Pediatric Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome in Asia: Mother-to-Child Transmission

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) ialah sekumpulan tanda atau gejala klinis pada penderita HIV akibat infeksi oportunistik karena penurunan sistem kekebalan tubuh. HIV dapat menular melalui hubungan seksual yang tidak aman, pemakaian jarum suntik secara bergantian, dan dari ibu hamil yang terinfeksi HIV ke bayinya Indonesia merupakan salah satu dari negara di Asia yang memiliki kerentanan HIV akibat dampak perubahan ekonomi dan kehidupan sosial. Ibu hamil sangat rentan dalam penularan HIV karena bayi dapat tertular HIV melalui plasenta, proses persalinan, dan saat sang ibu memberi ASI. Sejalan dengan semakin meningkatnya kasus penularan HIV dari ibu keanak, pemerintah melakukan berbagai upaya pengendalian melalui program PPIA (Pencegahan Penularan HIV dari ibu ke anak) atau PMTCT (Prevention of Mother-to-Child Transmission), yaitu melakukan pemeriksaan HIV pada kehamilan secara dini dan mengikuti program pencegahan penularan HIV dari ibu ke bayi merupakan rangkaian upaya pengendalian kasus HIV/AIDS Berdasarkan survey yang dilakukan masih banyak ditemukan masalah dalam hal dikeluarga tentang pentingnya melakukan tes HIV pada ibu hamil di Kecamatan Rumbai Pesisir. Maka dari itu, perlu diatasi dengan diadakannya sosialisasi/ penyuluhan tentang tes HIV dan pemeriksaan pada ibu hamil.

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EVALUASI PELAKSANAAN PREVENTION OF MOTHER TO CHILD TRANSMISSION (PMVCT) : LITERATURE REVIEW

Jurnal Ilmu Keperawatan dan Kebidanan ◽

10.26751/jikk.v12i2.981 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 (2) ◽

pp. 236

Author(s):

Siti Waghisatul Astutik ◽

Antono Suryoputro ◽

Zahroh Shaluhiyah

Keyword(s):

Literature Review ◽

Hiv Transmission ◽

Hiv Positive ◽

Mother To Child Transmission ◽

Child Transmission ◽

Hiv Positive Mothers ◽

Acquired Immunodeficiency ◽

Immunodeficiency Syndrome ◽

Mother To Child ◽

Prevention Of Hiv

AbstrakAIDS (Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome) merupakan kumpulan penyakit yang disebabkan oleh Virus HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus) yang menular dan mematikan. Berdasarkan data Kementrian Kesehatan pada tahun 2015 jumlah anak usia ≤ 4 tahun yang terinfeksi HIV sebanyak 795, meningkat pada tahun 2016 menjadi 903. Pencegahan Penularan HIV dari Ibu ke Anak dapat dilakukan melalui 4 (empat) prong/kegiatan, yaitu : 1) Pencegahan penularan HIV pada perempuan usia reproduksi, 2) Pencegahan kehamilan yang tidak direncanakan pada ibu HIV positif, 3) pencegahan penularan HIV dari ibu hamil HIV positif ke bayi yang dikandung, dan 4) pemberian dukungan psikologis, sosial dan perawatan kepada ibu HIV positif beserta anak dan keluarganya. Pencegahan Penularan HIV dari Ibu ke Anak (PPIA) atau Prevention Mother to Child Transmission (PMTCT) merupakan program pemerintah untuk mencegah penularan virus HIV/AIDS dari ibu ke bayi yang dikandungnya. Tujuan dari literature review ini adalah untuk mengetahui konsep, model atau teori yang efektif digunakan untuk mengeketahui gambaran indeks keluarga sehat di beberapa daerah Indonesia. Metode yang digunakan dengan cara melakukan pencarian beberapa studi yang diterbitkan melalui database Google Scholar, Science direct, dan Scopus. Studi yang dipilih diterbitkan dari tahun 2017-2021. Setelah dilakukan pencarian artikel dengan kata kunci tersebut maka total artikel yang di review dalam tinjauan literatur ini sebanyak 5 (lima) artikel. Faktor yang mempengaruhi pelaksanaan PMTCT adalah kelengkapan data, kualitas SDM, gender, serta dukungan keluarga. Kata Kunci: Evaluasi, Implementsi, PMTCT AbstractAIDS (Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome) is a collection of diseases caused by the infectious and deadly HIV Virus (Human Immunodeficiency Virus). Based on data from the Ministry of Health in 2015 the number of children aged ≤ 4 years infected with HIV as many as 795, increased in 2016 to 903. Prevention of HIV transmission from Mother to Child can be done through 4 (four) activities, namely: 1) Prevention of HIV transmission in women of reproductive age, 2) Prevention of unplanned pregnancy in HIV-positive mothers, 3) prevention of HIV transmission from HIV-positive pregnant women to conceived babies, and 4) providing psychological, social and care support to HIV-positive mothers and their children and families. Prevention of HIV Transmission from Mother to Child (PPIA) or Prevention Mother to Child Transmission (PMTCT) is a government program to prevent transmission of HIV/AIDS virus from mother to baby. The purpose of this literature review is to know the concept, model or theory that is effectively used to know the picture of healthy family index in some areas of Indonesia. The method is used by searching for several studies published through the Google Scholar, Science direct, and Scopus databases. Selected studies are published from 2017-2021. After searching for articles with these keywords, the total articles reviewed in this literature review as many as 5 (five) articles. Factors that affect the implementation of PMTCT are the completeness of data, the quality of human resources, gender, and family support.Keywords: Evaluation, Implementation, PMTCT

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Mother-to-child transmission of HIV and utilization of preventive services in Anambra South Senatorial Zone, Nigeria: Practice considerations for social workers

International Social Work ◽

10.1177/0020872820901748 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 002087282090174

Author(s):

Chinyere Onalu ◽

Prince Agwu ◽

Uzoma Okoye ◽

Ali Agha

Keyword(s):

Social Workers ◽

Health Workers ◽

Study Data ◽

Mother To Child Transmission ◽

Child Transmission ◽

Middle Income ◽

Anambra State ◽

Immunodeficiency Syndrome ◽

Mother To Child ◽

Hiv Aids

Low- and middle-income countries, including Nigeria, are often associated with poor health outcomes, such as the prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS). Mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) is a dominant driver of HIV/AIDS in these countries, necessitating the need to prevent such mode of transmission. With the availability of prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMCTC) services in Anambra State, Nigeria, it becomes important to investigate the utilization of these services. This is needful given the relatively high percentage of vertical transmission in the state. To conduct this study, data were sourced using six focus group discussions involving 15 health workers and 24 HIV-positive mothers selected from three health facilities that dispense PMCTC services. Findings revealed that PMTCT services in the study area had setbacks owing to facility-based inefficiencies, low-level awareness and-coverage of the services at the grass-roots level, weak social support and cultural/religious beliefs, among others. To contain these setbacks, social workers as welfare/human rights professionals were recommended to be engaged.

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