Emissions of carbon dioxide and methane from dairy cattle manure

Abstract There is an increasing interest in reducing production and emissions of greenhouse gases to combat global warming. Greenhouse gases can be produced through animal production operations. One of the major sources of greenhouse gases emitted from the animal farming is dairy cattle barns. This study measured the CH4 and CO2 emissions from dairy cattle manure decomposition trapped inside the static chambers through anaerobic digestion process by bacteria and at regular intervals by focusing on animal age and manure storage method. Samples were analyzed using gas chromatography for the estimation of CH4 and CO2 emissions. Four Friesian cows were used representing two stages of cow age (3 and 10 years old) and 1 kg of fresh manure samples were collected (feces and mixture of feces with urine). It was found that CH4 and CO2 emissions produced by cattle at the age of 3 years were higher than age of 10 years. In addition, gases emitted from fresh slurry feces were higher than liquid manure for both ages (3 and 10 years). This is due to the fact that the organic matter degradation in the feces and amount of fresh slurry feces is twice the amount of fresh slurry feces used in the liquid manure, as well as the organic matter in the manure mass for the age of 3 years is higher than for the age of 10 years. The findings from this study can provide information for improving manure management practices in animal farms.

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Ammonia and Greenhouse Gas Emissions of Different Types of Livestock and Poultry Manure During Storage

Transactions of the ASABE ◽

10.13031/trans.14079 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 63 (6) ◽

pp. 1723-1733

Author(s):

Zhiping Zhu ◽

Lulu Li ◽

Hongmin Dong ◽

Yue Wang

Keyword(s):

Nitrous Oxide ◽

Beef Cattle ◽

Dairy Cattle ◽

Cattle Manure ◽

N2o Emissions ◽

Emission Characteristics ◽

List Type ◽

Gas Emission ◽

Gas Emissions ◽

Manure Storage

HighlightsCarbon and nitrogen gas emissions from manure storage were influenced by manure characteristics.The main GHG contributor for dairy cattle, beef cattle, and broiler manure was methane.The main GHG contributor for laying hen manure was nitrous oxide (N2O).N2O emissions of the five types of manure were comparable with the IPCC recommended value.Abstract. Livestock manure management is an important source of greenhouse gases (GHGs) and ammonia (NH3) emissions from agriculture. Large amounts of manure are produced in China, while little research is available on the gas emission characteristics from different manure sources. The GHG and NH3 emissions from pig manure (PM), dairy cattle manure (DCM), beef cattle manure (BCM), layer manure (LM), and broiler manure (BM) during storage were monitored using the dynamic emission chamber method to compare the differences in gas emission characteristics among the five manure types and elucidate the key factors causing the differences. The results indicated that C and N gas emissions from manure storage were influenced by manure characteristics. The total CO2-eq (without CO2) emissions from PM, DCM, BCM, LM, BM were, respectively, 49.98 ±3.53, 1160.4 ±55.22, 692.16 ±42.98, 61.99 ±1.92, and 72.52 ±3.45 g per kg of dry basis manure during 77-day storage. The main GHG contributor for DCM, BCM, and BM was methane (CH4), accounting for 65% to 94%, and the main GHG contributor for LM was nitrous oxide (N2O). For PM, CH4 and N2O contributed equally to the total emissions. The N2O emissions of the five manure types were 0.002 to 0.013 kg N2O-N kg-1 N and were comparable with the IPCC recommended value. Keywords: Ammonia, Animal manure, Emission, Methane, Nitrous oxide.

