scholarly journals Regeneration from leaf explants of steppe cherry (Prunus fruticosa Pall)

2021 ◽  
Vol 845 (1) ◽  
pp. 012025
Author(s):  
T V Plaksina ◽  
O V Mochalova ◽  
I D Borodulina
Keyword(s):  
Mitotic Index ◽  
Leaf Explants ◽  
Direct Organogenesis ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Ex Vitro ◽  
Leaf Base ◽  
Somaclonal Variability ◽  
Plant Habit ◽  
Index Value

Abstract The article represents data on morphogenesis from leaf explants of three steppe cherry genotypes, as well as the degree of somaclonal variability at in vitro and ex vitro stages, and in the field. It was revealed that a content of 6-benzylaminopurine, 4.43 μM, in combination with auxin, 0.5–0.6 μM, stimulates in the light the direct organogenesis in the tissues of the leaf base. This reaction was observed from 16.7 to 75.0% of explants, depending on the genotype. An equal 6-benzylaminopurine - auxin ratio (1: 1) led to the callus along with microshoots. Depending on the genotype, up to 30.0% of explants had such a mixed type of organogenesis. The mitotic index value in the apical leaflets differed depending on the day time. At the stage of micropropagation itself, an increase of the mitotic index was observed from 10 to 16 hours; at the stage ex vitro, no significant differences in the mitosis frequency were revealed within this time interval. No significant differences were found between the level of the mitotic index for plants obtained directly from leaves and those from buds. The mitosis passed without disturbances. No phenotypic changes in plant habit, shape and color of leaves were found.

scholarly journals Histological studies of in vitro regeneration induced in leaf explants of Nymphoides cristatum (Roxb) O.Kuntze – An aquatic medicinal plant

1970 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mallapa Hanumanthu Niranjan ◽  
Mysore Shankar Sudarshana
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plant ◽  
In Vitro Regeneration ◽  
Leaf Explants ◽  
Direct Organogenesis ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Free Medium ◽  
Histological Studies ◽  
Leaf Histology ◽  
Benzyl Amino Purine

The objective of this work was to study the histological events related to the regeneration process of a medicinal plant, Nymphoides cristatum (Roxb). Leaf explants were cultured on MS medium supplemented with 0.5 mgl-1 of 6-benzyl amino purine (BAP). About 90% of explants gave rise to shoots after 15 days of incubation. The histological studies showed that the regeneration originated directly from parenchymatous cells and direct organogenesis after 20 days of culture could be observed. Buds and roots were found completely differentiated after 40 days of culture and number of shoots per explants was 30. Micorshoots were rooted in hormone - free medium and the plants obtained grew in artificial pond under green house conditions. Key words: Leaf, Histology, in vitro regeneration, Nymphoides cristatum.  DOI: 10.3126/ijls.v3i0.2370

scholarly journals Plant Regeneration through Protocorm-like Bodies Induced from Nodal Explants of Syngonium podophyllum ‘White Butterfly’

HortScience ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 43 (7) ◽  
pp. 2129-2133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jin Cui ◽  
Juanxu Liu ◽  
Min Deng ◽  
Jianjun Chen ◽  
Richard J. Henny
Keyword(s):  
Adventitious Shoots ◽  
Leaf Explants ◽  
Basal Medium ◽  
Shoot Culture ◽  
Nodal Explants ◽  
Induction Medium ◽  
Naphthalene Acetic Acid ◽  
Ex Vitro ◽  
Petiole Explants

