scholarly journals Computer-Aided Evaluation of Ethanol Production from a Continuous Operating Mode using Simulink

2021 ◽  
Vol 2049 (1) ◽  
pp. 012086
Author(s):  
K Alvarado ◽  
L Niño ◽  
G Gelves
Keyword(s):  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Operating Mode ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
Continuous Mode ◽  
Critical Factors ◽  
Engineering Studies ◽  
Simulation Techniques ◽  
Computer Aided ◽  
Microbial Biotechnology ◽  
Great Energy

Abstract Fossil fuels have become a great energy source worldwide. However, its prolonged use has caused severe environmental pollution problems. Biofuels generated from biomass as a product of microbial biotechnology emerge as an alternative to the use of compounds derived from oil. Therefore, their production results in complex experiments and source investment. That is why engineering studies implementation using mathematical models and simulation techniques should be specified in bioprocesses. The latter focused on optimizing the process parameters, maximizing productivity, generating greater profitability, and reducing cost. This research aimed at the computer-assisted evaluation of obtaining bioethanol from Saccharomyces cerevisiae to determine the most critical factors in the production process using a continuous mode. It was determined that the feed rate significantly influences the bioethanol volumetric productivity.

scholarly journals Operating Mode Effect on Lipids Production from Rhodotorula mucilaginosa: Modelling and Simulation Trends

2021 ◽  
Vol 2049 (1) ◽  
pp. 012078
Author(s):  
L Cardozo ◽  
K Duran ◽  
G Gelves
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Accumulation ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Lipid Production ◽  
Operating Mode ◽  
Rhodotorula Mucilaginosa ◽  
Continuous Mode ◽  
Batch Mode ◽  
Operating Modes ◽  
A Value ◽  
Yeast Oil

Abstract A sustainable alternative for fossil fuels substitution is the production of biodiesel from natural lipids. Mainly, such oil used is in the form of triglycerides and is characterized by being potentially renewable, non-toxic, and biodegradable, thus making it a sustainable product. For producing such biofuel, yeast oil is one of the most viable and currently known options, obtaining theoretically optimal results. In this article, kinetic parameters from the oleaginous yeast Rhodotorula mucilaginosa will simulate lipid accumulation capacity based on different bioreactor operating modes. Likewise, The Matlab software is used to simulate batch and continuous operating modes to establish comparisons between the productions obtained and their respective yields. The results obtained for the batch mode were: 14 g/L for the growth of biomass and an estimate of 0.22 g/g for lipid production. Likewise, for the continuous mode, its results were: 19 g/L for biomass growth and a value of 0.30 g/g in lipid production. The simulated results in continuous mode would demonstrate the effectiveness of its implementation since a more significant lipid accumulation is reached.

A Critical Look into the Deviation of Full Scale Performance from Design Expectations

1989 ◽  
Vol 21 (10-11) ◽  
pp. 1389-1402 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Zaloum
Keyword(s):  
Expert Systems ◽  
Waste Treatment ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Organic Load ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
Uniform Load ◽  
Effluent Quality ◽  
Simulation Techniques ◽  
Steady Level

Deviations from design expectations appear to stem from views which assume that a unique response should result from a given set of operating conditions. The results of this study showed that two systems operating at equal organic loads or F/M ratios and at the same SRT do not necessarily give equal responses. This deviation was linked to the manner in which the HRT and influent COD are manipulated to obtain a constant or uniform load, and to subtle interactions between influent COD, HRT and SRT on the biomass and effluent responses. Increases of up to 200% in influent COD from one steady level to the next did not significantly influence the effluent VSS concentration while an effect on filtered COD was observed for increases as low as 20%. Effluent TKN and filtered COD correlated strongly with the operating MLVSS while phosphorus residual depended on the operating SRT and the organic load removed. These results point to the inadequacy of traditional models to predict effluent quality and point to the need to consider these effects when developing simulation techniques or computer assisted expert systems for the control of waste treatment plants.