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Liquid manure storage temperature is affected by storage design and management practices—A modelling assessment

Agriculture Ecosystems & Environment ◽

10.1016/j.agee.2018.03.013 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 260 ◽

pp. 47-57 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Timothy J. Rennie ◽

Robert J. Gordon ◽

Ward N. Smith ◽

Andrew C. VanderZaag

Keyword(s):

Management Practices ◽

Storage Temperature ◽

Liquid Manure ◽

Manure Storage

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Influence of Addition of Waste Cooking Oil on the Organic Matter Decomposition in Dairy Cattle Manure Compost

Nihon Chikusan Gakkaiho ◽

10.2508/chikusan.77.433 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 77 (3) ◽

pp. 433-442 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Masahiro TAKAHASHI

Keyword(s):

Organic Matter ◽

Dairy Cattle ◽

Waste Cooking Oil ◽

Organic Matter Decomposition ◽

Cattle Manure ◽

Cooking Oil ◽

Manure Compost ◽

Cattle Manure Compost

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Composition of Whole and Water-Extractable Organic Matter of Cattle Manure Affected by Management Practices

Labile Organic Matter-Chemical Compositions, Function, and Significance in Soil and the Environment - SSSA Special Publications ◽

10.2136/sssaspecpub62.2014.0034 ◽

2015 ◽

pp. 41-60 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Zhongqi He ◽

Heidi M. Waldrip

Keyword(s):

Organic Matter ◽

Management Practices ◽

Cattle Manure ◽

Extractable Organic Matter ◽

Water Extractable

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CH4 fluxes from a soil amended with dairy cattle manure and ammonium nitrate

Canadian Journal of Soil Science ◽

10.4141/s96-108 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 77 (2) ◽

pp. 179-186 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

R. Lessard ◽

P. Rochette ◽

E. G. Gregorich ◽

R. L. Desjardins ◽

E. Pattey

Keyword(s):

Dairy Cattle ◽

Greenhouse Gases ◽

Ammonium Nitrate ◽

Soil Surface ◽

N Fertilization ◽

Cattle Manure ◽

Mineral N ◽

Organic C ◽

Nitrate Treatment ◽

Methane Fluxes

Dairy cows and heifers in Québec and Ontario produce 19 Mt of manure annually. Most of this manure is applied to soils and may influence the atmospheric loading of greenhouse gases such as CH4 In this study, soil surface CH4 fluxes were measured 36 times during the snow-free season of 1993, and 28 times in 1994, on plots fertilized with organic or inorganic-N. In 1993, stockpiled dairy cattle manure was applied at rates of 0, 56 and 112 Mg ha−1 In 1994, the treatments were: zero N, 100 Mg ha−1 of stockpiled dairy cattle manure, 100 Mg ha−1 of composted dairy cattle manure and 200 kg N ha−1 as ammonium nitrate. Methane fluxes (−0.012 to 0.004 mg m−2 h−1) were usually higher (less negative) on manured than on unmanured plots, but the differences were not statistically significant. No significant effect of mineral-N fertilization was observed as the ammonium nitrate treatment showed uptake rates similar to those of the control. In 1993, episodic above-ambient CH4 concentrations were measured at 0.15 m (8 ppmv) and 0.05 m (2.7 ppmv) using stationary air probes, but were not associated with significant CH4 emissions at the soil surface. This observation suggested that CH4 produced in the soil was oxidized by methane-consuming organisms as it diffused towards the surface. Methane concentrations in soil air were higher in manured than in unmanured plots during most of the 1994 snow-free season, but were similar late in the season when soluble organic C concentrations in the manured plots returned to levels measured in the control plots early in the season. The results of this study indicate that the application of quantities up to 100 Mg ha−1 of dairy cattle manure to a soil under maize is not likely to have a large impact on the net exchange of CH4 between the soil and the atmosphere in central Canada. Key words: Methane, greenhouse gases

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Effect of dietary fiber on phosphorus distribution in fresh and stored liquid hog manure

Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering ◽

10.1139/cjce-2012-0418 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 40 (9) ◽

pp. 869-874 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Q. Huang ◽

J. Ackerman ◽

N. Cicek

Keyword(s):

