Outcome at two weeks in patients with Traumatic brain injury following road traffic accidents in an urban tertiary hospital in Uganda

ABSTRACT:BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVE: To compare the results of surgically operated vs conservatively treated patients of cerebral contusions due to traumatic brain injury. METHODOLOGY: This comparative study was conducted from January 2012 to December 2014 at the department of Neurosurgery, PGMI Lahore General Hospital, Lahore. A total of 50 patients were included in this study of both gender (male and female) and in the age range of 15-65 years. In our study 20 patients were managed conservatively while other 30 patients were operated for cerebral contusions. The mode of injury in our study was road traﬃc accidents and history of falls. RESULTS: Out of 50 patients, there were 41 (82%) males and 09 (18%) female patients. Their age ranged from 15 - 65 years. In this study the overall mean age is 38.36 years. The maximum numbers of patients were in their third and fourth decades of life. In our study the duration of hospital stay in conservatively managed patients was longer as compared to surgically treated patients who were discharged earlier. Mortality rate in surgically managed patients having a GCS ranged between 09 to 12 was very low contrary to the conservatively managed group, similarly the rate of delayed contusion formation and edema was also low in surgically managed patients as compared to those who were managed conservatively. CONCLUSION: Surgically managed patients of cerebral contusions in traumatic brain injury has better outcome and decreased hospital stay as compared to conservatively managed patients.

Download Full-text

Traumatic Brain Injury Patterns on Ct Scan: A Comparison of Motorcyclist Versus Passenger Vehicle Patients Involved in Road Traffic Accidents

IIUM Medical Journal Malaysia ◽

10.31436/imjm.v16i1.1189 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 16 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Radhiana Hassan ◽

Muniruddin Mohamad ◽

Muhamad Zaim Azami ◽

Husin Ali ◽

Hafizah Pasi

Keyword(s):

Traumatic Brain Injury ◽

Brain Injury ◽

Traffic Accidents ◽

Road Traffic ◽

Skull Fracture ◽

Common Finding ◽

Subdural Hemorrhage ◽

Road Traffic Accidents ◽

Passenger Vehicle ◽

Injury Patterns

Introduction: Traumatic brain injury following road traffic accidents is a common cause of morbidity and mortality in Malaysia. We aim to determine the differences of traumatic brain injury patterns based on CT findings among motorcyclist versus passenger vehicle patients involved in road traffic accidents. Materials and method: This retrospective study was conducted in Hospital Tengku Ampuan Afzan (HTAA), Kuantan, Pahang. A total of 100 CT scan brains of patients who were involved in road traffic accidents were retrieved and reviewed, 50 of them were motorcyclists and the other 50 were passenger vehicles. Results: Fifty percent of the motorcyclists had an abnormal CT brain finding while only 24% of the passenger vehicle showed abnormal finding. Among motorcyclist, skull fracture was the most common finding (30%) followed by subdural hemorrhage (28%). Among passenger vehicle, the most common finding was subdural hemorrhage (10%) followed by subarachnoid hemorrhage, intraparenchymal haemorrhage and skull fracture (8% each). The motorcyclist had significantly higher rate of subdural haemorrhage, extradural haemorrhage, intraparenchymal contusion and skull fracture compared to passenger vehicle patients with p value of 0.02, 0.03, 0.007 and 0.005 respectively. Conclusion: The occurrence of traumatic brain injury was significantly higher among the motorcyclist compared to passenger vehicle patients involved in road traffic accidents. The findings of this study highlighted the need for taking further measures to increase safety among the motorcyclists.

