scholarly journals Phytoplankton species potentially Harmful Algal Blooms (HABs) in Jakarta Bay

2021 ◽  
Vol 744 (1) ◽  
pp. 012077
Author(s):  
T Sidabutar ◽  
E S Srimariana ◽  
S Wouthuyzen
2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 19
Author(s):  
R. E. Muciño-Márquez ◽  
M. G. Figueroa-Torres ◽  
A. Esquivel-Herrera

Se determinó la estructura de la comunidad fitoplanctónica a lo largo de un ciclo nictemeral y su relación con las especies que forman Floraciones Algales Nocivas (FAN), en la boca de la laguna costera de Sontecomapan, Veracruz, durante los días 27 y 28 de octubre de 1999. Se recolectaron muestras de agua cada dos horas con una botella van Dorn para medir la temperatura, la salinidad, el pH, el oxígeno disuelto, la composición y la abundancia de la comunidad fitoplanctónica y se revisó el comportamiento de flujo y reflujo de la marea. Para describir el comportamiento de la comunidad se calculó el índice de dominancia simple, el de diversidad de Shannon (H´), equidad de Pielou (J`) y para comprender la relación de la abundancia de las especies del fitoplancton y las variables ambientales se aplicó un análisis de correspondencia canónica. Los resultados mostraron un total de 179 taxa, de los cuales 27 han sido reportadas como formadores de FAN en otros lugares. Los valores máximos de H´ = 5.8, J`= 0.9 se reportaron A las 11:00 horas de los días 27 y 28 y los mínimos de H´ = 3.79, J`= 0.6, a las 15:00 y las 23:00 horas del día 27. Con el índice de dominancia simple se determinó que Fragilaria exigua, F. tenuicollis, F. ulna var. ulna, Prorocentrum gracile y Scrippsiella trochoidea, fueron dominantes en el ciclo nictemeral. Cabe señalar que la salinidad fue la variable ambiental que más influyó en la composición y abundancia de la comunidad fitoplanctónica. Circadian variation of the phytoplankton community and its relationship to the species forming harmful algal blooms in the mouth of Sontecomapan coastal la- goon, Veracruz, Mexico We determined the structure of the phytoplankton community along a circadian cycle and its relation to species Harmful Algae Species (HAB), at the mouth of the coastal lagoon, Sontecomapan Veracruz, during the 27th and 28th of October, 1999. Water samples were collected every two hours employing a van Dorn bottle, to measure temperature, salinity, pH, dissolved oxygen, the composition and abundance of phytoplankton community and reviewed the behavior of ebb and flow of tides. In order to describe the behavior of the community the following criteria were used: simple dominance index, the Shannon diversity (H ‘), the Pielou equity (J`) and a canonical correspondence analysis was applied to understand the relationship between the abundance of phytoplankton species and environmental variables. The results showed a total of 179 taxa, 27 of which form HAB elsewhere. At 11:00 hours on October 27 and 28 maximum values of H ‘= 5.8, J`= 0.9 are reported, the minimum of H’= 3.79, J`= 0.6 at 15:00 and 23:00 hours on October 27. With simple dominance index it was determined that Fragilaria exigua, F. tenuicollis, F. ulna var. ulna, Prorocentrum gracile, and Scrippsiella trochoidea, were dominant in the circadian cycle. It should be noted that salinity was the environmental factor which most influenced the composition and abundance of phytoplankton community.


Toxins ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 601 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicole D. Wagner ◽  
Felicia S. Osburn ◽  
Jingyu Wang ◽  
Raegyn B. Taylor ◽  
Ashlynn R. Boedecker ◽  
...  

Harmful algal blooms (HABs) are increasing in magnitude, frequency, and duration globally. Even though a limited number of phytoplankton species can be toxic, they are becoming one of the greatest water quality threats to public health and ecosystems due to their intrinsic toxicity to humans and the numerous interacting factors that undermine HAB forecasting. Here, we show that the carbon:nitrogen:phosphorus (C:N:P) stoichiometry of a common toxic phytoplankton species, Microcystis, regulates toxin quotas during blooms through a tradeoff between primary and secondary metabolism. Populations with optimal C:N (< 8) and C:P (< 200) cellular stoichiometry consistently produced more toxins than populations exhibiting stoichiometric plasticity. Phosphorus availability in water exerted a strong control on population biomass and C:P stoichiometry, but N availability exerted a stronger control on toxin quotas by regulating population biomass and C:N:P stoichiometry. Microcystin-LR, like many phytoplankton toxins, is an N-rich secondary metabolite with a C:N stoichiometry that is similar to the optimal growth stoichiometry of Microcystis. Thus, N availability relative to P and light provides a dual regulatory mechanism that controls both biomass production and cellular toxin synthesis. Overall, our results provide a quantitative framework for improving forecasting of toxin production during HABs and compelling support for water quality management that limit both N and P inputs from anthropogenic sources.


