scholarly journals Pre-B and B cells in rabbits. Ontogeny and allelic exclusion of kappa light chain genes.

1978 ◽  
Vol 148 (5) ◽  
pp. 1367-1377 ◽  
Author(s):  
A R Hayward ◽  
M A Simons ◽  
A R Lawton ◽  
R G Mage ◽  
M D Cooper
Keyword(s):  
B Cells ◽  
B Lymphocytes ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Fetal Liver ◽  
General Pattern ◽  
Allelic Exclusion ◽  
Kappa Light Chain ◽  
Surface Immunoglobulin ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
Adult Bone

Pre-B cells in developing rabbits were identified by immunofluorescence as cells containing small amounts of cytoplasmic IgM (cIgM) but lacking surface immunoglobulin (sIg). During ontogeny the first pre-B cells appeared in fetal liver at 23 days gestation, 2 days before the appearance of sIgM+ B lymphocytes. Pre-B cells were relatively frequent in fetal and adult bone marrow, but were not found in other tissues except rarely in fetal spleen. Allelic exclusion is apparently established at this early stage of development, because individual pre-B cells and B lymphocytes from heterozygous rabbits expressed only one of the alternative alleles in amounts sufficient for detection. Development of isotype diversity among rabbit B lymphocytes followed the general pattern seen in mouse and man. sIgM+ cells were detected before birth. Expression of sIgG was detected in neonatal rabbits on cells which were also sIgM+ but in older animals most sIgG+ cells lacked sIgM. Cells bearing sIgA were not found until 5-6 days of age, and had no other isotype on their surface.

scholarly journals THE ORIGIN OF CELL SURFACE IMMUNOGLOBULIN OF MARROW-DERIVED AND THYMUS-DERIVED LYMPHOCYTES OF THE RAT

1974 ◽  
Vol 139 (3) ◽  
pp. 479-496 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simon V. Hunt ◽  
Alan F. Williams
Keyword(s):  
B Cells ◽  
T Lymphocytes ◽  
Cell Surface ◽  
B Lymphocytes ◽  
Light Chain ◽  
The Other ◽  
Allelic Exclusion ◽  
T And B Cells ◽  
Surface Immunoglobulin ◽  
Donor Type

The origin of immunoglobulin on the surface of TDL in the rat has been studied by comparing the binding of purified alloantibodies recognizing the Ig-1a allotype of rat light chain, with that of rabbit antirat Fab antibodies. Both reagents labeled all TDL from rats of the DA strain (Ig-1a) with two categories of cells being detected; one binding 100–2,000 molecules of antibody, the other 10,000–100,000 molecules. These categories were likely to be synonomous with T and B cells, respectively. The [125I]antiallotype antibodies did not bind to TDL from rats of the PVG/c strain (Ig-1b). When the binding to TDL from (PVG/c x DA)F1 animals was studied it was found that allelic exclusion occurred in the heavily labeled cells, but not in the lightly labeled ones. Furthermore, when lymphocytes of one allotype were transferred to irradiated recipients of the opposite allotype and recovered from the TDL or spleen of the recipient 20–30 h later, the immunoglobulin on heavily labeled cells was of the donor type, while that of lightly labeled ones bore the recipient marker. Thus heavily labeled cells (B lymphocytes) had synthesized their own immunoglobulin while lightly labeled cells (T lymphocytes) had acquired theirs passively by adsorption. The class of immunoglobulin on lightly labeled cells was also studied and it was found that [125I]anti-IgM antibodies bound to an extent approaching the [125I]anti-Fab binding, while [125I]anti-IgG2a+2b antibodies gave much less binding.

scholarly journals Precursors of murine B lymphocytes. Physical and functional characterization, and distinctions from myeloid stem cells.

