scholarly journals The Effect of Changes in Land Cover on Total Sediment Yield in Peusangan Watershed, Aceh Province

2021 ◽  
Vol 925 (1) ◽  
pp. 012029
Author(s):  
E Djunarsjah ◽  
M M Julian ◽  
N R Alfandi ◽  
A A Baskoro
Keyword(s):  
Land Cover ◽  
Sediment Yield ◽  
Erosion Rate ◽  
River Flow ◽  
Water Infiltration ◽  
Delivery Ratio ◽  
Sediment Delivery Ratio ◽  
Sediment Delivery ◽  
Aceh Province ◽  
Total Sediment

Abstract The watershed is an area above or higher than a river whose topographical boundaries cause water to flow into the same river. The river flow carries sediment particles that potentially cause silting of the estuary area. The sediment carried by the river flows from the erosion process that occurs in the watershed. Changes in land cover potentially affect the rate of sediment export to rivers due to changes in surface roughness and water infiltration rate to the ground. This study aims to identify the effect of the land cover change on the total sediment yield from the Peusangan Watershed, Aceh Province. The sediment yield is calculated from the erosion rate and the sediment delivery ratio. The erosion rate is modeled using the revised universal soil loss equation, while the sediment delivery ratio is calculated based on the function of the watershed area. From the results of the calculation, in general, the rate of erosion is at a very level where the average erosion rate in 1995 is 26,715 tons/ha/year, in 2005 it is 26,886 tons/ha/year, in 2015 it is 24,959 tons/ha/year and in 2018 amounted to 26,771 tons/ha/year. With a sediment delivery ratio value of 0.180, The total sediment yield was 1,083,148.20 tons in 1995, 1,090,047.94 tons in 2005, 1,011,920.71 tons in 2015, and 1,085,398.35 tons in 2018. The identification results show that the changes in land cover affect the total sediment yield that comes out of the watershed.

scholarly journals Spatial Decision Assistance of Watershed Sedimentation (SDAS): Development and Application

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Poerbandono ◽  
agung budi harto ◽  
Miga Magenika Julian
Keyword(s):  
Land Cover ◽  
Sediment Yield ◽  
Erosion Rate ◽  
Delivery Ratio ◽  
Observation Data ◽  
Sediment Discharge ◽  
Sediment Delivery ◽  
Spatial Unit ◽  
Model Soil ◽  
Minimum Number

This paper discusses the development and application of a spatial tool for erosion modeling named Spatial Decision Assistance of Watershed Sedimentation (SDAS). SDAS computes export (yield) of sediment from watershed as product of erosion rate and sediment delivery ratio (SDR). The erosion rate is calculated for each raster grid according to a digital elevation model, soil, rain fall depth, and land cover data using the Universal Soil Loss Equation. SDR calculation is carried out for each spatial unit. A spatial unit is the smallest sub-watershed considered in the model and generated according to the TauDEM algorithm. The size of one spatial unit is assigned by the user as the minimum number of raster grids. SDR is inversely proportional to sediment resident time and controlled by rainfall, slope, soil, and land cover. Application of SDAS is demonstrated in this paper by simulating the spatial distribution of the annual sediment yield across the Citarum watershed in the northwest of Java, Indonesia. SDAS calibration was carried out based on sediment discharge observations from the upper catchment. We considered factors for hillslope flow depth and for actual and effective rainfall duration to fit the computed sediment yield to the observed sediment discharge. The computed sediment yield agreed with the observation data with a 7% mean relative accuracy.