2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 181
Author(s):  
Tarunamulia Tarunamulia ◽  
Kamariah Kamariah ◽  
Akhmad Mustafa

Harmful Algal Blooms (HABs) dapat memberikan dampak negatif secara ekologis, ekonomis dan kesehatan.  Kejadian dapat bervariasi menurut faktor lingkungan lokal pemicu serta kemampuan adaptasi spesies.  Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui keterkaitan antara karakteristik kualitas lingkungan dengan keberadaan fitoplankton berpotensi HABs pada tambak ekstensif di Kecamatan Losari Kabupaten Cirebon, Jawa Barat.  Sebanyak masing-masing 45 contoh air dan tanah diambil pada total luas petakan tambak ±2300 ha dengan metode transek yang dimodifikasi. Peubah kualitas air yang diukur meliputi; Total Amonia Nitrogen (TAN), Nitrit (NO2-N), Nitrat (NO3-N), Fosfat (PO4-P), Bahan Organik Total (BOT) dan Plankton.  Sedangkan peubah kualitas tanah tambak meliputi pH, total nitrogen (NTOT), fosfat (PO4-P) dan BOT. Analisis keterkaitan kualitas lingkungan dengan keberadaan fitoplankton berpotensi HABs dilakukan dengan BIO-ENV analysis, Cluster analysis, dan analisis spasial dengan software PRIMER 5.0 dan ArcGIS 10.0.  Dari  23 spesies yang diidentifikasi terdapat 5 spesies (21%) yang potensial sebagai HABs meliputi Prorocentrum sp, Ceratium sp, Gymnodinium sp, Thalassiosira sp dan Nitzchia sp.   Prorocentrum sp ditemukan pada 21 stasiun  dari total 45 stasiun dengan kepadatan tertinggi (508 ind/L). Hasil analisis selanjutnya menunjukkan bahwa distribusi spasial spesies berkaitan erat dengan distribusi nilai TAN dan BOT air serta nilai N-Total tanah. Jika tidak ada upaya pengelolaan dan mitigasi sehubungan keberadaan HABs tersebut maka dikhawatirkan dapat mempengaruhi produktivitas dan keberlanjutan kegiatan budidaya di lokasi penelitian.Harmful Algal Blooms (HABs) can cause serious negative ecological, economical and human health impacts. The occurrence of HABs may vary according to local environmental factors and the adaptability level of the causative species. This study aims to determine the relationship between environmental quality and the presence of causative phytoplankton species of HABs at extensive brackishwater aquaculture ponds located in Losari District, Cirebon Regency, and West Java Province. The sampling method followed a modified transect method by which a total of 45 each water and soil samples were taken from pond units, covering the total area of about 2300 ha. Water quality parameters comprised total ammonia nitrogen (TAN), nitrite, nitrate, phosphate and total organic matter (TOM). Whilst the pond soil quality variables included pH, total nitrogen (NTOT), phosphate and TOM. Spatial relationship between environmental quality and the presence of potentially causative phytoplankton species of HABs conducted through BIO-ENV analysis, cluster analysis and spatial analysis with the help of software PRIMER 5.0 and ArcGIS 10. Of the total 23 identified phytoplankton species, 5 species (21%) were classified as potentially causative sepecies of HABs including Prorocentrum sp, Ceratium sp, Gymnodinium sp, Thalassiosira sp and Nitzchia sp.  Prorocentrum sp was discovered in 21 stations of a total of 45 stations and accounted for the highest density (508 ind. / L). The results further indicated that the spatial distribution of the causative species is closely related to the distribution of values of TAN and TOM (water) and NTOT (soil).  Unless effective management and mitigation efforts are undertaken, the presence of the potentially causative species could affect the sustainability of aquaculture activities at the study sites.


Shore & Beach ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 34-43
Author(s):  
Nicole Elko ◽  
Tiffany Roberts Briggs

