scholarly journals THE SELECTIVE ACTION OF NICOTINE ON THE CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM OF THE SQUID, LOLIGO PEALII

1919 ◽  
Vol 1 (5) ◽  
pp. 505-508 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. R. Moore
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Latent Period ◽  
Temperature Coefficient ◽  
Chemical Reaction ◽  
Cube Root ◽  
Selective Action ◽  
Cerebral Ganglia ◽  
The Central Nervous System

1. In specimens of freshly hatched squid, Loligo pealii, nicotine acts upon the cerebral ganglia alone. 2. After 1 minute in the nicotine solution 1:500,000, the latent period for the mantle spasm is independent of the time spent in the solution. 3. The mantle spasm is conditioned by a chemical reaction, since the temperature coefficient of the process has a magnitude of about 2.8. 4. The velocity of the process which brings about the mantle spasm varies as the cube root of the concentration of the nicotine.

The Loss of Function Following on Lesions of the Central Nervous System [Ueber Die Ausfallerscheinungen nach Läsionen Des Central Nervensystems]. (Neurol. Cbl., Nr. 13, 1907.) Rothmann, Max

1908 ◽  
Vol 54 (225) ◽  
pp. 146-148
Author(s):  
William W. Ireland
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Lower Portion ◽  
Loss Of Function ◽  
Cerebral Ganglia ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Brain And Spinal Cord ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Central Lesions

Rothmann points out how important it is to surgeons that the localisation of lesions in the brain and spinal cord should be made with the utmost accuracy. In many cases diseases do not strike suddenly upon a nervous system previously intact. Often the circulation has been previously deranged by arterial sclerosis, which prepares the way for transitory hemiplegia or aphasia. Sometimes there is loss of function after central lesions, which disappears in longer or shorter time. Goltz and his followers have treated many effects following the extirpation of the whole or part of the cerebrum as due to what they call inhibition (Hemmung). Thus the functions of the spinal cord are much impaired after removal of the cerebral ganglia, or the lower portion of the cord loses its reflex function after section higher up, but after a while it again resumes its act$ibon.

6.—A Re-examination of the Central Nervous System of Alderia modesta (Lovén).

1974 ◽  
Vol 69 (6) ◽  
pp. 137-146 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Gascoigne
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Cerebral Ganglia ◽  
The Central Nervous System

SynopsisAlderia modesta (class Gastropoda, order Sacoglossa) has a central nervous system of a type common in the Stiligeridae and Limapontiidae. The visceral loop is short and bears two ganglia, the abdominal and supra-intestinal.Medio-dorsal bodies, probably neurosecretory in function, are present on the cerebral ganglia. They were also found in eight other species of Sacoglossa and latero-dorsal bodies were noted in Oxynoe viridis (Pease) and Lobiger viridis (Pease).Dissections of sixteen species of Sacoglossa showed that the order may be arranged on the length of the visceral loop and the number of ganglia on it. The evolution of medio-dorsal bodies is discussed.

XV.—The Harmala Alkaloids in Malaria

1921 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
pp. 140-149 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. Gunn ◽  
D. G. Marshall
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Pigment Cells ◽  
Ciliated Epithelium ◽  
Peganum Harmala ◽  
Selective Action ◽  
Differentiated Cells ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Harmala Alkaloids ◽  
Heart Blood

In two former contributions to this Society I described the pharmacological actions of harmaline and harmine, the two alkaloids found in the seeds of Peganum harmala. In regard to harmaline I came to the following conclusions:— “It differs from most alkaloids in that it does not exert, to the same extent as they do, a selective action on one kind of tissue. It attacks not only highly specialised tissues such as voluntary muscle, muscle of the heart, blood-vessels and uterus, and cells of the central nervous system, but also less highly differentiated cells, such as pigment cells, protozoa (Raab), and ciliated epithelium (Jacobson).

scholarly journals Psychophysiological characteristics of female medical students of the mid Ob region

2021 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-23
Author(s):  
O.S. Litovchenko ◽  
◽  
A.S. Maksimova ◽  
S.T. Barseghyan ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Medical Students ◽  
Latent Period ◽  
Northern Region ◽  
The Body ◽  
Functional Level ◽  
Response Level ◽  
Body Activity ◽  
The Central Nervous System

The article presents the results of a research of the functional state of the central nervous system of medical students studying in a Northern region. The study was based on such parameters of variational chronoreflexometry as the latent period of a simple visual-motor reaction, CNS functional level, response level, the functional level of the system. The study involved 94 girls of 1-2 years of study; the average age of students was 19.7±1.59 years. The analysis of the CNS characteristics of female students re-vealed a slightly reduced level of performance, combined with signs of the inhibition process, fatigue and body stress-reaction to the hypocomfort climatogeographic educational environment. The reduced functional level of the central nervous system and the latent period of response to visual stimuli in most of the examined students indicated weaker perceptual processes and lower psychomotor control of the body activity.

