Effect on sediment delivery ratio by changes in land use land cover and construction of hydraulic structures at sub basin scale

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
B. R. Joshi ◽  
S. M. Yadav
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Land Cover ◽  
Hydraulic Structures ◽  
Delivery Ratio ◽  
Land Use Land Cover ◽  
Sediment Delivery Ratio ◽  
Sediment Delivery ◽  
Basin Scale

scholarly journals Land use/land cover change effect on Soil erosion and Sediment Delivery on Winike Watershed, Omo Gibe Basin, Ethiopia

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abreham Berta Aneseyee
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Soil Erosion ◽  
Land Cover ◽  
Land Cover Change ◽  
Soil Loss ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Delivery Ratio ◽  
Land Use Land Cover ◽  
Sediment Delivery ◽  
Sediment Export

Abstract Background: Information on soil loss and sediment export is essential to identify hotspots of soil erosion for conservation interventions in a given watershed. This study aims at investigating the dynamic of soil loss and sediment export associated with land use/land cover change and identifies soil loss hotspot areas in Winike watershed of Omo-gibe basin of Ethiopia. Spatial data collected from satellite images, topographic maps, meteorological and soil data were analyzed. Integrated Valuation of Ecosystem Services and Tradeoffs (InVEST) of sediment delivery ratio (SDR) model was used based on analysis of land use/land cover maps and RUSLE factors. Result: The results showed that total soil loss increased from 774.86 thousand tons in 1988 to 951.21 thousand tons in 2018 while the corresponding sediment export increased by 3.85 thousand tons in the same period. These were subsequently investigated in each land-use type. Cultivated fields generated the highest soil erosion rate, which increased by 10.02 t/ha/year in 1988 to 43.48 t/ha/year in 2018. This corresponds with the expansion of the cultivated area that increased from 44.95 thousand ha in 1988 to 59.79 thousand ha in 2018. This is logical as the correlation between soil loss and sediment delivery and expansion of cultivated area is highly significant (p<0.01). Sub-watershed six (SW-6) generated the highest soil loss (62.77 t/ha/year) and sediment export 16.69 t/ha/year, followed by Sub-watershed ten (SW-10) that are situated in the upland plateau. Conversely, the lower reaches of the watershed are under dense vegetation cover and experiencing less erosion. Conclusion: Overall, the changes in land use/land cover affect significantly the soil erosion and sediment export dynamism. This research is used to identify an area to prioritize the watershed for immediate management practices. Thus, land use policy measures need to be enforced to protect the hydropower generation dams at downstream and the ecosystem at the watershed.

scholarly journals Hydrological Responses to Land Use Land Cover Changes in the Fincha’a Watershed, Ethiopia

Land ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 916
Author(s):  
Urgessa Kenea ◽  
Dereje Adeba ◽  
Motuma Shiferaw Regasa ◽  
Michael Nones
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Land Cover ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Swat Model ◽  
Landsat 8 ◽  
Land Use Land Cover ◽  
Hydrological Response ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Hydrological Responses ◽  
Basin Scale

Land use land cover (LULC) changes are highly pronounced in African countries, as they are characterized by an agriculture-based economy and a rapidly growing population. Understanding how land use/cover changes (LULCC) influence watershed hydrology will enable local governments and policymakers to formulate and implement effective and appropriate response strategies to minimize the undesirable effects of future land use/cover change or modification and sustain the local socio-economic situation. The hydrological response of the Ethiopia Fincha’a watershed to LULCC that happened during 25 years was investigated, comparing the situation in three reference years: 1994, 2004, and 2018. The information was derived from Landsat sensors, respectively Landsat 5 TM, Landsat 7 ETM, and Landsat 8 OLI/TIRS. The various LULC classes were derived via ArcGIS using a supervised classification system, and the accuracy assessment was done using confusion matrixes. For all the years investigated, the overall accuracies and the kappa coefficients were higher than 80%, with 2018 as the more accurate year. The analysis of LULCC revealed that forest decreased by 20.0% between the years 1994–2004, and it decreased by 11.8% in the following period 2004–2018. Such decline in areas covered by forest is correlated to an expansion of cultivated land by 16.4% and 10.81%, respectively. After having evaluated the LULCC at the basin scale, the watershed was divided into 18 sub-watersheds, which contained 176 hydrologic response units (HRUs), having a specific LULC. Accounting for such a detailed subdivision of the Fincha’a watershed, the SWAT model was firstly calibrated and validated on past data, and then applied to infer information on the hydrological response of each HRU on LULCC. The modelling results pointed out a general increase of average water flow, both during dry and wet periods, as a consequence of a shift of land coverage from forest and grass towards settlements and build-up areas. The present analysis pointed out the need of accounting for past and future LULCC in modelling the hydrological responses of rivers at the watershed scale.