KAJIAN EROSI LAHAN DI KAWASAN AIR STRIP RUNWAY 2600 BANDARA DEPATI AMIR (PGK) BERDASARKAN TATA GUNA LAHAN MASTERPLAN ULTIMATE

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 100-111
Author(s):  
Miskar Maini ◽  
Junita Eka Susanti
Keyword(s):  
Sediment Yield ◽  
Soil Loss ◽  
Universal Soil Loss Equation ◽  
Delivery Ratio ◽  
Sediment Delivery Ratio ◽  
Sediment Delivery ◽  
Soil Loss Equation

Standar permintaan engineering pesawat agar desain bangunan infrastruktur di area Air Strip Runway 2600 yang ada dapat mempunyai fungsi lain. Sedangkan kondisi lain sangat menentukan keselamatan karena lahan di sekitar Air Strip Runway 2600 Bandara Depati Amir (PGK) jika tidak ditutupi vegetasi seperti rumput, kondisi lain lahan yang belum ditutupi vegetasi di sekitar Air Strip Runway 2600 berpotensi akan mengalami erosi lahan, kemudian hasil erosi lahan ini akan terbawa oleh aliran air sehingga akan masuk ke saluran drainase yang akan menyebabkan sedimentasi pada saluran drainase tersebut, akhirnya akan berkurang efektifitas kinerja saluran drainase tersebut. Metode yang digunakan untuk memprediksi laju rata-rata erosi di area Air Strip Runway 2600 dengan memperhitungkan faktor erosivitas hujan, erodibilitas tanah, kemiringan lereng atau panjang lereng, pengelolaan tanaman dan konservasi tanah, yang masing masing tata guna lahan tersebut mengacu pada Masterplan Ultimate Bandara Depati Amir (PGK). Perhitungan dilakukan menggunakan persamaan USLE (Universal Soil Loss Equation) yang dikembangkan oleh Wischmeier dan Smith (1965, 1978), kemudian Sediment Delivery Ratio (SDR) dan Sediment Yield.Hasil penelitian ini, prediksi laju erosi permukaan pada area Air Strip Runway 2600 Bandara Depati Amir (PGK) tahun pertama yang mencapai 5,60 mm/tahun atau 100,76 Ton/Ha/tahun, laju erosi tahun kedua mencapai 3,38 mm/tahun atau 60,84 Ton/Ha/tahun dapat diklasifikasikan ke dalam kelas bahaya erosi sedang (kelas III) dan nilai SDR adalah sebesar 56,3%, nilai sediment yield (SR) pada tahun pertama sebesar 5.887,59 Ton/Tahun, pada tahun kedua ketika rumput pada area Air Strip telah tumbuh dengan sempurna terjadi penurunan hasil sediment yield yaitu nilai SR sebesar 3.554,85 Ton/Tahun.

Soil Sediment Loading and Related Environmental Impacts from Farms

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vito Ferro
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Soil Erosion ◽  
Sediment Yield ◽  
Water Storage ◽  
Sediment Deposition ◽  
Delivery Ratio ◽  
Sediment Delivery Ratio ◽  
Sediment Delivery ◽  
Soil Particles

Beyond damage to rainfed agricultural and forestry ecosystems, soil erosion due to water affects surrounding environments. Large amounts of eroded soil are deposited in streams, lakes, and other ecosystems. The most costly off-site damages occur when eroded particles, transported along the hillslopes of a basin, arrive at the river network or are deposited in lakes. The negative effects of soil erosion include water pollution and siltation, organic matter loss, nutrient loss, and reduction in water storage capacity. Sediment deposition raises the bottom of waterways, making them more prone to overflowing and flooding. Sediments contaminate water ecosystems with soil particles and the fertilizer and pesticide chemicals they contain. Siltation of reservoirs and dams reduces water storage, increases the maintenance cost of dams, and shortens the lifetime of reservoirs. Sediment yield is the quantity of transported sediments, in a given time interval, from eroding sources through the hillslopes and river network to a basin outlet. Chemicals can also be transported together with the eroded sediments. Sediment deposition inside a reservoir reduces the water storage of a dam. The prediction of sediment yield can be carried out by coupling an erosion model with a mathematical operator which expresses the sediment transport efficiency of the hillslopes and the channel network. The sediment lag between sediment yield and erosion can be simply represented by the sediment delivery ratio, which can be calculated at the outlet of the considered basin, or by using a distributed approach. The former procedure couples the evaluation of basin soil loss with an estimate of the sediment delivery ratio SDRW for the whole watershed. The latter procedure requires that the watershed be discretized into morphological units, areas having a constant steepness and a clearly defined length, for which the corresponding sediment delivery ratio is calculated. When rainfall reaches the surface horizon of the soil, some pollutants are desorbed and go into solution while others remain adsorbed and move with soil particles. The spatial distribution of the loading of nitrogen, phosphorous, and total organic carbon can be deduced using the spatial distribution of sediment yield and the pollutant content measured on soil samples. The enrichment concept is applied to clay, organic matter, and all pollutants adsorbed by soil particles, such as nitrogen and phosphorous. Knowledge of both the rate and pattern of sediment deposition in a reservoir is required to establish the remedial strategies which may be practicable. Repeated reservoir capacity surveys are used to determine the total volume occupied by sediment, the sedimentation pattern, and the shift in the stage-area and stage-storage curves. By converting the sedimentation volume to sediment mass, on the basis of estimated or measured bulk density, and correcting for trap efficiency, the sediment yield from the basin can be computed.