The gross anatomy and histology of the nervous system of the metacestode of Hymenolepis microstoma

1975 ◽  
Vol 53 (5) ◽  
pp. 661-677 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodney A. Webb ◽  
Kenneth G. Davey
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Nerve Cell ◽  
Gross Anatomy ◽  
Muscle Cells ◽  
Nerve Cells ◽  
Cerebral Ganglia ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Hymenolepis Microstoma

The central nervous system of the metacestode of Hymenolepis microstoma consists of three levels of ganglia. The bilateral cerebral ganglia, joined by a broad transverse commissure, are situated posteriad to the outer rostellar capsule. The bilateral rostellar ganglia, joined by a medial transverse commissure and a dorsal and a ventral circular commissure, are situated between the inner and outer rostellar capsules. The single rostral ganglion is found within the inner rostellar capsule. Numerous nerves and connectives are given off from the various ganglia; the nerves innervate the tissues and organs of the scolex and presumptive neck of the metacestode. Histologically, the ganglia and large commissures consist of a rind of nerve cell bodies surrounding a compact core of neuropile. A delimiting sheath or capsule is not present. Glial tissue is absent. Muscle cells, tegumental cells, and flame cells may interdigitate with the nerve cells. The nerve cell bodies give off numerous neurites that pursue a tortuous course through the neuropile.

The distribution of Ancylostoma caninum larvae in the central nervous system of the mouse infected with single or repeated doses

1978 ◽  
Vol 52 (2) ◽  
pp. 109-113 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. K. Bhopale ◽  
G. N. Johri
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Latent Period ◽  
Cerebral Hemispheres ◽  
Ancylostoma Caninum ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Eye Involvement ◽  
Repeated Doses ◽  
Lower Recovery

ABSTRACTThe distribution of Ancylostoma caninum larvae in the various regions of the central nervous system of mice of previously uninfected or reinfected groups was studied. Although a dose of 4000 larvae was lethal, the distribution of larvae was not appreciable in the CNS. Many larvae were recovered from the cerebral hemispheres and cerebellum of infected mice whereas no incidence of eye involvement was observed in any mouse. In the reinfected mice groups there was a much lower recovery than in the previously uninfected groups in the latent period of study.

scholarly journals The influence of the position of the cut upon regeneration in Gunda ulvæ.

1914 ◽  
Vol 87 (596) ◽  
pp. 355-366 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Nerve Roots ◽  
Zoological Society ◽  
Marine Biological Association ◽  
University Of Cambridge ◽  
Cerebral Ganglia ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
The University ◽  
Anterior Regeneration

In 1899 Hallez (4) made the generalisation that the most important difference between the regeneration in Triclad and Polyclad Planarians was to be found in the fact that fragments of the former could regenerate in the absence of the central nervous system, whilst in the latter some portion of the cerebral ganglia must be present in order for regeneration to take place. Child (1) has confirmed the fact that the presence of cerebral ganglia, or at least intact nerve roots, is necessary for regeneration of the anterior end and sense organs of Polyclads. The experimental work by the same and other authors has also established that, among Triclads, the genus Planaria is able to regenerate completely in the absence of cerebral ganglia. The following notes, however, show that in another Triclad genus, namely, Gunda , anterior regeneration is, as in Polyclads, dependent on the presence of the central nervous system. The experiments described below were carried out in the Plymouth Laboratory of the Marine Biological Association during the spring of 1913. I am greatly indebted to the director and staff of the laboratory for constant kindness during the course of my work at Plymouth. I also stand under obligations to the Royal Society, the Zoological Society, and the University of Cambridge for the use of their tables at the Plymouth Laboratory.

scholarly journals The influence of cobra-venom on the proteid metabolism

1905 ◽  
Vol 76 (508) ◽  
pp. 166-178
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Peripheral Nerve ◽  
Toxic Action ◽  
Cobra Venom ◽  
Selective Action ◽  
Physiological Action ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
General Action ◽  
Micro Organisms

Although so much valuable work has been done upon the physiological action of Cobra-venom by Fraser, Calmette, Elliot and others,* so far no observations of its effects upon the metabolism have been recorded. While its peculiarly selective action on the central nervous system would seem to suggest the absence of any marked general action, the demonstration afforded by Elliot’s work of its influence and the way in which peripheral nerve mechanism may be attacked, and of its interference with respiration, and the direct local action on the tissues into which it is injected, seem to indicate that its toxic action may extend to protoplasm generally and that it may thus lead to modification of the proteid metabolism, whether in the direction of altering the rate of proteid metabolism or of modifying the synthetic processes in the liver by which urea is elaborated, as do the toxins of certain micro-organisms.

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