1981 ◽  
Vol 153 (1) ◽  
pp. 154-165 ◽  
Author(s):  
C J Paige ◽  
P W Kincade ◽  
L A Shinefeld ◽  
V L Sato
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
B Cells ◽  
B Cell ◽  
B Lymphocytes ◽  
Fetal Liver ◽  
Functional Characterization ◽  
Precursor Pool ◽  
Adult Bone Marrow ◽  
Humoral Immune ◽  
Adult Bone

The emergence of functional B cells was monitored in irradiated or unirradiated CBA/N recipients of either adult bone marrow or fetal liver from CBA/HT6T6 donors. The cells that are primarily responsible for the generation of B lymphocytes, at least during the first 6 wk, are rapidly sedimenting (4.5-6 mm/h), lack surface immunoglobulin, and are found in both the adult bone marrow and the fetal liver from day 12 onward. These pre-B cells are distinct from the colony-forming unit spleen (CFU-s) as demonstrated by the following criteria: (a) absence from yolk sac (19), (b) lack of correlation between CFU-s number and the ability to generate B cells in fetal liver populations of different ages of gestation, and (c) hybridoma antibodies that significantly inhibited B cell reconstitution but have no effect on CFU-s numbers. The antigen detected by this antiserum is present on both the fetal liver and bone marrow B cell progenitor, although its expression is not restricted to the B lineage. The pre-B cells that we monitor are not homogeneous, however, as both physical and functional differences are found. These observations reinforce our thesis that committed progenitor cells for the humoral immune system are formed early in development and thereafter constitute the major precursor pool for the generation of B lymphocytes.

scholarly journals Immunoglobulin gene rearrangements in normal mouse B cells

1982 ◽  
Vol 2 (7) ◽  
pp. 829-836
Author(s):  
P Early ◽  
C Nottenburg ◽  
I Weissman ◽  
L Hood
Keyword(s):  
B Cells ◽  
Heavy Chain ◽  
Germ Line ◽  
Gene Segment ◽  
Immunoglobulin M ◽  
Chain Gene ◽  
Allelic Exclusion ◽  
Immunoglobulin Gene ◽  
Spleen Cells ◽  
Surface Immunoglobulin

We have analyzed the structure of rearranged mu heavy-chain genes obtained from the genomic DNA of normal BALB/c mouse spleen cells expressing surface immunoglobulin M. Examples were found of two types of nonproductive rearrangements, which may be responsible for allelic exclusion in normal B cells. In one of these rearrangements, a germ line D gene segment has joined to the JH4 gene segment but no V/D joining has occurred. We present evidence that D gene segments lie as a cluster between V and J gene segments in the germ line. A comparison of conserved sequences in V and D gene segments suggests that the D gene segments, which are found only in the heavy-chain gene family, may have evolved from V gene segments similar to the Vk family.

The development of functional B lymphocytes in conditional PU.1 knock-out mice

Blood ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 106 (6) ◽  
pp. 2083-2090 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew Polli ◽  
Aleksandar Dakic ◽  
Amanda Light ◽  
Li Wu ◽  
David M. Tarlinton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
B Cells ◽  
B Cell ◽  
B Lymphocytes ◽  
Fetal Liver ◽  
Cell Receptor ◽  
Interleukin 4 ◽  
Knock Out ◽  
B Lineage ◽  
And Function

Abstract An abundance of research has entrenched the view that the Ets domain containing transcription factor PU.1 is fundamental to the development and function of B lymphocytes. In this study, we have made use of a conditional PU.1 allele to test this notion. Complete deletion of PU.1 resulted in the loss of B cells and all other lineage-positive cells in the fetal liver and death between E18.5 and birth; however, specific deletion of PU.1 in the B lineage had no effect on B-cell development. Furthermore, deletion of PU.1 in B cells did not compromise their ability to establish and maintain an immune response. An increased level of apoptosis was observed in vitro upon B-cell receptor (BCR) cross-linking; however, this was partially rescued by interleukin-4 (IL-4). These findings suggest that PU.1 is not essential for the development of functional B lymphocytes beyond the pre-B stage. (Blood. 2005;106:2083-2090)

scholarly journals Ontogeny of Ia and IgD on IgM-bearing B lymphocytes in mice.