A Suggestion for an Effective Use of a Computer-aided Diagnosis System in Screening for Hyperthyroidism

1977 ◽  
Vol 16 (02) ◽  
pp. 93-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Alpérovitch ◽  
P. Fragu
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Test Sample ◽  
Bayes Theorem ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
Thyroid Status ◽  
Screening Strategies ◽  
Computer Aided ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Effective Use ◽  
Aided Diagnosis

A computer-assisted program for diagnosing hyperthyroidism, specially devoted to the screening of functional thyroid status, has been written using data provided by 359 patients, 282 euthyroid and 77 hyperthyroid. The model is based on Bayes’ theorem.Using only 9 clinical signs and the free thyroxin index, the program achieved, on a test-sample of 117 new patients, an overall accuracy of 90% ; 10% of the cases were in the zone of uncertainty, and none was misdiagnosed.Different screening strategies are examined and their results discussed.

scholarly journals Chairside CAD/CAM Materials: Current Trends of Clinical Uses

Biology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 1170
Author(s):  
Giulio Marchesi ◽  
Alvise Camurri Piloni ◽  
Vanessa Nicolin ◽  
Gianluca Turco ◽  
Roberto Di Lenarda
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Outcome ◽  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
Fabrication Process ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
Current Trends ◽  
Computer Aided ◽  
Restorative Materials ◽  
Cad Cam ◽  
Aided Design

Restorative materials are experiencing an extensive upgrade thanks to the use of chairside Computer-aided design/computer-assisted manufacturing (CAD/CAM) restorations. Therefore, due to the variety offered in the market, choosing the best material could be puzzling for the practitioner. The clinical outcome of the restoration is influenced mainly by the material and its handling than by the fabrication process (i.e., CAD/CAM). Information on the restorative materials performances can be difficult to gather and compare. The aim of this article is to provide an overview of chairside CAD/CAM materials, their classification, and clinically relevant aspects that enable the reader to select the most appropriate material for predictable success.

REDUCING THE ADVERSE EFFECTS OF THE OPERATION OF GAS FIRED MELTING FURNACES ON THE ENVIRONMENT

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luboslav Straka ◽  
Tibor Krenicky
Keyword(s):  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Combustion Process ◽  
Melting Furnace ◽  
Operating Mode ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
Pollutant Emissions ◽  
Experimental Measurements ◽  
Global Concern ◽  
Overall Efficiency

Due to the growing production on a global scale, the use of fossil fuels is also increasing. Therefore, the control of pollutant emissions produced in the industrial sphere has become a global concern. In general, an imperfect combustion process has a negative impact on the overall efficiency and economy of plant operation, but at the same time increases the share of total emissions in the environment. We also encounter this problem when operating gas fired melting furnaces. Therefore, the paper aimed to describe the results of experimental measurements of the number of emissions produced during the operation of a gas fired melting furnace, which in practice is mainly used for melting alloys. Experimental measurements were oriented to find the most suitable variant of the operating mode of the gas fired melting furnace with regard to minimizing the total amount of emissions produced.

scholarly journals Gender imbalance in medical imaging datasets produces biased classifiers for computer-aided diagnosis

2020 ◽  
Vol 117 (23) ◽  
pp. 12592-12594 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agostina J. Larrazabal ◽  
Nicolás Nieto ◽  
Victoria Peterson ◽  
Diego H. Milone ◽  
Enzo Ferrante
Keyword(s):  
Medical Imaging ◽  
Medical Image ◽  
Computer Aided Diagnosis ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
Gender Imbalance ◽  
Gender Balance ◽  
Computer Aided ◽  
Medical Image Computing ◽  
Assisted Diagnosis ◽  
Aided Diagnosis

Artificial intelligence (AI) systems for computer-aided diagnosis and image-based screening are being adopted worldwide by medical institutions. In such a context, generating fair and unbiased classifiers becomes of paramount importance. The research community of medical image computing is making great efforts in developing more accurate algorithms to assist medical doctors in the difficult task of disease diagnosis. However, little attention is paid to the way databases are collected and how this may influence the performance of AI systems. Our study sheds light on the importance of gender balance in medical imaging datasets used to train AI systems for computer-assisted diagnosis. We provide empirical evidence supported by a large-scale study, based on three deep neural network architectures and two well-known publicly available X-ray image datasets used to diagnose various thoracic diseases under different gender imbalance conditions. We found a consistent decrease in performance for underrepresented genders when a minimum balance is not fulfilled. This raises the alarm for national agencies in charge of regulating and approving computer-assisted diagnosis systems, which should include explicit gender balance and diversity recommendations. We also establish an open problem for the academic medical image computing community which needs to be addressed by novel algorithms endowed with robustness to gender imbalance.

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