scholarly journals EXAMINATION OF THE L FORMS OF GROUP A STREPTOCOCCI FOR THE GROUP-SPECIFIC POLYSACCHARIDE AND M PROTEIN

1957 ◽  
Vol 105 (2) ◽  
pp. 153-159 ◽  
Author(s):  
John T. Sharp ◽  
W. Hijmans ◽  
L. Dienes
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
M Protein ◽  
Cell Wall Polysaccharide ◽  
Group A Streptococci ◽  
Specific Polysaccharide ◽  
Group A

Two strains of L forms of group A streptococci were examined for group-specific polysaccharide and found to lack this substance. One of these was found to make a substance that had several properties in common with M protein. It is suggested that the absence of the cell wall polysaccharide is responsible for the lack of rigidity of the L form and that the L form of this species closely resembles protoplasts as prepared from other species.

scholarly journals Doubly Branched Hexasaccharide Epitope on the Cell Wall Polysaccharide of Group A Streptococci Recognized by Human and Rabbit Antisera

2005 ◽  
Vol 73 (10) ◽  
pp. 6383-6389 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francis Michon ◽  
Samuel L. Moore ◽  
John Kim ◽  
Milan S. Blake ◽  
France-Isabelle Auzanneau ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Rabbit Antiserum ◽  
Cell Wall Polysaccharide ◽  
Group A Streptococci ◽  
Group B Streptococci ◽  
Group A ◽  
Streptococcal Polysaccharide ◽  
Synthetic Oligosaccharides ◽  
Group B ◽  
Dominant Epitope

ABSTRACT A number of epitope specificities associated with the cell wall polysaccharide antigen of group A streptococci were identified in a polyclonal rabbit antiserum induced in rabbits by whole group A streptococci and in polyclonal convalescent human antisera from children that had recovered from streptococcal A infections. The identification was achieved by using a series of synthetic oligosaccharides, glycoconjugates, and bacterial polysaccharide inhibitors to inhibit the binding of the group A helical polysaccharide to the polyclonal antisera. The exclusively dominant epitope expressed in the convalescent human antisera was the doubly branched extended helical hexasaccharide with the structure α-l-Rhap(1→2)[β-d-GlcpNAc(1→3)]α-l-Rhap(1→3)α-l-Rhap(1→2)[β-d-GlcpNAc(1→3)]α-l-Rhap. The hexasaccharide epitope also bound with the highest immunoreactivity to the rabbit antiserum. In contrast, the human antisera did not show significant binding to the singly branched pentasaccharide with the structure α-l-Rhap(1→2)α-l-Rhap(1→3)α-l-Rhap(1→2)[β-d-GlcpNAc(1→3)]α-l-Rhap or the branched trisaccharide α-l-Rhap(1→2)[β-d-GlcpNAc(1→3)]α-l-Rhap, although both these haptens bound significantly to the same rabbit antiserum, albeit with less immunoreactivity than the hexasaccharide. Inhibition studies using streptococcal group A and B rabbit antisera and the inhibitors indicated above also suggested that the group A carbohydrate, unlike the group B streptococcal polysaccharide, does not contain the disaccharide α-l-Rhap(1→2)α-l-Rhap motif at its nonreducing chain terminus, stressing the importance of mapping the determinant specificities of these two important streptococcal subcapsular group polysaccharides to fully understand the serological relationships between group A and group B streptococci.

Non-M protein(s) on the cell wall and membrane of group A streptococci induce(s) IFN-γ production by dermal CD4 + T cells in psoriasis

2001 ◽  
Vol 293 (4) ◽  
pp. 165-170 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dean W. Brown ◽  
B. S. Baker ◽  
J.-M. Ovigne ◽  
Vincent A. Fischetti ◽  
Catherine Hardman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
Cell Wall ◽  
Cd4 T Cells ◽  
Protein S ◽  
M Protein ◽  
Group A Streptococci ◽  
Group A ◽  
Ifn Γ

scholarly journals STUDIES OF L FORMS AND PROTOPLASTS OF GROUP A STREPTOCOCCI

1959 ◽  
Vol 110 (6) ◽  
pp. 853-874 ◽  
Author(s):  
Earl H. Freimer ◽  
Richard M. Krause ◽  
Maclyn McCarty
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Cell Walls ◽  
M Protein ◽  
Group A Streptococci ◽  
Group A ◽  
Isolated Cell ◽  
Streptococcal Strain

L forms of Group A streptococci have been isolated by the use of penicillin gradient agar plates. Osmotically fragile protoplasts of Group A streptococci have been obtained by the use of Group C phage-associated lysin which lyses Group A streptococci and their isolated cell walls. Membranes surrounding these enzymatically derived protoplasts have been isolated, and chemical and immunological studies indicate that they are free of cell wall carbohydrate and M protein. The streptococcal protoplasts reproduce as colonies which are morphologically indistinguishable from streptococcal L forms. Evidence is presented to show that these two streptococcal derivatives are serologically and physiologically related to each other as well as to the parent streptococcal strain from which they were isolated.

scholarly journals THE LYSIS OF GROUP A HEMOLYTIC STREPTOCOCCI BY EXTRACELLULAR ENZYMES OF STREPTOMYCES ALBUS

1952 ◽  
Vol 96 (6) ◽  
pp. 569-580 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maclyn McCarty
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Extracellular Enzymes ◽  
Group A Streptococci ◽  
Carbohydrate Component ◽  
Streptococcal Cell Wall ◽  
Intact Cells ◽  
Enzymatic Lysis ◽  
Streptomyces Albus ◽  
Group A ◽  
Isolated Cell

Cell wall preparations of uniform chemical constitution have been obtained from several strains of group A streptococci. The isolated cell walls are dissolved by the same fractions of the Streptomyces albus enzymes that are effective in the lysis of intact cells, and it is likely that enzymatic lysis of group A streptococci is effected by an attack on the cell wall. The streptococcal cell wall, as prepared in this study, consists of approximately two-thirds carbohydrate and one-third protein. Small amounts of other components may be present. The carbohydrate component, which is composed primarily of N-acetyl-glucosamine and rhamnose, is the group-specific C carbohydrate. The evidence indicates that one of the streptomyces enzymes is directed toward the carbohydrate component of the cell wall.

Electron microscopy of the replicative events of A25 bacteriophages in group A streptococci

1972 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. E. Read ◽  
R. W. Reed
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Cell Wall ◽  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Nucleic Acid ◽  
Group A Streptococcus ◽  
Group A Streptococci ◽  
Virulent Phage ◽  
Acid Pool ◽  
Group A ◽  
A Cell

The replicative events of a virulent phage (A25) infection of a group A Streptococcus (T253) were studied using the electron microscope. The first intracellular evidence of phage replication in a cell occurred 30 min after infection with arrest of cell division and increase in the nucleic acid pool. Phage heads were evident in the nucleic acid pool of the cells 45 min after infection. Release of phages occurred by splitting of the cell wall along discrete lines. This appeared to be at sites of active wall synthesis, i.e., near the region of septum formation. Many phage components were released but relatively few complete phages indicating a relatively inefficient replicative system.

scholarly journals New 30-valent M protein-based vaccine evokes cross-opsonic antibodies against non-vaccine serotypes of group A streptococci

Vaccine ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 29 (46) ◽  
pp. 8175-8178 ◽  
Author(s):  
James B. Dale ◽  
Thomas A. Penfound ◽  
Edna Y. Chiang ◽  
William J. Walton
Keyword(s):  
M Protein ◽  
Group A Streptococci ◽  
Vaccine Serotypes ◽  
Group A
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