1977 ◽  
Vol 146 (1) ◽  
pp. 297-301 ◽  
Author(s):  
J F Kearney ◽  
M D Cooper ◽  
J Klein ◽  
E R Abney ◽  
R M Parkhouse ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
B Cells ◽  
Plasma Cells ◽  
Fetal Liver ◽  
Linear Increase ◽  
Developmental Relationship ◽  
Ia Antigens ◽  
Normal Differentiation ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Adult Bone

We used immunofluorescence to examine the developmental relationship of Ia and IgD on B cells. Pre-B cells in fetal liver did not express Ia. Only very few surface IgM-positive (sIgM+) B cells in fetal spleen were found to be Ia+ and were weakly stained for Ia. After birth there was a linear increase in the proportion of sIgM+ spleen cells which expressed Ia, reaching 95% by 9 days. Adult bone marrow also contains a sizeable proportion of sIgM+ Ia- cells. Unstimulated cells from fetal or newborn liver and spleen expressed Ia at the same rate in culture. Anti-Ia antisera suppressed the LPS-induced differentiation of IgM and IgG plasma cells in cultures of neonatal lymphocytes. Ia was also detected on IgM and IgG plasma cells in vitro suggesting that lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated B cells by may express Ia antigens, induced by LPS, or appearing as part of normal differentiation. IgD did not appear on sIgM+ cells until 3 days of age and then rose slowly to reach adult levels later than Ia antigens.

scholarly journals the relationship between surface immunoglobulin isotype and immune function of murine B lymphocytes. III. Expression of a single predominant isotype on primed and unprimed B cells

1978 ◽  
Vol 147 (5) ◽  
pp. 1374-1394 ◽  
Author(s):  
I Zan-Bar ◽  
ES Vitetta ◽  
F Assisi ◽  
S Strober
Keyword(s):  
B Cells ◽  
Bovine Serum Albumin ◽  
Antibody Response ◽  
B Lymphocytes ◽  
Primary Response ◽  
Spleen Cells ◽  
Cell Sorter ◽  
Immunoglobulin Isotype ◽  
Surface Immunoglobulin ◽  
The Relationship

We determined whether primed and unprimed B cells in the spleen of (BALB/c × C57BL/Ka)F(1) mice contain subpopulations that express a predominant surface Ig isotype. Spleen cells were stained for surface isotypes and sorted on the fluorescence-activated cell sorter (FACS) in order to obtain B cells bearing predominantly IgM (μp cells), IgD (δp cells), or IgG (γp cells). Each population was assayed for its capacity to restore the adoptive primary and secondary anti-bovine serum albumin (BSA) antibody response in irradiated syngeneic recipients. In addition, the adoptive response restored by isotype-predominant cells was compared to that restored by isotype- positive cells (B cells bearing a given surface isotype alone or in combination with others). The experimental results show that μp cells restore the adoptive primary and secondary IgM and IgG responses to BSA, and γP cells restore only the primary and secondary IgG response. Δp Cells restored the adoptive secondary IgG response, but failed to restore the adoptive primary response at the cell doses tested. ΓP Cells but not δp cells suppressed the IgM response of the μ(+) and δ(+) cells. The contribution of isotype-predominant cells to both the adoptive primary and secondary anti-BSA response was smaller than that of B cells bearing a combination of surface isotypes. Differences in the Ig isotype pattern expressed on the surface of primed and unprimed B cells are discussed.

scholarly journals Lineage- and Stage-Specific Expression of Runt Box Polypeptides in Primitive and Definitive Hematopoiesis

Blood ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 89 (7) ◽  
pp. 2359-2368 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Teresa Corsetti ◽  
Franco Calabi
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
B Lymphocytes ◽  
Western Blotting ◽  
Biochemical Analysis ◽  
Fetal Liver ◽  
Human Homologue ◽  
Specific Expression ◽  
Adult Bone ◽  
Definitive Hematopoiesis

Abstract Translocations involving the human CBFA2 locus have been associated with leukemia. This gene, originally named AML1, is a human homologue of the Drosophila gene runt that controls early events in fly embryogenesis. To clarify the role of mammalian runt products in normal and leukemic hematopoiesis, we have studied their pattern of expression in mouse hematopoietic tissues in the adult and during ontogeny using an anti-runt box antiserum. In the adult bone marrow, we found expression of runt polypeptides in differentiating myeloid cells and in B lymphocytes. Within the erythroid lineage, runt expression is biphasic, clearly present in the erythroblasts of early blood islands and of the fetal liver, but absent in the adult. Biochemical analysis by Western blotting of fetal and adult hematopoietic populations shows several runt isoforms. At least one of them appears to be myeloid specific.

