scholarly journals Safety and efficacy results of simulated post-exposure prophylaxis with human immune globulin (HRIG; KEDRAB) co-administered with active vaccine in healthy subjects: a comparative phase 2/3 trial

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 452-459 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark A. Matson ◽  
Eran Schenker ◽  
Michal Stein ◽  
Vladislava Zamfirova ◽  
Huy-Binh Nguyen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Globulin ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Post Exposure Prophylaxis ◽  
Phase 2 ◽  
Safety And Efficacy ◽  
Post Exposure ◽  
Human Immune ◽  
Exposure Prophylaxis

Evaluation of the Safety and Immunogenicity of a New, Heat-treated Human Rabies Immune Globulin Using a Sham, Post-exposure Prophylaxis of Rabies

Biologicals ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Lang ◽  
S. Gravenstein ◽  
D. Briggs ◽  
B. Miller ◽  
J. Froeschle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Globulin ◽  
Human Rabies ◽  
Post Exposure Prophylaxis ◽  
Post Exposure ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
Exposure Prophylaxis

scholarly journals Equine Rabies Immunoglobulin: A Review

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (4-s) ◽  
pp. 730-735 ◽  
Author(s):  
P.V. Shelke ◽  
Punit R. Rachh
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Immune Globulin ◽  
Caprylic Acid ◽  
Specific Activity ◽  
High Specific Activity ◽  
Rabies Vaccine ◽  
Human Rabies ◽  
Post Exposure Prophylaxis ◽  
Post Exposure ◽  
Exposure Prophylaxis

Rabies is a major cause of human death in many developing countries. There is a worldwide shortage of human and equine rabies immune globulin. The WHO recommends combined administration of rabies vaccine and rabies immune globulin to patients after exposure. The implementation of post exposure prophylaxis by vaccination and specific immunoglobulin therapy are largely hampered by its high cost. The equine rabies immunoglobulin is less expensive than human rabies immunoglobulin, and is used for rabies post-exposure prophylaxis in developing countries. Equine rabies immunoglobulin is a F(ab)2 with high specific activity, purity, and safety. Healthy horses are immunized with a rabies vaccine. Crude plasma is collected and immunoglobulin is converted into F(ab)2 fragments by pepsin digestion. The F(ab)2 fragments are purified using caprylic acid precipitation followed by ultrafiltration. Keywords: Rabies, Equine rabies immunoglobulin (ERIG), Human rabies immunoglobulin (HRIG), IgG, Caprylic acid, Pepsin.

Low awareness and use of post-exposure prophylaxis among adolescents and young adults in South Africa: implications for the prevention of new HIV infections

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 242-248
Author(s):  
Anthony Idowu Ajayi ◽  
Mohammed Sanusi Yusuf ◽  
Elmon Mudefi ◽  
Oladele Vincent Adeniyi ◽  
Ntombana Rala ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Hiv Infections ◽  
Adolescents And Young Adults ◽  
Post Exposure Prophylaxis ◽  
Post Exposure ◽  
Exposure Prophylaxis

Study of sharp injuries and blood splash exposures among healthcare workers in a tertiary hospital in Bangalore

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shalini Sivananjiah Pradeep ◽  
Suman Gadicherla Raghu ◽  
Prathab A G ◽  
Banashankari G Rudresh ◽  
Radhika Kunnavil
Keyword(s):  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Tertiary Hospital ◽  
Post Exposure Prophylaxis ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Post Exposure ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Management Procedures ◽  
Exposure Prophylaxis ◽  
Sharps Injury ◽  
Sharps Injuries

The working environment of healthcare workers (HCW) exposes them to sharp injuries. This communication attempts to examine the injury registers, incidence of sharps injuries and blood splash exposures, and the post-exposure prophylaxis status of employees in a tertiary care hospital. Analysis included records form 54 locations of two units of a tertiary hospital attached to a Medical College. Maintenance of the injury register overall was highly satisfactory in both units. Two hundred and nine injuries were recorded from both units of the hospital. The majority of injuries (60.5%) occurred in the age group of 20-30 years with 70% among females. Waste handlers were at increased risk during waste management procedures. Thirty two percent of sharps injury injuries occurred in wards. Of the ward nursing staff, 25.3% received sharps injuries. Post-exposure prophylaxis for Hepatitis B (primary dose) was given to 25 HCWs; 11 received booster doses. The basic regimen for HIV post-exposure prophylaxis was given to 4 HCWs. Awareness about records maintenance, regular documentation, awareness and training, and implementation of appropriate preventive measures can reduce the incidence of injuries. Key words: Sharps, injury register, Health care workers (HCW),Post exposure prophylaxis (PEP)

scholarly journals 986. Improvement in Administration of HIV Post-Exposure Prophylaxis in the Emergency Department Following Sexual Assault

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S521-S522
Author(s):  
Jennifer R Silva-Nash ◽  
Stacie Bordelon ◽  
Ryan K Dare ◽  
Sherrie Searcy
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Department ◽  
Sexual Assault ◽  
Hiv Transmission ◽  
Post Exposure Prophylaxis ◽  
Intervention Period ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Post Exposure ◽  
Assault Victims ◽  
Exposure Prophylaxis

Abstract Background Nonoccupational post exposure prophylaxis (nPEP) following sexual assault can prevent HIV transmission. A standardized Emergency Department (ED) protocol for evaluation, treatment, and follow up for post assault victims was implemented to improve compliance with CDC nPEP guidelines. Methods A single-center observational study of post sexual assault patients before/after implementation of an ED nPEP protocol was conducted by comparing the appropriateness of prescriptions, labs, and necessary follow up. A standardized order-set based on CDC nPEP guidelines, with involvement of an HIV pharmacist and ID clinic, was implemented during the 2018-2019 academic year. Clinical data from pre-intervention period (07/2016-06/2017) was compared to post-intervention period (07/2018-08/2019) following a 1-year washout period. Results During the study, 147 post-sexual assault patients (59 Pre, 88 Post) were included. One hundred thirty-three (90.4%) were female, 68 (46.6%) were African American and 133 (90.4%) were candidates for nPEP. Median time to presentation following assault was 12.6 hours. nPEP was offered to 40 (67.8%) and 84 (95.5%) patients (P< 0.001) and ultimately prescribed to 29 (49.2%) and 71 (80.7%) patients (P< 0.001) in pre and post periods respectively. Renal function (37.3% vs 88.6%; P< 0.001), pregnancy (39.0% vs 79.6%; P< 0.001), syphilis (3.4% vs 89.8%; P< 0.001), hepatitis B (15.3% vs 95.5%; P< 0.001) and hepatitis C (27.1% vs 94.3%) screening occurred more frequently during the post period. Labratory, nPEP Prescription and Follow up Details for Patients Prescribed nPEP Conclusion The standardization of an nPEP ED protocol for sexual assault victims resulted in increased nPEP administration, appropriateness of prescription, screening for other sexually transmitted infectious and scheduling follow up care. While guideline compliance dramatically improved, further interventions are likely warranted in this vulnerable population. Disclosures Ryan K. Dare, MD, MS, Accelerate Diagnostics, Inc (Research Grant or Support)

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