scholarly journals Analysis of a novel VHS107 haplotype in CLA-2 and WSA mice. Evidence for gene conversion among IgVH genes in outbred populations.

1989 ◽  
Vol 170 (6) ◽  
pp. 1811-1823 ◽  
Author(s):  
S E Ferguson ◽  
M P Cancro ◽  
B A Osborne
Keyword(s):  
Gene Family ◽  
Gene Conversion ◽  
Heavy Chain ◽  
Cdna Sequence ◽  
The Other ◽  
Base Substitution ◽  
Feral Population ◽  
Allelic Differences ◽  
Outbred Populations

Gene conversion has been suggested as the basis for many VH allelic differences, particularly in the murine VHS107 family. Whether conversion among IgVH genes is likely to have occurred in outbred populations has not been directly addressed. The CLA-2/Cn and WSA strains, which were recently and independently derived from a feral population exhibiting low responsiveness to PC, provide the opportunity to approach this question. In previous studies, the heavy chain cDNA sequence of a PC-specific hybridoma derived from CLA-2/Cn suggested gene conversion events within the VHS107 family. Accordingly, we have examined the germline VHS107 genes of CLA-2/Cn and WSA. The results indicate that: (a) The CLA-2 and WSA strains bear an identical but novel VHS107 family haplotype, which lacks a V3 element and contains a V1, a V13, and two V11 genes; (b) low PC responsiveness in these populations is unlikely due to an inability to express the V1 member of the VHS107 gene family; and (c) when compared with the other known VHS107 haplotypes, the proportion of differences consistent with gene conversion greatly exceeds that expected by random base substitution. Thus, gene conversion events appear to have occurred with considerable frequency in the evolution of the murine VHS107 family, especially among the V3, V13, and V11 members.

scholarly journals Structure of the murine serum amyloid A gene family. Gene conversion.

1986 ◽  
Vol 261 (18) ◽  
pp. 8442-8452 ◽  
Author(s):  
C A Lowell ◽  
D A Potter ◽  
R S Stearman ◽  
J F Morrow
Keyword(s):  
Gene Family ◽  
Gene Conversion ◽  
Serum Amyloid A ◽  
Serum Amyloid ◽  
Amyloid A ◽  
Family Gene

Gene Conversion and Functional Divergence in the ?-Globin Gene Family

2004 ◽  
Vol 59 (2) ◽  
pp. 177-189 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriela Aguileta ◽  
Joseph P. Bielawski ◽  
Ziheng Yang
Keyword(s):  
Gene Family ◽  
Gene Conversion ◽  
Functional Divergence ◽  
Globin Gene

Sequence analysis of the complete Caenorhabditis elegans myosin heavy chain gene family

1989 ◽  
Vol 205 (3) ◽  
pp. 603-613 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nick J. Dibb ◽  
Ichiro N. Maruyama ◽  
Michael Krause ◽  
Jonathan Karn
Keyword(s):  
Caenorhabditis Elegans ◽  
Sequence Analysis ◽  
Gene Family ◽  
Myosin Heavy Chain ◽  
Heavy Chain ◽  
Chain Gene ◽  
Heavy Chain Gene ◽  
Myosin Heavy Chain Gene

scholarly journals Arrangement of the disulphide bridges in human low-Mr kininogen

1987 ◽  
Vol 247 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
J Kellermann ◽  
C Thelen ◽  
F Lottspeich ◽  
A Henschen ◽  
R Vogel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Amino Acid Sequence ◽  
Heavy Chain ◽  
Light Chain ◽  
The Other ◽  
Critical Importance

The arrangement of the disulphide bridges in human low-Mr kininogen has been elucidated. Low-Mr kininogen contains 18 half-cystine residues forming nine disulphide bridges. The first and the last half-cystine residues of the amino acid sequence form a disulphide loop which spans the heavy- and the light-chain portion of the kininogen molecule. The other 16 half-cystine residues are linked consecutively to form eight loops of 4-20 amino acids; these loops are lined up in the heavy-chain portion of the kininogen molecule. In this way, a particular pattern of disulphide loops is formed which seems to be of critical importance for the inhibitor function of human kininogen.