scholarly journals MODELLING RESERVOIR SEDIMENTATION AT BIN EL OUIDANE DAM, MOROCCO

AGROFOR ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
El Mouatassime SABRI ◽  
Ahmed BOUKDIR ◽  
Rachid El MASLOUHI ◽  
Mustapha MABROUKI ◽  
Abdellah EL MAHBOUL ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Information System ◽  
Soil Erosion ◽  
Sediment Yield ◽  
Delivery Ratio ◽  
Reservoir Sedimentation ◽  
Mountainous Areas ◽  
Sediment Delivery Ratio ◽  
Sediment Delivery ◽  
Sparse Vegetation ◽  
Bin El Ouidane

This study was conducted in the Oued El Abid watershed upstream of the Bin ElOuidane dam, in Tadla-Azilal province (Morocco) to quantify the dam siltationrates. To assess the annual soil erosion and the sediment yield the universal soilloss equation (USLE) was used. A geographic information system (GIS) was usedto generate and integrate maps of the USLE factors. A spatial distribution of soilerosion in the Oued El Abid watershed was obtained. The soil erosion wasdetermined for each rural commune in order to identify the soil erosion hotspot andestimate the amount of soil that has been transported downstream (Bin El OuidaneDam). Soil erosion ranged from very limited values for flat and well covered areasto over 2100 t /ha/y in mountainous areas with sparse vegetation. The total annualsoil loss within the watershed is estimated at 19. 6 million tons per year. Anequation of sediment delivery ratio (SDR) based on river gradient was calculated.It was found that the value of SDR at the outlet of the watershed Oued El Abid was0. 65 with a sediment yield of 12. 74 million tons per year which affect thedurability of the dam.

scholarly journals Spatial Modeling of Sediment Export Rate with Rainfall Variability Scenario in Peusangan Watershed, Aceh Province

2021 ◽  
Vol 925 (1) ◽  
pp. 012026
Author(s):  
E Djunarsjah ◽  
M M Julian ◽  
A A Baskoro ◽  
N R Alfandi
Keyword(s):  
Erosion Rate ◽  
Rainfall Variability ◽  
Annual Number ◽  
Delivery Ratio ◽  
Water Runoff ◽  
Sediment Delivery ◽  
Export Rate ◽  
Aceh Province ◽  
Sediment Export

