scholarly journals Conceptual models of information production cycles and optimal management of environmental pollution and health risks

2021 ◽  
Vol 2094 (5) ◽  
pp. 052055
Author(s):  
B M Balter ◽  
D B Balter ◽  
V V Egorov ◽  
E Yu Romanova ◽  
M I Podzorova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Risks ◽  
Feedback Loop ◽  
Conceptual Models ◽  
Optimal Management ◽  
Information Flows ◽  
Time Step ◽  
Control Information ◽  
Production Cycles ◽  
Information Circulation

Abstract In this paper, variants of the theoretical formalism are presented, which allow one to quantify the information flows in the optimal control system. The fundamental role of feedback is substantiated: observation ↔ control: information circulation through the feedback loop, when the information embedded in the object through its control, at the next time step, returns to the controlling subject in the form of information contained in observations of the object.

Governance Indicators and the Broken Feedback Loop

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hazel Feigenblatt
Keyword(s):  
Feedback Loop ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Information Flows ◽  
Traditional Media ◽  
User Research ◽  
Related Data ◽  
Governance Indicators ◽  
Self Assessments ◽  
Theories Of Change

This chapter presents an overview of the role of communications in governance indicators and discusses challenges to understanding whether, how, and why their intended audiences use or fail to use rankings, indices, and related data. These include long-standing challenges associated with ensuring that information meets the needs of different target audiences, engaging with traditional media, and using rankings to present indicators. As new technologies have changed information flows and dynamics, new challenges have emerged, including echo chambers and data graveyards. The chapter shows a broken feedback loop between governance indicator creators and their intended users that can be traced to the understanding of communications as an accessory activity, without integrating user research and frank self-assessments into the indicator creation cycle. More research should be conducted about the extent to which the current offer of indicators is meeting users’ needs and the extent to which underlying theories of change remain valid.

MANAJEMEN GURU MODEL GUARDIAN ANGEL MENURUT MUNIF CHATIB

1970 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 85-108
Author(s):  
Ni’matul Khasanah
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Human Resources ◽  
Lesson Plan ◽  
Qualitative Approach ◽  
Optimal Management ◽  
Guardian Angel ◽  
Humanistic Approach ◽  
Data Content ◽  
Teacher Reports

The background of this research is the fact that the management of improving teacher‟s professionalism is still not effective. The role of teacher as planner, implementer, and developer of curriculum is also not optimal. Management of teachers is needed because teachers have a significant role in the success of learning process. This research was aimed at knowing Guardian Angel‟s concept of teacher management suggested by Munif Chatib and how it develops according to him. The implementation of Guardian Angel model of teacher management was presented through a testimony and direct interviews with Guardian Angel‟s trainees. This research used qualitative approach by studying Munif Chatib‟s books and direct interviews. Data were analyzed with content analysis, which included: (1) literary study of Munif Chatib‟s books, (2) description of Guardian Angel model of teacher management by Munif Chatib. This research found that (1) the concept of Guardian Angel teacher management uses humanistic approach, especially in regard to schedules of consultation, teaching strategies, and assessment through four kinds of teacher reports, including reports of morals, creativity, lesson plan, and student‟s learning results; (2) the basis used is the cornerstone of the scientific human resources and philosophical foundation that teachers carry out the work of teaching, which includes planning, teaching, evaluating, and learning. The first three points are teacher‟s obligations, while the last is their right. Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi adanya keprihatinan manajemenpeningkatan profesionalitas guru yang belum berjalan efektif. Peranan guru sebagai perencana, pelaksana dan pengembang kurikulum yang belum optimal. Manajemen guru diperlukan mengingat bahwa peran guru amat signifikan bagi setiap keberhasilan proses pembelajaran.Penelitian ini mengungkap tentang manajemen guru Guardian Angel menurut Munif Chatib. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui konsep manajemen guru model Guardian Angel menurut Munif Chatib, dan berkembangannya Guardian Angel dalam pemikiran Munif Chatib. Implementasi manajemen guru model Guardian Angel dihadirkan melalui testimoni dan wawancara langsung dengan peserta pelatihan Guardian Angel. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif, dengan melakukan kajian terhadap buku - buku karya Munif Chatib dan wawancara langsung. Teknik anaisis data content analysis. Analisis meliputi: (1) kajian pustaka buku-buku karya Munif Chatib, (2) mendeskripsikan manajemen guru model Guardian Angel dalam pemikiran Munif Chatib.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: (1) konsep model manajemen guru Guardian Angel menggunakan pola pendekatan manajemen humanis, terutama dalam jadwal konsultasi, strategi mengajar dan penilaian melalui empat rapor guru, yaitu rapor akhlak, rapor kreativitas, rapor lesson plan dan rapor hasil belajar siswa (2) landasan yang digunakan adalah landasan keilmuan sumber daya manusia dan landasan filosofi bahwa profesi guru mengemban pekerjaan manajemen, yaitu perencanaan , mengajar dan mengevaluasi dan belajar. Tiga hal pertama difahami sebagai kewajiban, sedangkan belajar dimaknai sebagai hak bagi seorang guru (3) Guardian Angel sebagai manajemen quality control yang meliputi: lesson plan, konsultasi, observasi dan umpan balik.