Syngonium podophyllum ‘White Butterfly’, one of the most popular ornamental foliage plants, is propagated almost exclusively through in vitro shoot culture. Ex vitro rooting, however, has been associated with severe Myrothecium leaf spot (Myrothecium roridum Tode ex Fr.). The objective of this study was to establish a method for regenerating well-rooted plantlets before ex vitro transplanting. Leaf and petiole explants were cultured on a Murashige and Skoog (MS) basal medium supplemented with N-(2-chloro-4-pyridyl)-N′-phenylurea (CPPU), N-phenyl-N′-1,2,3-thiadiazol-5-ylurea (TDZ), 6-benzyladenine (BA), or N-isopentenylaminopurine (2iP) with α-naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) and 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D), respectively. Calli formed from leaf explants cultured on the basal medium supplemented with CPPU or TDZ with 2,4-D or with NAA as well as from petiole explants cultured on the medium supplemented with BA, CPPU, or TDZ with 2,4-D or NAA. The calli, however, failed to differentiate, and shoot organogenesis did not occur. Culture of nodal explants on the MS basal medium supplemented with 9.84 μm 2iP, 8.88 μm BA, 8.07 μm CPPU, or 9.08 μm TDZ with 2.26 μm 2,4-D resulted in the formation of protocorm-like bodies, adventitious shoots, and subsequently well-rooted plantlets. MS basal medium supplemented with 19.68 μm 2iP and 1.07 μm NAA resulted in the highest percentage (92.9%) of nodal explants producing protocorm-like bodies and an average of 16.9 well-rooted plantlets per nodal explant. Adventitious shoots were able to root in the initial induction medium, but better root development occurred after shoots with protocorm-like bodies were transferred onto MS basal medium supplemented with 9.84 μm 2iP and 2.69 μm NAA. Regenerated plantlets were stable and grew vigorously with 100% survival rates after ex vitro transplanting to a container substrate in a shaded greenhouse.

In vitro organogenesis secondary metabolite production and heavy metal analysis in Swertia chirayita

2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 686-698 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vijay Kumar ◽  
Shailesh Singh ◽  
Rajib Bandopadhyay ◽  
Madan Sharma ◽  
Sheela Chandra
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Secondary Metabolite ◽  
Leaf Explants ◽  
Secondary Metabolite Production ◽  
Direct Organogenesis ◽  
Metabolite Production ◽  
Swertia Chirayita

AbstractAn efficient protocol of plant regeneration through direct and indirect organogenesis in Swertia chirayita was developed. Explants cultured on Murashige and Skoog medium supplemented with 2,4-D (0.5 mg L−1) with combination of Kinetin (0.5 mg L−1) showed the highest frequency (84%) of callusing and 1.0mg L−1 6-benzyladenine (BA) in combination with (100 mg L−1) Adenine sulphate (Ads) + (0.1 mg L−1) Indole acetic acid (IAA) was excellent for maximum adventitious shoot (12.69 ± 1.30) formation in four week of culture. A maximum number of (7.14 ± 0.99) shoots were developed per leaf explants through direct organogenesis. The highest frequency of rooting (11.46 ± 1.56) was observed on MS medium augmented with IAA (1.0 mg L−1). Well-rooted shoots transferred to plastic pots containing a soilrite: sand mix and then moved to the greenhouse for further growth and development. Four major secondary metabolites were analyzed and quantified using high performance liquid chromatography. Amount of secondary metabolites was found significantly higher, in in vitro plantlets compared to in vivo plantlets and callus raised from S. chirayita. Higher heavy metal accumulation in in vitro as compared to in vivo plantlets correlates higher secondary metabolite production supporting that they play regulatory role in influencing the plant secondary metabolism.

scholarly journals Cytokinin-Based Tissue Cultures for Stable Medicinal Plant Production: Regeneration and Phytochemical Profiling of Salvia bulleyana Shoots

Biomolecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 1513
Author(s):  
Izabela Grzegorczyk-Karolak ◽  
Katarzyna Hnatuszko-Konka ◽  
Marta Krzemińska ◽  
Monika A. Olszewska ◽  
Aleksandra Owczarek
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plant ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
In Vitro Regeneration ◽  
Leaf Explants ◽  
Plant Production ◽  
Bioactive Metabolites ◽  
Direct Organogenesis ◽  
Genetic Profile ◽  
Adventitious Shoot Formation