Abstract The rainfall affects the environmental interaction of watersheds and coastal areas. The high intensity of rain and water runoff will lift and carry particles in the watershed environment in the erosion process. This study estimates the total exports of sediment in Peusangan Watershed in the period 1995, 2005, 2015, and 2018 with rainfall variability scenarios. Total sediment exports are calculated from the erosion rate and sediment delivery ratio (SDR). Erosion rate modeling uses the RUSLE (Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation) that takes into account erosivity of rainfall, soil erodiability, topography, land cover, and land-use practices. While SDR is calculated based on its function as watershed area so that homogeneous value that causes the value of sediment export rate is directly proportional to the erosion rate value. The correlation between rainfall variability and sediment export rates is calculated based on rainfall variability correlation to erosion rate change. There is a direct relationship between rainfall variability and sediment export rates because the correlation coefficient is close to one. The rate of erosion in Peusangan watersheds falls into the light category based on the classification of erosion hazard levels according to the Ministry of Forestry in 1998. Based on the estimated rate of erosion and SDR, the total annual number of sediment exports obtained in the Peusangan watershed in 1995, 2005, 2015, and 2018 amounted to 1,066,027,426 tons, 909,914,623 tons, 1,075,759,133 tons, and 1,085,490,841 tons, respectively. Based on the spatial distribution of sediment export, Peusangan Watershed falls into the category of normal erosion.

scholarly journals PREDICTING SOIL EROSION AND SEDIMENT YIELD IN THE TAPACURÁ CATCHMENT, BRAZIL

2014 ◽  
pp. 75-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richarde Marques Da Silva ◽  
Celso A. G. Santos ◽  
Alexandro Medeiros Silva
Keyword(s):  
Sediment Yield ◽  
Quantitative Estimation ◽  
Delivery Ratio ◽  
Sediment Delivery Ratio ◽  
Sediment Delivery ◽  
Resources Management ◽  
Erosion Coefficient ◽  
Erodibility Coefficient ◽  
Empirical Coefficients ◽  
Annual Sediment

The EPM is a model for qualifying the erosion severity and estimating the total annual sediment yield. The EPM uses empirical coefficients (erodibility coefficient, protection coefficient and erosion coefficient) and a matrix of the basin physical characteristics. The EPM gives a quantitative estimation of erosion intensity as well as the estimation of sediment yield and transportation. To analyze the suitability of the Gavrilovic method for use with GIS techniques, we prepared cartographic data on geology, pedology, slope, temperature and land use in digital form. A raster-based Geographic Information System (GIS) was applied to generate the erosion-severity and sediment yield maps. In order to validate the EPM estimated erosion, data annual sediment yield were collected between 1999 and 2007. The results showed a mean sediment delivery ratio (SDR) of around 8% and a calculated mean sediment yield of 0.108 t/ha/year, which is close to the observed one, 0.169 t/ha/year. The obtained soil loss map could be considered as a useful tool for environmental monitoring and water resources management.

scholarly journals Different approaches to estimate the sediment yield in a tropical watershed

RBRH ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Carina Barbosa Colman ◽  
Karina Mendes Pinheiro Garcia ◽  
Rodrigo Bahia Pereira ◽  
Enio Arriero Shinma ◽  
Fernanda Ely Lima ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sediment Yield ◽  
Soil Loss ◽  
Delivery Ratio ◽  
Ungauged Basins ◽  
Sediment Delivery Ratio ◽  
Sediment Delivery ◽  
Yield Values ◽  
Sdr Model ◽  
Tropical Watershed ◽  
Soil Loss Equation

ABSTRACT Several Sediment Delivery Ratio (SDR) models have been used to estimate Sediment Yield (SY), mainly in data-scarce and ungauged basins, such as in many regions of Brazil. However, it is difficult to choose the most suitable SDR model, mainly because of the lack of investigations of this approach using observed data. Here, we investigated the performance of five widely used SDR models (SDREST) to estimate sediment yield values (SYEST ) based on observed data in a tropical watershed. We used observed sediment yield values (SY OBS) during September 2011 to July 2017 in three sub-basins of the Guariroba Basin, Midwestern Brazil. To estimate the average annual soil loss, we used the Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation. The SDROBS and SYOBS ranged from 5.56 to 10.54% and 940.76 to 5,400.32 t yr-1, respectively. The Williams and Berndt (1972) method presented the best performance, with a percent bias ranging from -2.34 to 3.30% in SRD estimation. Therefore, this model provided suitable SDR and SY estimates, and may be useful to estimate SY in other tropical data-scarce and ungauged basins.

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