Host sex modulates the energetics of pathogen proliferation and its dependence on environmental resources

Intercropping is an old and commonly used agricultural practice and involves the cultivation of two or more crops in the same area of land at the same time and may improve yield, the use of the environmental resources, product quality, and soil health. The objective of the present study was to study the effect of water availability of wheat-pea intercrops using agronomic and physiological characteristics. The experiment was conducted at the farm of Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece during two growing seasons 2017–2018 and 2018–2019 using two different cultivars from pea (Isard and Olympos) and wheat (Yecora E and Elissavet) and two irrigation regimes. The availability of water increased grain yield and affected most of the characteristics that were studied. In terms of total Land Equivalent Ratio (LER) there was a yield advantage of intercrops over monocrops, which indicates the efficiency of intercropping for using the environmental resources. Both wheat cultivars, the pea cultivar Olympos and their intercrops indicated high adaptation capacity to rainfed conditions, whereas Isard and its intercrops performed better under irrigation. Therefore, the intercropping of wheat with pea uses the water resources of the environment more efficiently and can be used in dry land conditions for higher yield.

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War Stuff: The Struggle for Human and Environmental Resources in the American Civil War. By Joan E. Cashin

Environmental History ◽

10.1093/envhis/emy152 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 24 (2) ◽

pp. 389-391

Author(s):

Megan Kate Nelson

Keyword(s):

Civil War ◽

American Civil War ◽

Environmental Resources

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Water Resources Carrying Capacity Analysis of Huangshui River during the Period of the Twelfth Five-Year Plan

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1092-1093.1202 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 1092-1093 ◽

pp. 1202-1208

Author(s):

Ming Xia Jing

Keyword(s):

Water Resources ◽

Social Development ◽

Carrying Capacity ◽

Capacity Analysis ◽

Environmental Resources ◽

Water Resources Carrying Capacity ◽

Capacity Level

This paper predicted HuangShui River carrying capacity level of environmental resources at the end of the "twelfth five-year" period and even longer, based on the economic and social development in the base year 2011 data, to provide reference for the development of various government related department reference.

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Corruption, Environmental Resources, and International Trade

Topics in Economic Analysis & Policy ◽

10.2202/1538-0653.1515 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Priya Ranjan ◽

Baishali Bakshi

Keyword(s):

International Trade ◽

Resource Management ◽

Comparative Advantage ◽

Environmental Resources ◽

Over Exploitation

Abstract It is shown how corruption in the management of environmental resources can give rise to a comparative advantage in environment-intensive industries. International trade, in this setting, is not necessarily welfare improving. When corruption responds endogenously to the over-exploitation of resources, it is possible for international trade to generate forces that improve resource management by reducing corruption. Therefore, in this case trade could provide gains in addition to the usual gains.

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Healthy ageing, resilience and wellbeing

Epidemiology and Psychiatric Sciences ◽

10.1017/s2045796017000324 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 26 (6) ◽

pp. 579-583 ◽

Cited By ~ 34

Author(s):

T. D. Cosco ◽

K. Howse ◽

C. Brayne

Keyword(s):

Population Level ◽

Healthy Ageing ◽

Ageing Population ◽

Environmental Resources ◽

Great Achievement ◽

Health Concept ◽

Ageing Model ◽

The Face ◽

The Individual ◽

High Level

The extension of life does not appear to be slowing, representing a great achievement for mankind as well as a challenge for ageing populations. As we move towards an increasingly older population we will need to find novel ways for individuals to make the best of the challenges they face, as the likelihood of encountering some form of adversity increases with age. Resilience theories share a common idea that individuals who manage to navigate adversity and maintain high levels of functioning demonstrate resilience. Traditional models of healthy ageing suggest that having a high level of functioning across a number of domains is a requirement. The addition of adversity to the healthy ageing model via resilience makes this concept much more accessible and more amenable to the ageing population. Through asset-based approaches, such as the invoking of individual, social and environmental resources, it is hoped that greater resilience can be fostered at a population level. Interventions aimed at fostering greater resilience may take many forms; however, there is great potential to increase social and environmental resources through public policy interventions. The wellbeing of the individual must be the focus of these efforts; quality of life is an integral component to the enjoyment of additional years and should not be overlooked. Therefore, it will become increasingly important to use resilience as a public health concept and to intervene through policy to foster greater resilience by increasing resources available to older people. Fostering wellbeing in the face of increasing adversity has significant implications for ageing individuals and society as a whole.

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Host behaviour, age and sex correlate with ectoparasite prevalence and intensity in a colonial mammal, the little brown bat

Behaviour ◽

10.1163/1568539x-00003233 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 152 (1) ◽

pp. 83-105 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

Quinn M.R. Webber ◽

Liam P. McGuire ◽

Steven B. Smith ◽

Craig K.R. Willis

Keyword(s):

Pathogen Transmission ◽

Myotis Lucifugus ◽

Physical Contact ◽

Wildlife Diseases ◽

Colonial Species ◽

Host Seeking ◽

Host Sex ◽

Little Brown Bat ◽

Host Behaviour ◽

Age And Sex

The influence of behaviour on host-parasite dynamics has theoretical support but few empirical studies have examined this influence for wild-captured hosts, especially in colonial species, which are thought to face generally high risk of exposure. Behavioural tendencies of hosts in novel environments could mediate host exposure. We tested the hypothesis that behavioural tendencies of hosts, and host sex and age, correlate with prevalence and intensity of ectoparasites in a gregarious mammal, the little brown bat (Myotis lucifugus). We also tested whether relationships between host behaviour and parasite prevalence and intensity would vary between taxa of ectoparasites which differ in host-seeking behaviour. We predicted that individual hosts displaying active and explorative behaviours would have higher prevalence and intensity of parasites that depend on physical contact among hosts for transmission (mites) but that host behaviour would not influence prevalence and intensity of mobile ectoparasites with active host-seeking behaviour (fleas). We recorded behavioural responses of wild-captured bats in a novel-environment test and then sampled each individual for ectoparasites. After accounting for age and sex we found mixed support for our hypotheses in some but not all demographics. More active adult and young of the year (YOY) males were more likely to host mites while more active adult and YOY females were less likely to host fleas. Our results highlight possible differences in the influence of host and parasite behaviour on parasite transmission dynamics for colonial compared to non-colonial species and have conservation implications for understanding pathogen transmission in bat white-nose syndrome and other wildlife diseases.

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