Salvia bulleyana is a rare Chinese medicinal plant that due to the presence of polyphenols lowers the risk of some chronic diseases especially those related to the cardiovascular system. The present study examines the organogenic competence of various combinations and concentrations of plant growth regulators to develop an efficient protocol for in vitro regeneration of S. bulleyana via leaf explants, maintaining the high production of active constituents. The purpose of the study was also to assess the possibilities of using a cytokinin-based regeneration to effectively produce therapeutic compounds. The adventitious shoot formation was observed through direct organogenesis on media with purine derivatives (meta-topolin, mT and benzylaminopurine, BAP), and through indirect organogenesis on media with urea derivatives (tidiazuron, TDZ and forchlorfenuron, CPPU). The highest regeneration frequency (95%) with 5.2 shoots per explant was obtained on leaves cultured on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium containing 0.1 mg/L naphthalene-1-acetic acid (NAA) and 2 mg/L BAP. Following inter simple sequence repeat (ISSR) marker-based profiling, the obtained organogenic shoot lines revealed a similar banding pattern to the mother line, with total variability of 4.2–13.7%, indicating high level of genetic stability. The similar genetic profile of the studied lines translated into similar growth parameters. Moreover, HPLC analysis revealed no qualitative differences in the profile of bioactive metabolites; also, the total polyphenol content was similar for different lines, with the exception of the shoots obtained in the presence of CPPU that produced higher level of bioactive compounds. This is the first report of an effective and rapid in vitro organogenesis protocol for S. bulleyana, which can be efficiently employed for obtaining stable cultures rich in bioactive metabolites.

scholarly journals Effect of the plant growth stimulant zeatin on regeneration capacity of some Physalis species in vitro culture

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Regeneration ◽  
Leaf Explants ◽  
Plant Introduction ◽  
Ex Vitro ◽  
Regeneration Frequency ◽  
Physalis Peruviana ◽  
Effective Media ◽  
Open Ground ◽  
Growth Stimulant

The aim of the study was to find an efficient culture medium for regeneration of Physalis species in vitro to provide their further propagation ex vitro and obtain fructiferous plants from the regenerants. Physalis peruviana L., P. ixocarpa Broth. (cv. Likhtaryk), and P. pubescens L. (cv. Zarynka) were taken as plant material for the research. Plant introduction into culture and regenerant production were carried out in vitro; the rooting of mature plants and obtaining plants with ripe fruits took place in a greenhouse and in open ground (ex vitro). To obtain regenerants, we used Murashige and Skoog (MC30) medium supplemented with the growth stimulant zeatin (Zea) at a concentration of 0.5–3 mg/l. The growth stimulant 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) was used to elongate the regenerant stalks, and the growth stimulator α-naphthylacetic acid (NAA) was used to initiate root formation. Plant regeneration frequency and the number of regenerants per explant served as indicators of the efficiency of various zeatin concentrations on the physalis regenerative capacity. The most effective media for the shoot regeneration from cotyledonous leaf explants were MC30 + 1 mg/l Zea and MC30 + 2 mg/l Zea. Regeneration frequency on these media was 46.15 % and 53.84 % for P. ixocarpa (cv. Likhtaryk), 38.46 % and 45 % for P. peruviana, and 27 % and 34 % for P. pubescens (cv. Zarynka) respectively. The emerged regenerants were separated from explants and transferred to MC30 medium supplemented with 1 mg/l of BAP + 0.1 mg/l of NAA for stalk growth and rooting. After a month of cultivation, juvenile plants were obtained. They were transferred to a greenhouse for adaptation, and later to open ground at the experimental plot. Three months after the regenerant emergence, we obtained fertile plants, which bloomed and bore fruit. The regenerants for domestic varieties of P. ixocarpa (cv. Likhtaryk) and P. pubescens (cv. Zarynka) were obtained for the first time. We established a direct relationship between the concentration of zeatin and both the frequency of plant regeneration and the number of regenerants per explant.

scholarly journals Propagación in vitro de Psidium guajaba mediante organogénesis directa a partir de segmentos nodales

2007 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabiola Ocampo ◽  
Víctor Manuel Núñez
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Propagation ◽  
Woody Plant ◽  
Adventitious Shoots ◽  
Nodal Segments ◽  
Direct Organogenesis ◽  
Post Inoculation ◽  
Ex Vitro ◽  
Mass Multiplication ◽  
Woody Plant Medium