In partnership with the U.S. Geological Survey Coastal and Marine Hazards and Resources Program (USGS CMHRP) and the U.S. Coastal Research Program (USCRP), the American Shore and Beach Preservation Association (ASBPA) has identified coastal stakeholders’ top coastal management challenges. Informed by two annual surveys, a multiple-choice online poll was conducted in 2019 to evaluate stakeholders’ most pressing problems and needs, including those they felt most ill-equipped to deal with in their day-to-day duties and which tools they most need to address these challenges. The survey also explored where users find technical information and what is missing. From these results, USGS CMHRP, USCRP, ASBPA, and other partners aim to identify research needs that will inform appropriate investments in useful science, tools, and resources to address today’s most pressing coastal challenges. The 15-question survey yielded 134 complete responses with an 80% completion rate from coastal stakeholders such as local community representatives and their industry consultants, state and federal agency representatives, and academics. Respondents from the East, Gulf, West, and Great Lakes coasts, as well as Alaska and Hawaii, were represented. Overall, the prioritized coastal management challenges identified by the survey were: Deteriorating ecosystems leading to reduced (environmental, recreational, economic, storm buffer) functionality, Increasing storminess due to climate change (i.e. more frequent and intense impacts), Coastal flooding, both Sea level rise and associated flooding (e.g. nuisance flooding, king tides), and Combined effects of rainfall and surge on urban flooding (i.e. episodic, short-term), Chronic beach erosion (i.e. high/increasing long-term erosion rates), and Coastal water quality, including harmful algal blooms (e.g. red tide, sargassum). A careful, systematic, and interdisciplinary approach should direct efforts to identify specific research needed to tackle these challenges. A notable shift in priorities from erosion to water-related challenges was recorded from respondents with organizations initially formed for beachfront management. In addition, affiliation-specific and regional responses varied, such as Floridians concern more with harmful algal blooms than any other human and ecosystem health related challenge. The most common need for additional coastal management tools and strategies related to adaptive coastal management to maintain community resilience and continuous storm barriers (dunes, structures), as the top long-term and extreme event needs, respectively. In response to questions about missing information that agencies can provide, respondents frequently mentioned up-to-date data on coastal systems and solutions to challenges as more important than additional tools.


Harmful Algae ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 101975
Author(s):  
Donald M. Anderson ◽  
Elizabeth Fensin ◽  
Christopher J. Gobler ◽  
Alicia E. Hoeglund ◽  
Katherine A. Hubbard ◽  
...  

Author(s):  
Shannon J Sibbald ◽  
Maggie Lawton ◽  
John M Archibald

Abstract The Pelagophyceae are marine stramenopile algae that include Aureoumbra lagunensis and Aureococcus anophagefferens, two microbial species notorious for causing harmful algal blooms. Despite their ecological significance, relatively few genomic studies of pelagophytes have been carried out. To improve understanding of the biology and evolution of pelagophyte algae, we sequenced complete mitochondrial genomes for A. lagunensis (CCMP1510), Pelagomonas calceolata (CCMP1756) and five strains of A. anophagefferens (CCMP1707, CCMP1708, CCMP1850, CCMP1984 and CCMP3368) using Nanopore long-read sequencing. All pelagophyte mitochondrial genomes assembled into single, circular mapping contigs between 39,376 base-pairs (bp) (P. calceolata) and 55,968 bp (A. lagunensis) in size. Mitochondrial genomes for the five A. anophagefferens strains varied slightly in length (42,401 bp—42,621 bp) and were 99.4%-100.0% identical. Gene content and order was highly conserved between the A. anophagefferens and P. calceolata genomes, with the only major difference being a unique region in A. anophagefferens containing DNA adenine and cytosine methyltransferase (dam/dcm) genes that appear to be the product of lateral gene transfer from a prokaryotic or viral donor. While the A. lagunensis mitochondrial genome shares seven distinct syntenic blocks with the other pelagophyte genomes, it has a tandem repeat expansion comprising ∼40% of its length, and lacks identifiable rps19 and glycine tRNA genes. Laterally acquired self-splicing introns were also found in the 23S rRNA (rnl) gene of P. calceolata and the coxI gene of the five A. anophagefferens genomes. Overall, these data provide baseline knowledge about the genetic diversity of bloom-forming pelagophytes relative to non-bloom-forming species.


Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 1409
Author(s):  
Hamdhani Hamdhani ◽  
Drew E. Eppehimer ◽  
David Walker ◽  
Michael T. Bogan

Chlorophyll-a measurements are an important factor in the water quality monitoring of surface waters, especially for determining the trophic status and ecosystem management. However, a collection of field samples for extractive analysis in a laboratory may not fully represent the field conditions. Handheld fluorometers that can measure chlorophyll-a in situ are available, but their performance in waters with a variety of potential light-interfering substances has not yet been tested. We tested a handheld fluorometer for sensitivity to ambient light and turbidity and compared these findings with EPA Method 445.0 using water samples obtained from two urban lakes in Tucson, Arizona, USA. Our results suggested that the probe was not sensitive to ambient light and performed well at low chlorophyll-a concentrations (<25 µg/L) across a range of turbidity levels (50–70 NTU). However, the performance was lower when the chlorophyll-a concentrations were >25 µg/L and turbidity levels were <50 NTU. To account for this discrepancy, we developed a calibration equation to use for this handheld fluorometer when field monitoring for potential harmful algal blooms in water bodies.


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