scholarly journals Quantifying Land Use Land Cover Changes in the Lake Victoria Basin Using Satellite Remote Sensing: The Trends and Drivers between 1985 and 2014

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (17) ◽  
pp. 2829 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robinson Mugo ◽  
Rose Waswa ◽  
James W. Nyaga ◽  
Antony Ndubi ◽  
Emily C. Adams ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Land Cover ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Lake Victoria ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Land Cover Changes ◽  
Land Use Land Cover ◽  
Lake Victoria Basin ◽  
Basin Scale

The Lake Victoria Basin (LVB) is a significant resource for five states within East Africa, which faces major land use land cover changes that threaten ecosystem integrity and ecosystem services derived from the basin’s resources. To assess land use land cover changes between 1985 and 2014, and subsequently determine the trends and drivers of these changes, we used a series of Landsat images and field data obtained from the LVB. Landsat image pre-processing and band combinations were done in ENVI 5.1. A supervised classification was applied on 118 Landsat scenes using the maximum likelihood classifier in ENVI 5.1. The overall accuracy of classified images was computed for the 2014 images using 124 reference data points collected through stratified random sampling. Computations of area under various land cover classes were calculated between the 1985 and 2014 images. We also correlated the area from natural vegetation classes to farmlands and settlements (urban areas) to explore relationships between land use land cover conversions among these classes. Based on our land cover classifications, we obtained overall accuracy of 71% and a moderate Kappa statistic of 0.56. Our results indicate that the LVB has undergone drastic changes in land use land cover, mainly driven by human activities that led to the conversion of forests, woodlands, grasslands, and wetlands to either farmlands or settlements. We conclude that information from this work is useful not only for basin-scale assessments and monitoring of land cover changes but also for targeting, prioritizing, and monitoring of small scale, community led efforts to restore degraded and fragmented areas in the basin. Such efforts could mitigate the loss of ecosystem services previously derived from large contiguous land covers which are no longer tenable to restore. We recommend adoption of a basin scale, operational, Earth observation-based, land use change monitoring framework. Such a framework can facilitate rapid and frequent assessments of gains and losses in specific land cover classes and thus focus strategic interventions in areas experiencing major losses, through mitigation and compensatory approaches.

scholarly journals PREDIKSI EROSI DAN SEDIMENTASI PADA BERBAGAI PENGGUNAAN LAHAN DI SUB DAS MASANG BAGIAN HULU DI KABUPATEN AGAM

Jurnal Solum ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 11
Author(s):  
Aprisal Aprisal
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Crop Coefficient ◽  
Soil Survey ◽  
Delivery Ratio ◽  
Sediment Delivery Ratio ◽  
Sediment Delivery ◽  
Data Analyses ◽  
Housing Area

Erosion and sedimentation prediction in sub-watershed Masang was conducted to predict amount of soil eroded and sedimented from several land use in the location, and to find out  alternative land use that can suppress erosion to be equal to or less than tolerated erosion as well.  Methods employed to do this research were 1) analysis of basic data (topography map, land use map, and secondary data such as rainfall data from the nearest meteorology station), 2) soil survey and identification to field, 3) soil analyses at laboratorium, and 4) data analyses using USLE erosion model and sediment delivery ratio (SDR).  The results showed that amount of soil eroded from all land use except from forest was higher than tolerated erosion.  Among the types of land use were mixed garden, housing, plantation, and bush.  Higher erosion than tolerated erosion was probably due to low plant density, big percentage of uncover land, therefore, raindrops became easier to hit soil and then disperse the aggregates.  As a consequence, erosion and sedimentation became bigger.  Soil eroded could be minimized into the same or less than tolerated erosion by implementing conservation agroecotechnology by reducing crop coefficient value (into 0.001) through increasing plant density and changing bush land into garden or plantation.  For housing area, the area should be planted by perennial crops, should be provided by terraces to ditches to pass runoff.  Soil sedimentl was calculated to be higher from garden and bush, but by implementing agroecotechnology conservation sediment can be controlled.Keywords: erosion, sedimentation, watershed

scholarly journals The impact of land use/land cover changes and hydraulic structures on flood recession process

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 375-387 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chun Chang ◽  
Ping Feng
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Land Cover ◽  
Storage Capacity ◽  
Hydraulic Structures ◽  
Land Cover Changes ◽  
Land Use Land Cover ◽  
Soil Moisture Storage ◽  
Recession Curves ◽  
Moisture Storage