<p>Se indujeron múltiples brotes mediante organogénesis directa a partir de segmentos nodales de 10 genotipos diferentes de guayaba. Para ello se estableció un sistema de propagación clonal <em>in vitro </em>combinado con inducción rápida de brotes <em>ex vitro </em>para propagar árboles élite. La utilización de segmentos nodales permitió obtener en poco tiempo brotes adventicios adecuados para multiplicación masiva. La respuesta <em>in vitro </em>de los genotipos fue evaluada usando los medios de cultivo MS (Murashige y Skoog, 1962), Mc (Mascarenhas) y WPM (<em>Woody Plant Medium</em>) suplementados con 0,1 mg•L-1 de ácido indolácetico (AIA) y 0,25 mg•L<sup>-1</sup> de bencilaminopurina (BAP). El procedimiento de desinfección con hipoclorito de sodio previno eficientemente la contaminación de los explantes después de la inoculación en el medio de cultivo. El mayor porcentaje en la inducción de brotes se logró con 0,25 mg•L<sup>-1</sup> de BAP. Los segmentos nodales presentaron de 1 a 2 brotes adventicios por explante después de 15 días de inoculados y de 3 a 7 brotes a los 30 días después del inicio del cultivo. Una vez individualizados los brotes se usaron en una nueva fase de multiplicación masiva en la que se probaron cuatro sustratos diferentes durante el enraizamiento y el endurecimiento. Esta metodología permitió la propagación <em>in vitro </em>de guayaba cuatro semanas después del inicio del cultivo. Los mejores resultados se lograron con el medio WPM que permitió obtener las primeras plántulas enraizadas dos semanas después de la transferencia al sustrato de enraizamiento.</p><p> </p><p><strong>In vitro propagation of Psidium guajaba using direct organogenesis from nodal segments</strong></p><p>Multiple shoots were induced using direct organogenesis from nodal segments of 10 different genotypes of guayaba. For this an in vitro clonal propagation system combined with rapid ex vitro induction of shoots was established in order to propagate elite trees. The use of nodal segments resulted in adventitious shoots adequate for mass multiplication in less time. The in vitro response of the genotypes was evaluated using the culture media MS (Murashige and Skoog, 1962), Mc (Mascarenhas) and WPM (Woody Plant Medium) supplemented with 0.1 mg·L-1 of indole acetic acid (IAA) and 0.25 mg·L-1 of benzoaminopurine (BAP). The procedure for sterilizing with sodium hypochlorite effectively prevented the contamination of the explants after the inoculation of the culture medium. The greatest percentage of shoot induction was achieved with 0.25 mg·L-1 of BAP. The nodal segments showed between 1-2 adventitious shoots per explant 15 days post-inoculation and 3-7 shoots 30 days post-inoculation. Once individualized, the shoots were used in a new mass multiplication phase in which four different substrates were tested during rooting and hardening. This methodology permitted the in vitro propagation of guayaba four weeks post-inoculation. The best results were achieved with the WPM medium that resulted in the first rooted plantlets two weeks after the transfer to the rooting substrate.</p>

scholarly journals Regeneration of Blueberry Cultivars through Indirect Shoot Organogenesis

HortScience ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 53 (7) ◽  
pp. 1045-1049 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dongliang Qiu ◽  
Xiangying Wei ◽  
Shufang Fan ◽  
Dawei Jian ◽  
Jianjun Chen
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Background ◽  
Woody Plant ◽  
Shoot Organogenesis ◽  
Adventitious Shoots ◽  
Leaf Explants ◽  
Ex Vitro ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Woody Plant Medium ◽  
Cultivar Improvement

Leaf explants derived from in vitro–grown shoots of blueberry cultivars Bluejay, Pink Lemonade, Sunshine Blue, and Top Hat were cultured on woody plant medium (WPM) supplemented with 9.12 μm 6-(4-hydroxy-3-methylbut-2-enylamino) purine or zeatin (ZT) in combination with 1.23, 2.46, or 4.92 μm indole-3-butyric acid (IBA). Calluses were induced from the explants and adventitious shoots were regenerated. ‘Sunshine Blue’ and ‘Top Hat’ produced more than four shoots per explant but shoot numbers were less than one for each ‘Pink Lemonade’ explant and about 0.2 per ‘Bluejay’ explant. The results indicate that there is significant difference among cultivars in indirect shoot organogenesis. The differences may be related to their diverse genetic background as they are polyploid hybrids. Microcuttings derived from adventitious shoots of ‘Sunshine Blue’ rooted in vitro in WPM medium supplemented with 9.84 μm IBA and also rooted ex vitro in a peat-based substrate after cuttings were dipped or not dipped in IBA solutions. Direct rooting of microcuttings in the peat-based substrate was effective, suggesting that in vitro rooting may not be necessarily needed. Survival rate of ex vitro–rooted plants in a shaded greenhouse was high, more than 90%. The established shoot regeneration protocols could be used for rapid propagation of ‘Sunshine Blue’ and ‘Top Hat’ and for cultivar improvement through genetic transformation.