scholarly journals Intrachain disulphide bridges in immunoglobulin G heavy chains. The Fc fragment

1968 ◽  
Vol 106 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Frangione ◽  
C. Milstein ◽  
Edward C. Franklin
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Chain ◽  
Immunoglobulin G ◽  
The Other ◽  
Light Chains ◽  
Fc Fragment ◽  
Heavy Chains ◽  
Human Immunoglobulins ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Terminal Loop ◽  
Heavy Chain Disease

The disulphide bridges of the Fc fragment (C-terminal half of the heavy chain) have been studied in several human immunoglobulins, containing heavy chains of different antigenic types (γ1, γ2, γ3 and γ4), and in heavy-chain-disease proteins. Two intrachain disulphide bridges were found to be present. The sequences appear to be identical in the Fc fragments of two types of chain studied (γ1 and γ3), and very similar to corresponding sequences of the Fc fragment in rabbit. These results suggest that the C-terminal half of the heavy chains is covalently folded (in a similar fashion to the light chains) with a C-terminal loop and an N-terminal loop. The similarity is emphasized by comparison of the sequence and location of the disulphide-bridged peptides of the C-terminal loop of heavy and light chains. The N-terminal loop, on the other hand, appears to be very different in Fc fragments and light chains. The C-terminal loop is the only one present in the F′c fragment.

Hyphantria cunea ferritin heavy chain homologue: cDNA sequence and mRNA expression

2004 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hong Ja Kim ◽  
Chi Young Yun ◽  
Hyang Mi Cheon ◽  
Boa Chae ◽  
In Hee Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Heavy Chain ◽  
Cdna Sequence ◽  
Hyphantria Cunea ◽  
Ferritin Heavy Chain

Homologous recombination involving a large heterology in Escherichia coli.

Genetics ◽  
1988 ◽  
Vol 119 (4) ◽  
pp. 759-769
Author(s):  
K Yamamoto ◽  
N Takahashi ◽  
H Yoshikura ◽  
I Kobayashi
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Gene Conversion ◽  
Kanamycin Resistance ◽  
Coli Strain ◽  
The Other ◽  
Reca Gene ◽  
Inverted Repeats ◽  
Crossing Over ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Parental Allele

Abstract Recombination between two different deletion alleles of a gene (neo) for neomycin and kanamycin resistance was studied in an Escherichia coli sbcA- recB-C- strain. The two homologous regions were in an inverted orientation on the same plasmid molecule. Kanamycin-resistant plasmids were selected and analyzed. The rate of recombination to form kanamycin-resistant plasmids was decreased by mutations in the recE, recF and recJ genes, but was not decreased by a mutation in the recA gene. It was found that these plasmids often possessed one wild-type kanamycin-resistant allele (neo+) while the other neo allele was still in its original (deletion) form. Among kanamycin-resistant plasmids with one wild-type and one parental allele it was often found that the region between the inverted repeats had been flipped (turned around) with respect to sites outside the inverted repeats. These results were interpreted as follows. Gene conversion, analogous to gene conversion in eukaryotic meiosis, is responsible for a unidirectional transfer of information from one neo deletion allele to the other. The flipping of the region between the inverted repeats is interpreted as analogous to the crossing over associated with gene conversion in eukaryotic meiosis. In contrast with a rec+ strain, these products cannot be explained by two rounds of reciprocal crossing over involving a dimeric form as an intermediate. In the accompanying paper we present evidence that gene conversion by double-strand gap repair takes place in the same E. coli strain.

Evaluating the Dynein Heavy Chain Gene Family in Tetrahymena

2003 ◽  
pp. 017-027
Author(s):  
Gangadhara Sailaja ◽  
Leslie M. Lincoln ◽  
Jifan Chen ◽  
David J. Asai
Keyword(s):  
Gene Family ◽  
Heavy Chain ◽  
Chain Gene ◽  
Heavy Chain Gene ◽  
Dynein Heavy Chain
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