Photo-e.m.f. at a metal/layered n-InSe semiconductor contact under heating conditions of current carriers by an electric field

Abstract The features of the photo-e.m.f. are experimentally studied on the metal/n-InSe contact under conditions of heating the current carriers by an electric field in the temperature range of T0 =77÷350 K. The dependences of the photo-e.m.f. (Uph ) value have been measured in the absence of ( U p h 0 ) and under the condition of heating the current carriers ( U p h E ^ ) , as well as the value of Δ U p h = ( U p h E ^ -U p h 0 ) from the wavelength (λ) and light intensity (I), heating electric field strength (Ê), time (τ), temperature (T0 ), the initial value of the dark resistivity (ρD0 at 77K) n-InSe. It has been established that the heating of current carriers by an electric field significantly affects the magnitude and behavior of the photo-e.m.f. characteristics on the metal/n-InSe contact. The nature of this effect depends on T0,ρD0, I. The value of U p h E ^ significantly exceeds the value of U p h 0 . With an increase in Ê, the value of AUph increases linearly (ΔUph~Ê) at relatively small Ê, and the dependence of ΔUph (Ê) reaches saturation at higher Ê. The value of ΔUph decreases with increasing ρD0 , at relatively small Ê. With an increase in ρD0 , the relaxation time of the photo-e.m.f. also increases when turned off the pulse of the electric field. The obtained experimental results are explained on the basis of the dependence of the photo-e.m.f. on the metal/n-InSe contact on the effective temperature of heated current carriers (Te ), considering the effect of the spatial inhomogeneity of n-InSe crystals on the photo-e.m.f. and on the process of heating the current carriers.

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HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC CONDUCTIVITY OF RUBIDIUM DIHYDROPHOSPHATE AND ITS RELAXATION

Chronos Journal ◽

10.31618/2658-7556-2019-38-11-2 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

S.M. Gadzhiev ◽

A.S. Gadzhiev

Keyword(s):

Electrical Conductivity ◽

Relaxation Time ◽

Field Strength ◽

Electric Field ◽

Electric Field Strength ◽

Relative Increase ◽

Relaxation Processes ◽

Electrolyte Conductivity ◽

Increasing Temperature ◽

Limiting Value

The dependence of electrical conductivity on the electric field strength and relaxation processes in the proton solid electrolyte RbH₂PO₄ are investigated. With increasing electric field strength, the electrolyte conductivity increases in an attempt to the limiting value. The relative increase in conductivity and relaxation time with increasing temperature increase and reaches 208% at 600 K. The relaxation time is of the order of 104 s.

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Optical Measurement of the Electric Field Strength in a Gel Insulator

IEEJ Transactions on Electronics Information and Systems ◽

10.1541/ieejeiss.136.1420 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 136 (10) ◽

pp. 1420-1421

Author(s):

Yusuke Tanaka ◽

Yuji Nagaoka ◽

Hyeon-Gu Jeon ◽

Masaharu Fujii ◽

Haruo Ihori

Keyword(s):

Field Strength ◽

Electric Field ◽

Electric Field Strength ◽

Optical Measurement

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Effect of external magnetic field on lane formation in driven pair-ion plasmas

Journal of Plasma Physics ◽

10.1017/s0022377821000027 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 87 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Swati Baruah ◽

U. Sarma ◽

R. Ganesh

Keyword(s):

Magnetic Field ◽

External Magnetic Field ◽

Field Strength ◽

Electric Field ◽

Electric Field Strength ◽

Coupling Parameter ◽

Critical Parameters ◽

Coulomb Coupling ◽

Lane Formation ◽

Parameter Values

Lane formation dynamics in externally driven pair-ion plasma (PIP) particles is studied in the presence of external magnetic field using Langevin dynamics (LD) simulation. The phase diagram obtained distinguishing the no-lane and lane states is systematically determined from a study of various Coulomb coupling parameter values. A peculiar lane formation-disintegration parameter space is identified; lane formation area extended to a wide range of Coulomb coupling parameter values is observed before disappearing to a mixed phase. The different phases are identified by calculating the order parameter. This and the critical parameters are calculated directly from LD simulation. The critical electric field strength value above which the lanes are formed distinctly is obtained, and it is observed that in the presence of the external magnetic field, the PIP system requires a higher value of the electric field strength to enter into the lane formation state than that in the absence of the magnetic field. We further find out the critical value of electric field frequency beyond which the system exhibits a transition back to the disordered state and this critical frequency is found as an increasing function of the electric field strength in the presence of an external magnetic field. The movement of the lanes is also observed in a direction perpendicular to that of the applied electric and magnetic field directions, which reveals the existence of the electric field drift in the system under study. We also use an oblique force field as the external driving force, both in the presence and absence of the external magnetic field. The application of this oblique force changes the orientation of the lane structures for different applied oblique angle values.

