometer. The optimum formulation for the ELM was found at 300 rpm stirring speed, 20 min emulsification time, 3:1 of O/I, 0.1 M ammonia, NH3 (stripping agent), 6 wt% trioctylamine, TOA (carrier) and 2 wt% sorbitan monooleate, Span 80 (non-ionic surfactant). IBP removal of 89% was achieved at the optimum parameters of ELM. The current research demonstrated that a newly formulated ELM has great potential in removing a low concentration IBP from wastewater.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Ion Kadmium(II) dan Nikel(II) pada Ekstraksi Ion Tembaga(II) dengan Ekstraktan 4-Benzoil -1-Fenil-3-Metil- 2- Pirazolin-5-On Menggunakan Emulsi Membran Cair

2012 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 269 ◽  
Author(s):  
Baharuddin Hamzah ◽  
Noor Jalaluddin ◽  
Abdul Wahid Wahab ◽  
Ambo Upe
Keyword(s):  
Optimum Condition ◽  
Liquid Membrane ◽  
Phase 1 ◽  
Volume Ratio ◽  
Mixed Surfactant ◽  
Membrane Phase ◽  
Internal Phase ◽  
External Phase ◽  
Percentage Extraction ◽  
Span 80

The effects of cadmium(II) and nickel(II) ions to copper(II) extraction using liquid membrane emulsion with 4-benzoyl-3-methyl-1-phenyl-2-pyrazolin-5-on (HPMBP) as an extractant was studied. The optimum condition forcopper(II) extraction were as follows: emulsification rate=2000 rpm, emulsification time=10 minutes, extractionrate=300 rpm, extraction time=15 minutes, concentration of mixed surfactant (span 80+span 20)=3%, volumeratio of membrane phase and internal phase=1:1, concentration of HPMBP=0.020 M, concentration of HCl=1M,volume ratio of emulsion and external phase=1:7. The result showed that the extraction of copper(II) by liquidmembrane emulsion with HPMBP as an extractant was selective to cadmium(II) and nickel(II) ions, relatively. Theresult also showed that in the extraction of 500 mg/l copper(II), the presence of 500 mg/l of nickel(II) was decreasingthe percentage of copper(II) extraction to be 83.73. While, the presence of 500 mg/l of cadmium(II) does notinfluence the percentage extraction of copper(II), relatively.

Removal of Phenol by a New Emulsion Liquid Membrane System and its Heat-Induced Demulsification

2011 ◽  
Vol 356-360 ◽  
pp. 1675-1678 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Peng ◽  
Chun Jian Xu
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Liquid Membrane ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Volume Ratio ◽  
Membrane System ◽  
Membrane Phase ◽  
Emulsion Liquid Membrane ◽  
Internal Phase ◽  
External Phase ◽  
Demulsification Efficiency

Removal of phenol from aqueous solution by a new emulsion liquid membrane (ELM) system and its heat-induced demulsification have been investigated. The ELM consists of commercial kerosene as organic solvent, OP-4 as surfactant agent, hydrochloric acid as the stripping phase. Effect of different operating parameters such as internal phase concentration, surfactant concentration, stirring speed, PH value in external phase, volume ratio of membrane phase to internal phase and volume ratio of membrane phase to external phase were investigated for the removal of phenol from aqueous solution. At the optimum condition about 95.7% phenol is removed in less than 20min of contact time. The demulsification efficiency was investigated under different temperature and time and proved to be high at 80°C.

scholarly journals Effect of Copper(II) and Cadmium(II) Ions Against the Percent Mercury Ion Extraction Using Emulsion Liquid Membrane Technique

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 218-222
Author(s):  
Suhartini Musa ◽  
Baharuddin Hamzah ◽  
Daud K. Walanda
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Membrane ◽  
Mercury Ion ◽  
Sample Solution ◽  
Membrane Phase ◽  
Emulsion Liquid Membrane ◽  
Ion Extraction ◽  
Internal Phase ◽  
Membrane Technique ◽  
Span 80 ◽  
Effect Of Copper

The effect of copper(II) and cadmium(II) ions on the percent of mercury ion extraction using an emulsion liquid membrane technique have been performed. This study used HNO3 as an internal phase, mixed span 80 and span 20 as a surfactant, benzoyl acetone as cation carrier, kerosene as membrane phase, and mercury solution as a sample solution. Variations of concentrations of copper(II) and cadmium(II) ions added were 10, 20, and 30 ppm with mercury concentrations of 30 ppm. The result of the research showed that the addition of copper(II) ion with concentrations of 10 to 30 ppm decreased the percentage of mercury ion extraction 30 ppm by 12.12% and the addition of cadmium(II) ion with the concentration of 10 to 30 ppm decreased the percentage of mercury ion extraction 30 ppm by 11.74%.

scholarly journals Emulsion Liquid Membrane Extraction of Turquoise Blue Reactive Dye–Study on Membrane Breakage and Swelling

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Othman ◽  
S. N. Zailani ◽  
N. Mili
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Membrane ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
Reactive Dye ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Membrane Extraction ◽  
Hydrodynamic Condition ◽  
Emulsion Liquid Membrane ◽  
Liquid Membrane Extraction ◽  
Span 80