Download Full-text

Impact of helmet use on traumatic brain injury from road traffic accidents in Cambodia

Traffic Injury Prevention ◽

10.1080/15389588.2017.1342821 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 19 (1) ◽

pp. 66-70 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Saksham Gupta ◽

Katherine Klaric ◽

Nang Sam ◽

Vuthy Din ◽

Tina Juschkewitz ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Traumatic Brain Injury ◽

Brain Injury ◽

Traffic Accidents ◽

Road Traffic ◽

Road Traffic Accidents ◽

Helmet Use

Download Full-text

Post concussion syndrome after mild traumatic brain injury in a single neurosurgical center in East Coast, Malaysia - A preliminary report

IIUM Medical Journal Malaysia ◽

10.31436/imjm.v15i1.1377 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 15 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Mohamed Saufi Awang ◽

Buveinthiran Balakrishnan ◽

Chan Kin Hup ◽

Razman Mohd Rus

Keyword(s):

Traumatic Brain Injury ◽

Brain Injury ◽

Mild Traumatic Brain Injury ◽

Traffic Accidents ◽

Brain Injuries ◽

East Coast ◽

Road Traffic ◽

Adult Population ◽

Road Traffic Accidents ◽

Post Concussion Syndrome

Introduction: Mild traumatic brain injury is the most common form of traumatic brain injury. Individuals sustaining mild head injuries often complain of a cluster of symptoms termed post concussion syndrome. Post concussion syndrome can be profoundly disabling. Thus the aim of this study is to determine the prevalence of post concussion syndrome in an adult population with mild traumatic brain injury in a single neurosurgical center in East Coast, Malaysia. Methods: Cross Sectional study, in a single neurosurgical center in Kuantan, Pahang. The study period is from January 2016 – December 2016. Universal sampling method was used, all patients with mild traumatic brain injury presenting to HTAA, meeting the inclusion and exclusion criteria is included in this study. Patients are then subjected to the checklist for diagnosis of post concussion syndrome as per ICD 10 classification at 2 weeks interval. Results: Between February 2016 – June 2016, a total of 136 patients with mild traumatic injury have been recruited to this study. The leading cause of mild traumatic brain injury is road traffic accidents, 86 patients (63.2%), and the mean age of this patient with mild traumatic brain injury is 28.8. Out of this number, 11 patients (8.1%) have been diagnosed with post concussion syndrome. Conclusions: The majority of individuals who sustain mild traumatic brain injuries are young adults, and the most common cause is road traffic accidents. Less than 10% of recruited patients suffered from post concussion syndrome.

Download Full-text

244 Traumatic Brain Injury Related Paediatric Mortality and Morbidity in Low- And Middle-Income Countries: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

British Journal of Surgery ◽

10.1093/bjs/znab258.002 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 108 (Supplement_6) ◽

Author(s):

S Bandyopadhyay ◽

M Kawka ◽

K Marks ◽

G Richards ◽

E Taylor ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Traumatic Brain Injury ◽

Brain Injury ◽

Traffic Accidents ◽

Road Traffic ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Road Traffic Accidents ◽

Middle Income ◽

Middle Income Countries ◽

Low And Middle Income

Abstract Aim Three million cases of paediatric traumatic brain injury (pTBI) occur annually, the majority of which occur in low-and-middle-income countries (LMICs). However, there is a paucity of data on the outcomes of pTBI available. We aimed to systematically review and synthesise the reported morbidity and mortality from pTBI in the published literature about LMICs. Method A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted. MEDLINE, EMBASE, Global Health, and Global Index Medicus were searched for relevant articles from January 2000 to May 2020. Observational or experimental studies on pTBI (individuals between the ages of 0 to 16 years) in LMICs were included. Morbidity data were descriptively analysed, and a random-effects model was used to pool mortality rates. PROSPERO ID: CRD42020171276. Results We included 145 studies from 38 countries representing 174073 patients with pTBI. Males were twice (95% CI: 1.6 – 2.4) as likely to have a pTBI than females. Where available, mild TBI represented ≥ 60% of all pTBI cases in most reports (n = 24/43, 56%). The commonest cited cause of pTBI was road traffic accidents (n = 16643/43083, 39%), followed by falls (n = 10927/43083, 25%). 4385 patients (n = 4385/18092, 24%) had a reduction from normal function on discharge. On average, there were 6.7 deaths per 100 cases of pTBI. Conclusions Only 38 LMICs have published data on the volume and burden of pTBI in their country. Limited data available suggests that young male children are at a high-risk of pTBIs in LMICs, particularly from road traffic accidents.

