Structural Evolution During and After Cessation of the Shear Flow for a Side-Chain-Type Liquid Crystalline Polysiloxane Above the Isotropic-Liquid Crystalline Phase Transition Temperature

2003 ◽  
Vol 42 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 901-914 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katsufumi Tanaka ◽  
Koichiro Yonetake ◽  
Toru Masuko ◽  
Ryuichi Akiyama
Keyword(s):  
Phase Transition ◽  
Transition Temperature ◽  
Shear Flow ◽  
Liquid Crystalline ◽  
Structural Evolution ◽  
Side Chain ◽  
Isotropic Liquid ◽  
Crystalline Phase Transition ◽  
Chain Type ◽  
Liquid Crystalline Polysiloxane

Methods for dehydration-tolerance: Depression of the phase transition temperature in dry membranes and carbohydrate vitrification

1998 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 211-221 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ann E. Oliver ◽  
Lois M. Crowe ◽  
John H. Crowe
Keyword(s):  
Phase Transition ◽  
Transition Temperature ◽  
Phase Transition Temperature ◽  
Lipid Membranes ◽  
Liquid Crystalline ◽  
Lipid A ◽  
Direct Interaction ◽  
Model Systems ◽  
Cellular Components ◽  
Crystalline Phase Transition

AbstractAnhydrobiosis, or life without water, is the remarkable ability of certain types of plants and animals to survive almost total dehydration. This phenomenon requires a coordinated series of events within the cells of anhydrobiotes that protect their cellular components, particularly proteins and lipid membranes, from damage caused by the removal of water. Much of what is now understood about preserving biological samples during drying was learned by studying naturally desiccation-tolerant organisms and extended using model systems such as phospholipid vesicles. Most anhydrobiotic organisms accumulate disaccharides in their cells and tissues during the dehydration process. These carbohydrates, usually sucrose or trehalose, satisfy two criteria that appear to be necessary for protecting membranes during desiccation and during storage in the dry state. These requirements include: (1) depression of the gel-to-liquid crystalline phase transition temperature (Tm) in the dehydrated lipid to a temperature at or near that of the hydrated lipid, a process that appears to require a direct interaction between the carbohydrates and the lipid molecules of the membrane; and (2) formation of a carbohydrate glass with a relatively high glass transition temperature, leading to inhibition of fusion between the vesicles.

Double Ordered Layers within Microphase-separated Lamellar Structure of Double Liquid Crystalline Side-chain Type Block Copolymer

2008 ◽  
Vol 37 (11) ◽  
pp. 1174-1175 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rina Maeda ◽  
Teruaki Hayakawa ◽  
Masatoshi Tokita ◽  
Masa-aki Kakimoto ◽  
Hiroaki Urushibata
Keyword(s):  
Block Copolymer ◽  
Lamellar Structure ◽  
Liquid Crystalline ◽  
Side Chain ◽  
Chain Type ◽  
Ordered Layers

scholarly journals Perylene-like Dyes in Liquid Crystalline Media

1996 ◽  
Vol 51 (7) ◽  
pp. 843-850 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ewa Mykowska ◽  
Danuta Bauman
Keyword(s):  
Phase Transition ◽  
Transition Temperature ◽  
Order Parameter ◽  
Liquid Crystalline ◽  
Fluorescent Dyes ◽  
Liquid Crystal Display ◽  
Isotropic Phase ◽  
Display Devices ◽  
Electrooptical Properties ◽  
Derivatives Of

Abstract The spectral and electrooptical properties of some dichroic fluorescent dyes (derivatives of 3.4,9,10-perylenetetracorboxylic acid and of 3,4,9-perylenetricarboxylic acid) in isotropic solvents and nematic liquid crystals have been studied. The order parameter of the dyes in the anisotropic matrices has been determined by means of optical spectroscopy methods. Moreover, the influence of the dye addition on the nematic-isotropic phase transition temperature of the pure host has been investigated. It was found that some of the dyes studied can be utilized in guest-host liquid crystal display devices.

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