Intensified human activities have brought about great changes in runoff generation and convergence. As a significant part of the hydrological process, recession flows represent the capacity of a river basin to store rain and drain it during dry periods; therefore study of the influence of human-induced factors on flood flow recession is of great importance. The Fuping sub-catchment was selected as the study area. Comparisons of land use/land cover and soil moisture storage capacity changes were made between reference and impaired periods. In addition, 64 recession flows during 1958–2005 were simulated using the linear and non-linear reservoir recession models. Then the influence of land use/land cover changes and hydraulic structures on recession flows was identified. Results showed that grassland and cultivated land declined in area while forests increased. At the same time, there was a sharp increase in the soil moisture storage capacity. The non-linear recession model, being more accurate than the linear recession model, was used to simulate the recession process. Compared with recession curves before 1980, the initial outflow from the basin declined while the power law coefficient and recession duration increased; the power law exponent was relatively constant. Furthermore, the shapes of recession curves were flattened.

scholarly journals The Effect of Changes in Land Cover on Total Sediment Yield in Peusangan Watershed, Aceh Province

2021 ◽  
Vol 925 (1) ◽  
pp. 012029
Author(s):  
E Djunarsjah ◽  
M M Julian ◽  
N R Alfandi ◽  
A A Baskoro
Keyword(s):  
Land Cover ◽  
Sediment Yield ◽  
Erosion Rate ◽  
River Flow ◽  
Water Infiltration ◽  
Delivery Ratio ◽  
Sediment Delivery Ratio ◽  
Sediment Delivery ◽  
Aceh Province ◽  
Total Sediment

Abstract The watershed is an area above or higher than a river whose topographical boundaries cause water to flow into the same river. The river flow carries sediment particles that potentially cause silting of the estuary area. The sediment carried by the river flows from the erosion process that occurs in the watershed. Changes in land cover potentially affect the rate of sediment export to rivers due to changes in surface roughness and water infiltration rate to the ground. This study aims to identify the effect of the land cover change on the total sediment yield from the Peusangan Watershed, Aceh Province. The sediment yield is calculated from the erosion rate and the sediment delivery ratio. The erosion rate is modeled using the revised universal soil loss equation, while the sediment delivery ratio is calculated based on the function of the watershed area. From the results of the calculation, in general, the rate of erosion is at a very level where the average erosion rate in 1995 is 26,715 tons/ha/year, in 2005 it is 26,886 tons/ha/year, in 2015 it is 24,959 tons/ha/year and in 2018 amounted to 26,771 tons/ha/year. With a sediment delivery ratio value of 0.180, The total sediment yield was 1,083,148.20 tons in 1995, 1,090,047.94 tons in 2005, 1,011,920.71 tons in 2015, and 1,085,398.35 tons in 2018. The identification results show that the changes in land cover affect the total sediment yield that comes out of the watershed.

scholarly journals PREDIKSI EROSI DAN SEDIMENTASI PADA BERBAGAI PENGGUNAAN LAHAN DI SUB DAS DANAU LIMAU MANIS PADA DAS KURANJI KOTA PADANG

Jurnal Solum ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 61
Author(s):  
Aprisal Aprisal ◽  
Junaidi Junaidi
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Soil Aggregates ◽  
Crop Coefficient ◽  
Delivery Ratio ◽  
Land Uses ◽  
Sediment Delivery Ratio ◽  
Sediment Delivery ◽  
Erosion Prediction ◽  
Conservation Method

Erosion prediction and sedimentation measurement in sub-watershed Danau Limau Manis was conducted to predict erosion and sedimentation from several land uses there, as well as to find out other types of land use being able to reduce erosion as tolerated one.   Methods used for this research was divided into {1) soil map analyses(topography and land use), rainfall data, (2) survey and soil sampling in the field, (3) soil analyses in laboratory, and (4) data analyses using erosion model “USLE” and “Sediment Delivery Ratio”.  The results showed that there 4 types of land use (mixed garden, settlement, farming, and bush) having erosion higher than tolerated erosion(etol).  This was due to low plant density and many areas open, therefore, rainfall will directly struck soil aggregates causing dispersion. To eliminate or reduce the erosion rate into etol could be done by “agroecotechnology conservation”method.  That is by increasing plant density,  changing bush land into garden so that the crop coefficient will became 0.001.  While at settlement area, it should be planted by perennial trees, built terrace and water ditch.  Garden and bush land contributed highest amount of sediment, however it can be reduced if agroecotechnology conservation method is applied.Key word: watershed, erosion, sedimentation

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