Download Full-text

What Are the Characteristics of Traumatic Brain Injury in Older Adults?

Brain Impairment ◽

10.1375/brim.12.1.71 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

pp. 71-75 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Glynda J. Kinsella

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Traumatic Brain Injury ◽

Brain Injury ◽

Traffic Accidents ◽

Considerable Increase ◽

Road Traffic ◽

Older Age ◽

Road Traffic Accidents ◽

Younger Adults ◽

Australian Community

AbstractThe Australian community is ageing; over the next 40 years, our population over the age of 65 years will double to around 23%, and this considerable increase in older adults means an increasing number of people will be at risk of sustaining trauma through falls or road traffic accidents. In contrast to the increasingly well-documented outcome literature on younger adults, very few studies have focused on older adults. Instead of assuming that outcomes posttraumatic brain injury (post-TBI) will follow similar patterns as in younger samples, there are several reasons to investigate older age recovery separately, and these issues will be discussed by reviewing some of the primary characteristics of older adults who experience traumatic brain injury.

Download Full-text

Epidemiological study of traumatic brain injury in a tertiary care centre in South India

International Surgery Journal ◽

10.18203/2349-2902.isj20203976 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 7 (10) ◽

pp. 3311

Author(s):

Prasanth Asher ◽

Jijo Joseph Joseph ◽

Varun Singh Pendro ◽

Anilkumar Peethambaran ◽

Rajmohan Bhanu Prabhakar

Keyword(s):

Traumatic Brain Injury ◽

Brain Injury ◽

Traffic Accidents ◽

Road Traffic ◽

Seat Belt ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Socioeconomic Background ◽

Common Mechanism ◽

Mechanism Of Injury ◽

Road Traffic Accidents

Background: This study investigated the epidemiological pattern of traumatic brain injury (TBI) in our hospital, so as to juxtapose with available statistics and formulate recommendations for patient betterment.Methods: The Government Medical College, Thiruvananthapuram was the setting of this cross-sectional longitudinal study and included all patients admitted with clinical/radiological evidence of TBI over a period of three months (October 2019 to December 2019). Details regarding mechanism of injury and the socioeconomic background of the subjects were collected during the stay in hospital, by means of a semi structured questionnaire. SPSS software was used to analyze the data collected.Results: Out of 658 patients included in the study, majority of the subjects belonged to the age group 30-60 years. About 80% of subjects were males. 63% were manual laborers. Majority of the patients had about 10-15 days’ stay in the hospital. Road traffic accidents were the most common mechanism of injury and involved two wheelers mainly. Lack of helmet and restraining seat belt was noted in a sizeable percent of the subjects. Loss of consciousness was the most common complaint and GCS in the majority of subjects ranged from 9-13. Subdural hematomas and hemorrhagic contusions were the most common CT findings. 39.7% of the patients had associated spinal injury. About 48% of the subjects were operated. There was 7% mortality.Conclusions: Road traffic accidents accounted for the majority of traumatic brain injury incidents and a sizeable portion of patients required expert neurosurgical care.

Download Full-text

Traumatic brain injury in adults

InnovAiT Education and inspiration for general practice ◽

10.1177/1755738017710043 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 10 (10) ◽

pp. 608-613 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Jayran Mistry ◽

Nicola Murray

Keyword(s):

Traumatic Brain Injury ◽

Brain Injury ◽

Traffic Accidents ◽

Road Traffic ◽

The Elderly ◽

Road Traffic Accidents ◽

Common Causes ◽

The Common ◽

The Uk

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a leading cause of death and disability worldwide. Falls, assaults and road traffic accidents are the most common causes, with alcohol precipitating 65% of adult cases. The incidence of TBI is highest in men. As the UK population ages, however, the incidence of TBI in the elderly is rising. Approximately 1 million people affected in the UK have long-term sequelae, and GPs should be aware of the common causes and consequences of TBI. This article will focus primarily on mild TBI in adults.

Download Full-text