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Overscreening, Co-Ion-Dominated Electroosmosis, and Electric Field Strength Mediated Flow Reversal in Polyelectrolyte Brush Functionalized Nanochannels

ACS Nano ◽

10.1021/acsnano.0c09248 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Turash Haque Pial ◽

Harnoor Singh Sachar ◽

Parth Rakesh Desai ◽

Siddhartha Das

Keyword(s):

Field Strength ◽

Electric Field ◽

Electric Field Strength ◽

Flow Reversal ◽

Polyelectrolyte Brush

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Sensor of the electric field strength vector components in the form of three mutually perpendicular square

Journal of Physics Conference Series ◽

10.1088/1742-6596/1791/1/012038 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 1791 (1) ◽

pp. 012038

Author(s):

S V Biryukov ◽

S S Kolmogorova ◽

A S Kolmogorov

Keyword(s):

Field Strength ◽

Electric Field ◽

Electric Field Strength ◽

Strength Vector

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Investigating the feasibility of cerebellar transcranial direct current stimulation to facilitate post-stroke overground gait performance in chronic stroke: a partial least-squares regression approach

Journal of NeuroEngineering and Rehabilitation ◽

10.1186/s12984-021-00817-3 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Dhaval Solanki ◽

Zeynab Rezaee ◽

Anirban Dutta ◽

Uttama Lahiri

Keyword(s):

Field Strength ◽

Electric Field ◽

Electric Field Strength ◽

Chronic Stroke ◽

Least Squares Regression ◽

Significance Level ◽

Gait Performance ◽

Wilcoxon Rank Sum Test ◽

Gait Parameters ◽

The Mean

Abstract Background Investigation of lobule-specific electric field effects of cerebellar transcranial direct current stimulation (ctDCS) on overground gait performance has not been performed, so this study aimed to investigate the feasibility of two lobule-specific bilateral ctDCS montages to facilitate overground walking in chronic stroke. Methods Ten chronic post-stroke male subjects participated in this repeated-measure single-blind crossover study, where we evaluated the single-session effects of two bilateral ctDCS montages that applied 2 mA via 3.14 cm2 disc electrodes for 15 min targeting (a) dentate nuclei (also, anterior and posterior lobes), and (b) lower-limb representations (lobules VIIb-IX). A two-sided Wilcoxon rank-sum test was performed at a 5% significance level on the percent normalized change measures in the overground gait performance. Partial least squares regression (PLSR) analysis was performed on the quantitative gait parameters as response variables to the mean lobular electric field strength as the predictors. Clinical assessments were performed with the Ten-Meter walk test (TMWT), Timed Up & Go (TUG), and the Berg Balance Scale based on minimal clinically important differences (MCID). Results The ctDCS montage specific effect was found significant using a two-sided Wilcoxon rank-sum test at a 5% significance level for 'Step Time Affected Leg' (p = 0.0257) and '%Stance Time Unaffected Leg' (p = 0.0376). The changes in the quantitative gait parameters were found to be correlated to the mean electric field strength in the lobules based on PLSR analysis (R2 statistic = 0.6574). Here, the mean electric field strength at the cerebellar lobules, Vermis VIIIb, Ipsi-lesional IX, Vermis IX, Ipsi-lesional X, had the most loading and were positively related to the 'Step Time Affected Leg' and '%Stance Time Unaffected Leg,' and negatively related to the '%Swing Time Unaffected Leg,' '%Single Support Time Affected Leg.' Clinical assessments found similar improvement in the TMWT (MCID: 0.10 m/s), TUG (MCID: 8 s), and BBS score (MCID: 12.5 points) for both the ctDCS montages. Conclusion Our feasibility study found an association between the lobular mean electric field strength and the changes in the quantitative gait parameters following a single ctDCS session in chronic stroke. Both the ctDCS montages improved the clinical outcome measures that should be investigated with a larger sample size for clinical validation. Trial registration: Being retrospectively registered.

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