Reactive dyes are the principal dyes used in batik industry in Malaysia. From the environmental point of view the dyes should be removed from wastewater because they are toxic in nature. Therefore, the removal and recovery of dyes from batik industry wastewater is absolute necessity in order to save raw materials and to protect environment from hazardous compounds. An experiment was carried out using emulsion liquid membrane (ELM) process in batch system to study the extraction behaviour of Turquoise Blue which is commonly used in batik industry. Several parameters have been studied such as carrier and surfactant/emulsifier concentrations, stripping agent and extraction time. The liquid membrane was formulated using kerosene as diluent, SPAN 80 as emulsifier and tri-dodecylamine (TDA) as a carrier. Hydrodynamic condition to generate extraction process was at 1:3 treat ratio and 250 rpm stirring speed for 10 minutes while the emulsification was done at 12000 rpm for 5 minutes using homogenizer. The result obtained shows that, more than 70% of Turquoise Blue was extracted at favourable condition of 0.07 M TDA, 7% (w/v) SPAN 80 and 0.5 M Thiourea in 1 M NaOH.

Design of Intelligent Network to Predicate Phenol Removal from Waste Water by Emulsion Liquid Membrane

2021 ◽  
Vol 1021 ◽  
pp. 115-128
Author(s):  
Suheila Abd Alreda Akkar ◽  
Sawsan Abd Muslim Mohammed
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Liquid Membrane ◽  
Mean Squared Error ◽  
Back Propagation ◽  
Volume Ratio ◽  
Phenol Removal ◽  
Acid Extraction ◽  
Training Algorithms ◽  
Membrane Phase ◽  
Emulsion Liquid Membrane

This research introduced Intelligent Network's proposed design for predicting efficiency in the removal of phenol from wastewater by liquid membrane emulsion. In the inner phase of W / O emulsions, phenol extraction from an aqueous solution was investigated using emulsion liquid membrane prepared with kerosene as a membrane phase, Span 80 as a surfactant, and NaOH as a stripping agent. Experiments were conducted to investigate the effect of three emulsion composition variables, namely: surfactant concentration, membrane phase to-internal (VM / VI) volume ratio, and removal phase concentration in the internal phase, and two process parameters, feed phase agitation speed at organic acid extraction rates, and emulsion-to-feed volume ratio (VE / VF). More than 98% of phenol can be extracted in less than 5 minutes. This article describes compares the performance of different learning algorithms such as GD, RB, GDM, GDX, CG, and LM to predict the efficiency of phenol removal from wastewater through the liquid emulsion membrane. The proposed neural network consisted of (7, 11, 1) neurons in the input , hidden and output layers respectively feed forward ANN with various types of back propagation training algorithms were developed to model the emulsion liquid membrane removal of phenols. The values predicted for the neural network model are found in close agreement with the results of the batch experiment using MATLAB program with a correlation coefficient ( R2) of 0.999 and Mean Squared Error (MSE) of 0.004.

scholarly journals Optimization of Emulsion Liquid Membrane for Lead Separation from Aqueous Solutions

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 2068-2072 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Fouad ◽  
F. Ahmad ◽  
K. Abdelrahman
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Membrane ◽  
Volume Ratio ◽  
Lead Extraction ◽  
Emulsion Liquid Membrane ◽  
Pareto Chart ◽  
Optimum Parameters ◽  
Phase Concentration ◽  
Internal Phase ◽  
Optimal Values ◽  
Agitation Time

This study focuses on evaluating the process parameters and their effects on extraction of lead as well as emulsion breaking. The Signal / Noise ratios have been used to study the performance characteristics. Six parameters affecting extraction by emulsion liquid membrane, namely, TOPO, Span80, and internal phase concentration, feed/emulsion ratio, agitation time and feed pH have been optimized with considerations to lead extraction and emulsion breaking. The standardized effects of the independent variables and their interactions were tested by the analysis of variance (ANOVA) with 95% confidence limits (α= 0.05) and Pareto chart. The use of the optimal values of these parameters has been proved useful in maximizing the extraction efficiency and minimizing the emulsion breakage. TOPO concentration of 0.1498 M, Span 80 concentration of 3.007 v%, Internal phase concentration of 0.183 M, Feed/emulsion volume ratio of 1.407, agitation time of 30 minutes, and feed pH of 5 are determined as the optimum parameters.

scholarly journals Preliminary Study of Emulsion Liquid Membrane Formulation on Acetaminophen Removal from the Aqueous Phase

Membranes ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdul Latif Ahmad ◽  
Zulfida Mohamad Hafis Mohd Shafie ◽  
Nur Dina Zaulkiflee ◽  
Wen Yu Pang
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Membrane ◽  
Volume Ratio ◽  
Stable Emulsion ◽  
Membrane Phase ◽  
Emulsion Liquid Membrane ◽  
Initial Concentration ◽  
Preliminary Study ◽  
Feed Phase ◽  
Hcl Concentration ◽  
Membrane Components

The aim of this study is to develop an Emulsion Liquid Membrane (ELM) system for the extraction of acetaminophen (ACTP). Firstly, ELM was formulated by the screening of liquid membrane components where the compatibility of diluent with other membrane phase components was investigated. The chosen carrier, diluent and stripping solution must comply with the reaction at the interface of the membrane to support the simultaneous processes of extraction and stripping. Therefore, parameters such as stripping agent concentration, volume ratio, initial concentration of feed phase and HCl concentration were investigated. A stable emulsion and maximum acetaminophen removal efficiency of 85% was achieved.

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