scholarly journals Remediation of mercury-contaminated soils and sediments using biochar: a critical review

Biochar ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qian Yang ◽  
Yongjie Wang ◽  
Huan Zhong
Keyword(s):  
Health Risks ◽  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Functional Materials ◽  
Redox Conditions ◽  
Existing Problems ◽  
Soils And Sediments ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms ◽  
Biochar Amendment

AbstractThe transformation of mercury (Hg) into the more toxic and bioaccumulative form methylmercury (MeHg) in soils and sediments can lead to the biomagnification of MeHg through the food chain, which poses ecological and health risks. In the last decade, biochar application, an in situ remediation technique, has been shown to be effective in mitigating the risks from Hg in soils and sediments. However, uncertainties associated with biochar use and its underlying mechanisms remain. Here, we summarize recent studies on the effects and advantages of biochar amendment related to Hg biogeochemistry and its bioavailability in soils and sediments and systematically analyze the progress made in understanding the underlying mechanisms responsible for reductions in Hg bioaccumulation. The existing literature indicates (1) that biochar application decreases the mobility of inorganic Hg in soils and sediments and (2) that biochar can reduce the bioavailability of MeHg and its accumulation in crops but has a complex effect on net MeHg production. In this review, two main mechanisms, a direct mechanism (e.g., Hg-biochar binding) and an indirect mechanism (e.g., biochar-impacted sulfur cycling and thus Hg-soil binding), that explain the reduction in Hg bioavailability by biochar amendment based on the interactions among biochar, soil and Hg under redox conditions are highlighted. Furthermore, the existing problems with the use of biochar to treat Hg-contaminated soils and sediments, such as the appropriate dose and the long-term effectiveness of biochar, are discussed. Further research involving laboratory tests and field applications is necessary to obtain a mechanistic understanding of the role of biochar in reducing Hg bioavailability in diverse soil types under varying redox conditions and to develop completely green and sustainable biochar-based functional materials for mitigating Hg-related health risks.

scholarly journals Role of parasitic modes in nonlinear closure via the resolvent feedback loop

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin Rosenberg ◽  
Sean Symon ◽  
Beverley J. McKeon
Keyword(s):  
Feedback Loop

scholarly journals Smad2/3 Activation Regulates Smad1/5/8 Signaling via a Negative Feedback Loop to Inhibit 3T3-L1 Adipogenesis