Erythropoiesis in the absence of janus-kinase 2: BCR-ABL induces red cell formation in JAK2−/− hematopoietic progenitors

Blood ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 98 (10) ◽  
pp. 2948-2957 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saghi Ghaffari ◽  
Claire Kitidis ◽  
Mark D. Fleming ◽  
Hans Neubauer ◽  
Klaus Pfeffer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tyrosine Kinase ◽  
Signaling Pathways ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Fetal Liver ◽  
Erythropoietin Receptor ◽  
Janus Kinase ◽  
Tyrosine Kinase Domain ◽  
Red Cell ◽  
Janus Kinase 2 ◽  
Stage Of Development

Abstract The receptor-associated protein tyrosine kinase janus-kinase 2 (JAK2) is essential for normal red cell development and for erythropoietin receptor (EpoR) signaling. JAK2−/− embryos are severely deficient in erythropoiesis and die at an early stage of development from fetal anemia. The binding of erythropoietin (Epo) to the EpoR triggers the activation of JAK2, the phosphorylation of the EpoR, and the initiation of the EpoR signaling cascade. In addition to Epo binding to its receptor, signaling pathways downstream of the EpoR can also be stimulated by the BCR-ABL oncoprotein. This study explored whether JAK2 is required for BCR-ABL–mediated stimulation of erythropoiesis. Here, it is shown that JAK2 is constitutively tyrosine phosphorylated in cultured and primary erythroid cells expressing BCR-ABL. However, BCR-ABL effectively supports normal erythroid proliferation, differentiation, and maturation in JAK2-deficient fetal liver cells. Using mutants of BCR-ABL, this study shows that certain signaling pathways activated by BCR-ABL segments distinct from its tyrosine kinase domain are essential for rescue of erythropoiesis in JAK2−/− progenitors. The consequences of these multiple signaling pathways for normal erythroid development are discussed.

scholarly journals Nuclear Factor κb Is Required for the Development of Marginal Zone B Lymphocytes

2000 ◽  
Vol 192 (8) ◽  
pp. 1175-1182 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annaiah Cariappa ◽  
Hsiou-Chi Liou ◽  
Bruce H. Horwitz ◽  
Shiv Pillai
Keyword(s):  
B Cells ◽  
B Lymphocytes ◽  
Marginal Zone ◽  
Bone Marrow Cells ◽  
Fetal Liver ◽  
Significant Proportion ◽  
Liver Cells ◽  
Nuclear Factor ◽  
Marginal Zone B Cells ◽  
Fetal Liver Cells

Although immunoglobulin (Ig)MhiIgDlo/−CD21hi marginal zone B cells represent a significant proportion of naive peripheral splenic B lymphocytes, few of the genes that regulate their development have been identified. This subset of peripheral B cells fails to emerge in mice that lack nuclear factor (NF)-κBp50. Less drastic reductions in marginal zone B cell numbers are also seen in the spleens of recombination activating gene (Rag)-2−/− mice reconstituted with NF-κBp65−/− fetal liver cells and in c-Rel−/− mice. In contrast, steady-state levels of IgDhi splenic follicular B cells are not significantly reduced in the absence of NF-κBp50, NF-κBp65, or c-Rel. Reconstitution of B cells in Rag-2−/− mice with a mixture of p50−/−/p65−/− fetal liver cells and Rag-2−/− bone marrow cells revealed that the generation of marginal zone B cells requires the expression of NF-κB in developing B cells, as opposed to supporting cells.

scholarly journals Regulation of murine B cells through surface immunoglobulin. I. Monoclonal anti-delta antibody that induces allotype-specific proliferation.

1980 ◽  
Vol 152 (5) ◽  
pp. 1135-1146 ◽  
Author(s):  
I M Zitron ◽  
B L Clevinger
Keyword(s):  
Monoclonal Antibody ◽  
B Cells ◽  
T Lymphocytes ◽  
B Lymphocytes ◽  
Soluble Form ◽  
Spleen Cells ◽  
Surface Immunoglobulin

We describe the identification of a monoclonal antibody that recognizes a determinant on the delta chain of mice of the Iga, allotype groups. The monoclonal Ig in soluble form induces allotype-specific proliferation by splenic B lymphocytes from normal animals of these haplotypes. Spleen cells from mice bearing the X-linked defect of CBA/N mice fail to respond, although they bear the determinant. Proliferation is independent of T lymphocytes. The data indicate a direct triggering function for sIgD.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document