scholarly journals In vitro Micropropagation of Abutilon indicum L. through Leaf Explants

1970 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 177-184 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jyoti Ranjan Rout ◽  
Manorama Mishra ◽  
Ritarani Das ◽  
Santi Lata Sahoo
Keyword(s):  
Callus Induction ◽  
Leaf Explants ◽  
Shoot Formation ◽  
Plantlet Regeneration ◽  
Root Induction ◽  
Ex Vitro ◽  
In Vitro Micropropagation ◽  
Half Strength ◽  
Abutilon Indicum

The present investigation was conducted to develop a protocol for rapid callus induction and plant regeneration from leaf explant of Abutilon indicum L. Callus induction and plantlet regeneration at various frequencies were observed on MS using different concentrations of 2,4-D alone or in combination with BAP and Kn. The highest percentage of callus induction was observed with 2.5 mg/l 2,4-D (90) and with combination of 0.5 mg/l Kn (85). Optimum shoot formation was observed on same medium but supplemented with 2.0 mg/l Kn and 1.0 mg/l NAA (11.2). Rooting experiments with half strength of MS revealed that NAA was more suitable for root induction compared to IBA and IAA. The healthy in vitro rooting plantlets were successfully transferred to the field. The survival of the plantlets under ex vitro condition was 87%. Key words: Abutilon indicum, Callus induction, Leaf explants, Micropropagation D.O.I. 10.3329/ptcb.v19i2.5435 Plant Tissue Cult. & Biotech. 19(2): 177-184, 2009 (December)

scholarly journals Micropropagation of Physalis peruviana L.

2019 ◽  
Vol 49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lilian Marcia Santana Mascarenhas ◽  
José Raniere Ferreira de Santana ◽  
Alone Lima Brito
Keyword(s):  
Activated Charcoal ◽  
Leaf Explants ◽  
Cotyledonary Node ◽  
Direct Organogenesis ◽  
Indirect Organogenesis ◽  
Root Explants ◽  
Direct Production ◽  
Physalis Peruviana ◽  
Lack Of Information

ABSTRACT Physalis peruviana L. (Solanaceae) is an herbaceous fruit-bearing species that has been gaining market acceptance due to its nutritional and medicinal potential. The main limitations to its cultivation are the short reproductive cycle, the susceptibility of the fruits to pests and the lack of information about the crop management. Hence, studies are necessary to develop strategies for its propagation. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) and explants on the morphogenetic potential of P. peruviana, as well as to establish a protocol for the micropropagation of the species via direct organogenesis. To evaluate the morphogenesis, cotyledonary node, cotyledon, leaf, epicotyl, hypocotyl and root explants were inoculated in Murashige & Skoog culture medium with half the normal concentration of salts and supplemented with cytokinin BAP (0.00 µM, 2.22 µM, 4.44 µM, 6.66 µM or 8.88 µM), plus 30 g L-1 of sucrose and 7 g L-1 of agar. Aiming at a direct production of shoots, the cotyledonary node explant was submitted to 0.00 µM, 2.22 µM, 4.44 µM, 6.66 µM, 8.88 µM, 13.32 µM, 17.76 µM or 22.20 µM of BAP. The obtained shoots were tested regarding their rooting potential in media with and without the addition of activated charcoal and then were transferred for acclimatation. The cotyledonary node and leaf explants were the most efficient sources for the regeneration of shoots via direct and indirect organogenesis, respectively. The most significant results for direct shoot production were obtained with 12.50 µM of BAP. These shoots were successfully rooted in vitro in medium without activated charcoal, and the microplants acclimated in vegetable earth attained 100 % of survival after 90 days of acclimatation.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document