Dietary Fiber ◽

Storage Tanks ◽

Liquid Manure ◽

Inorganic P ◽

Fresh Manure ◽

Fiber Diet ◽

Hog Manure ◽

Manure Storage ◽

P Distribution ◽

Total P

Diet manipulation is a promising way for reducing phosphorus (P) content in manure and subsequently in surface water. The objective of this study is to clarify the effects of dietary fiber content on P distribution in fresh and stored liquid hog manure. Ten, 25 L liquid manure storage tanks were constructed and operated to simulate farm-based manure storage lagoons. Fifteen pigs were randomly grouped into three pens and the pigs in each pen were fed with a diet of different fiber contents (12%, 16%, and 21%). For 20 weeks, one litre of liquid manure from each pen was fed to each storage tank once a week with 3 replicate storage tanks per diet treatment. The samples of fresh and stored manure, each representing a diet treatment, were analyzed for P distribution along the fractions of dissolved organic, dissolved inorganic, particulate organic, and particulate inorganic. The results showed that fresh manure derived from the high fiber diet contained lower total P concentrations. Of the four fractions of total P, particulate organic P and particulate inorganic P composed 95.3% to 97.5% of total P in the fresh manure. After storage, the dissolved P concentration increased from around 25 ppm to 30–60 ppm. Inorganic P was the main fraction in dissolved P and composed 80% of the dissolved P in stored manure. The dissolved inorganic P, and therefore the total dissolved P were speculated to increase with manure storage time, indicating microbial activity through digestion. It was concluded that a higher fiber diet yielding manure with higher fiber content resulted in enhanced anaerobic degradation during manure storage. This, in return might promote the destruction of organic materials, resulting in the release of P and subsequent formation of inorganic dissolved P.

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The Soil Organic Matter in Connection with Soil Properties and Soil Inputs

Agronomy ◽

10.3390/agronomy11040779 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (4) ◽

pp. 779

Author(s):

Václav Voltr ◽

Ladislav Menšík ◽

Lukáš Hlisnikovský ◽

Martin Hruška ◽

Eduard Pokorný ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Organic Matter ◽

Soil Organic Matter ◽

Soil Texture ◽

Management Practices ◽

Soil Depth ◽

Operating Conditions ◽

Hot Water ◽

Natural Soil ◽

Soil Productivity ◽

Linear Regression Models

The content of organic matter in the soil, its labile (hot water extractable carbon–HWEC) and stable (soil organic carbon–SOC) form is a fundamental factor affecting soil productivity and health. The current research in soil organic matter (SOM) is focused on individual fragmented approaches and comprehensive evaluation of HWEC and SOC changes. The present state of the soil together with soil’s management practices are usually monitoring today but there has not been any common model for both that has been published. Our approach should help to assess the changes in HWEC and SOC content depending on the physico-chemical properties and soil´s management practices (e.g., digestate application, livestock and mineral fertilisers, post-harvest residues, etc.). The one- and multidimensional linear regressions were used. Data were obtained from the various soil´s climatic conditions (68 localities) of the Czech Republic. The Czech farms in operating conditions were observed during the period 2008–2018. The obtained results of ll monitored experimental sites showed increasing in the SOC content, while the HWEC content has decreased. Furthermore, a decline in pH and soil´s saturation was documented by regression modelling. Mainly digestate application was responsible for this negative consequence across all soils in studied climatic regions. The multivariate linear regression models (MLR) also showed that HWEC content is significantly affected by natural soil fertility (soil type), phosphorus content (−30%), digestate application (+29%), saturation of the soil sorption complex (SEBCT, 21%) and the dose of total nitrogen (N) applied into the soil (−20%). Here we report that the labile forms (HWEC) are affected by the application of digestate (15%), the soil saturation (37%), the application of mineral potassium (−7%), soil pH (−14%) and the overall condition of the soil (−27%). The stable components (SOM) are affected by the content of HWEC (17%), soil texture 0.01–0.001mm (10%), and input of organic matter and nutrients from animal production (10%). Results also showed that the mineral fertilization has a negative effect (−14%), together with the soil depth (−11%), and the soil texture 0.25–2 mm (−21%) on SOM. Using modern statistical procedures (MRLs) it was confirmed that SOM plays an important role in maintaining resp. improving soil physical, biochemical and biological properties, which is particularly important to ensure the productivity of agroecosystems (soil quality and health) and to future food security.

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