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (16) ◽  
pp. 8472
Author(s):  
Senem Aykul ◽  
Jordan Maust ◽  
Vijayalakshmi Thamilselvan ◽  
Monique Floer ◽  
Erik Martinez-Hackert
Keyword(s):  
Negative Feedback ◽  
Feedback Loop ◽  
Negative Feedback Loop ◽  
Adipose Tissues ◽  
Family Growth ◽  
Simultaneous Activation ◽  
Adipocyte Hypertrophy ◽  
Adipocyte Development ◽  
Energy Surplus

Adipose tissues (AT) expand in response to energy surplus through adipocyte hypertrophy and hyperplasia. The latter, also known as adipogenesis, is a process by which multipotent precursors differentiate to form mature adipocytes. This process is directed by developmental cues that include members of the TGF-β family. Our goal here was to elucidate, using the 3T3-L1 adipogenesis model, how TGF-β family growth factors and inhibitors regulate adipocyte development. We show that ligands of the Activin and TGF-β families, several ligand traps, and the SMAD1/5/8 signaling inhibitor LDN-193189 profoundly suppressed 3T3-L1 adipogenesis. Strikingly, anti-adipogenic traps and ligands engaged the same mechanism of action involving the simultaneous activation of SMAD2/3 and inhibition of SMAD1/5/8 signaling. This effect was rescued by the SMAD2/3 signaling inhibitor SB-431542. By contrast, although LDN-193189 also suppressed SMAD1/5/8 signaling and adipogenesis, its effect could not be rescued by SB-431542. Collectively, these findings reveal the fundamental role of SMAD1/5/8 for 3T3-L1 adipogenesis, and potentially identify a negative feedback loop that links SMAD2/3 activation with SMAD1/5/8 inhibition in adipogenic precursors.

scholarly journals The Role of Process Coupling in the Time Step Sensitivity of E3SM's Microphysics

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sean Patrick Santos ◽  
Peter Caldwell ◽  
Christopher Bretherton
Keyword(s):  
Time Step ◽  
Process Coupling

The Role of Speech-Language Pathology and Audiology in the Optimal Management of the Service Member Returning From Iraq or Afghanistan With a Blast-Related Head Injury

2010 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 219-224 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leora R. Cherney ◽  
Patricia Gardner ◽  
Jeri A. Logemann ◽  
Lisa A. Newman ◽  
Therese OʼNeil-Pirozzi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Head Injury ◽  
Service Member ◽  
Optimal Management ◽  
Speech Language Pathology ◽  
Language Pathology

scholarly journals Autocrine signaling by an Aplysia neurotrophin forms a presynaptic positive feedback loop

2018 ◽  
Vol 115 (47) ◽  
pp. E11168-E11177 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iksung Jin ◽  
Hiroshi Udo ◽  
Russell Nicholls ◽  
Huixiang Zhu ◽  
Eric R. Kandel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Positive Feedback ◽  
Feedback Loop ◽  
Autocrine Signaling ◽  
Positive Feedback Loop ◽  
Short Term Plasticity ◽  
Extracellular Signaling ◽  
Presynaptic Protein ◽  
Long Term Facilitation

Whereas short-term plasticity is often initiated on one side of the synapse, long-term plasticity involves coordinated changes on both sides, implying extracellular signaling. We have investigated the possible signaling role of an Aplysia neurotrophin (ApNT) in facilitation induced by serotonin (5HT) at sensory-to-motor neuron synapses in culture. ApNT is an ortholog of mammalian BDNF, which has been reported to act as either an anterograde, retrograde, or autocrine signal, so that its pre- and postsynaptic sources and targets remain unclear. We now report that ApNT acts as a presynaptic autocrine signal that forms part of a positive feedback loop with ApTrk and PKA. That loop stimulates spontaneous transmitter release, which recruits postsynaptic mechanisms, and presynaptic protein synthesis during the transition from short- to intermediate-term facilitation and may also initiate gene regulation to trigger the transition to long-term facilitation. These results suggest that a presynaptic ApNT feedback loop plays several key roles during consolidation of learning-related synaptic plasticity.

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