scholarly journals Nutrient Distribution in Eastern Indonesian Waters

2021 ◽  
Vol 934 (1) ◽  
pp. 012052
Author(s):  
H Meirinawati ◽  
H B Prayitno ◽  
A J Wahyudi
Keyword(s):  
Vertical Distribution ◽  
Deep Sea ◽  
Basic Component ◽  
Nitrite Concentration ◽  
Nutrient Distribution ◽  
Marine Food Web ◽  
Phosphate Nitrate ◽  
Marine Food ◽  
The Vertical Distribution ◽  
Horizontal And Vertical Distribution

Abstract Nutrients are needed for the growth of phytoplankton as a basic component in the marine food web. The concentration of nutrients in waters relates to primary productivity and it will influence fisheries stocks. So far, research on nutrients in the deep sea is rarely carried out in Indonesia. This study aims to determine water quality, horizontal and vertical distribution of nutrients in eastern Indonesian waters, which can be used as baseline data for deep-sea nutrients in Indonesia. The study was conducted from October 29 to November 15, 2017. Sampling was carried out in 20 stations with seven layers. Nutrient measurements were conducted based on Strickland and Parsons (1972). Our results showed that the concentrations of phosphate, nitrate, nitrite, ammonium, and silicate ranged from 0.000-0.060 mg/l, 0.001-0.321 mg/l, 0.000-0.009 mg/l, 0.004-0.024 mg/l and 0.085-1.090 mg/l, respectively. In general, the highest concentration of nutrients was found in Maluku Sea. The vertical distribution of nitrate, phosphate, and silicate shows that the increasing concentrations as increasing depth, except for nitrite and ammonium. The maximum nitrite concentration appears in the northern area, while the ammonium distribution has homogenous pattern.

scholarly journals Distribution of epipelagic metazooplankton across the Mediterranean Sea during the summer BOUM cruise

2011 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. 2159-2177 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Nowaczyk ◽  
F. Carlotti ◽  
D. Thibault-Botha ◽  
M. Pagano
Keyword(s):  
Vertical Distribution ◽  
Mediterranean Sea ◽  
Mesh Size ◽  
Strongly Correlated ◽  
Deep Chlorophyll Maximum ◽  
Specific Distribution ◽  
Order Of Magnitude ◽  
The Mediterranean ◽  
The Vertical Distribution ◽  
Horizontal And Vertical Distribution

Abstract. The diversity and distribution of epipelagic metazooplankton across the Mediterranean Sea was studied along a 3000 km long transect from the eastern to the western basins during the BOUM cruise in summer 2008. Metazooplankton were sampled using both a 120 μm mesh size bongo net and Niskin bottles in the upper 200 m layer at 17 stations. Here we report on the stock, the composition and the structure of the metazooplankton community. The abundance was 4 to 8 times higher than in several previously published studies, whereas the biomass remained within the same order of magnitude. An eastward decrease in abundance was evident, although biomass was variable. Spatial (horizontal and vertical) distribution of metazooplankton abundance and biomass was strongly correlated to chlorophyll-a concentration. In addition, a clear association was observed between the vertical distribution of nauplii and small copepods and the depth of the deep chlorophyll maximum. The distinction between the communities of the eastern and western basins was clearly explained by the environmental factors. The specific distribution pattern of remarkable species was also described.

scholarly journals Vertical distribution of chlorophyll in dynamically distinct regions of the southern Bay of Bengal

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (7) ◽  
pp. 1447-1468 ◽  
Author(s):  
Venugopal Thushara ◽  
Puthenveettil Narayana Menon Vinayachandran ◽  
Adrian J. Matthews ◽  
Benjamin G. M. Webber ◽  
Bastien Y. Queste
Keyword(s):  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Vertical Distribution ◽  
Bay Of Bengal ◽  
Dominant Role ◽  
Active Regions ◽  
Ecosystem Model ◽  
Ocean Dynamics ◽  
Nutrient Distribution ◽  
Enhanced Surface ◽  
The Vertical Distribution

Abstract. The Bay of Bengal (BoB) generally exhibits surface oligotrophy due to nutrient limitation induced by strong salinity stratification. Nevertheless, there are hotspots of high chlorophyll in the BoB where the monsoonal forcings are strong enough to break the stratification; one such region is the southern BoB, east of Sri Lanka. A recent field programme conducted during the summer monsoon of 2016, as a part of the Bay of Bengal Boundary Layer Experiment (BoBBLE), provides a unique high-resolution dataset of the vertical distribution of chlorophyll in the southern BoB using ocean gliders along with shipboard conductivity–temperature–depth (CTD) measurements. Observations were carried out for a duration of 12–20 days, covering the dynamically active regions of the Sri Lanka Dome (SLD) and the Southwest Monsoon Current (SMC). Mixing and upwelling induced by the monsoonal wind forcing enhanced surface chlorophyll concentrations (0.3–0.7 mg m−3). Prominent deep chlorophyll maxima (DCM; 0.3–1.2 mg m−3) existed at intermediate depths (20–50 m), signifying the contribution of subsurface productivity to the biological carbon cycling in the BoB. The shape of chlorophyll profiles varied in different dynamical regimes; upwelling was associated with sharp and intense DCM, whereas mixing resulted in a diffuse and weaker DCM. Within the SLD, open-ocean Ekman suction favoured a substantial increase in chlorophyll. Farther east, where the thermocline was deeper, enhanced surface chlorophyll was associated with intermittent mixing events. Remote forcing by the westward propagating Rossby waves influenced the upper-ocean dynamics and chlorophyll distribution in the southern BoB. Stabilizing surface freshening events and barrier-layer formation often inhibited the generation of surface chlorophyll. The pathway of the SMC intrusion was marked by a distinct band of chlorophyll, indicating the advective effect of biologically rich Arabian Sea waters. The region of the monsoon current exhibited the strongest DCM as well as the highest column-integrated chlorophyll. Observations suggest that the persistence of DCM in the southern BoB is promoted by surface oligotrophy and shallow mixed layers. Results from a coupled physical–ecosystem model substantiate the dominant role of mixed layer processes associated with the monsoon in controlling the nutrient distribution and biological productivity in the southern BoB. The present study provides new insights into the vertical distribution of chlorophyll in the BoB, emphasizing the need for extensive in situ sampling and ecosystem model-based efforts for a better understanding of the biophysical interactions and the potential climatic feedbacks.

scholarly journals The Horizontal and Vertical Distribution of Deep-Sea Sediments Fungal Community in the South China Sea

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Feng ◽  
Qianqian Song ◽  
Qun Jiang ◽  
Zhiyong Li
Keyword(s):  
South China Sea ◽  
Vertical Distribution ◽  
South China ◽  
Fungal Community ◽  
Deep Sea ◽  
The South China Sea ◽  
The South ◽  
China Sea ◽  
Deep Sea Sediments ◽  
Horizontal And Vertical Distribution

Although diverse fungi have been found in the deep-sea habitats, the space distribution of fungi has not been well characterized. In this study, the fungal horizontal and vertical distribution of the deep-sea sediments, four locations, three depths each, in the South China Sea, were compared using ITS2 high-throughput sequencing. It was revealed that the South China Sea deep-sea sediments harbor diverse marine fungi, including 82.39% Ascomycota, 8.10% Basidiomycota, 0.55% Zygomycota and 8.96% unknown fungi. The results indicate that fungal community structure is not uniform among the different sediment habitats. Though surface sediments have similar fungal diversity across the 4 locations, the fungal abundance and diversity increase with the depth of the sediments from 0 to 2 m, and 1 and 2 m deep sediments show obvious location-dependent fungal community structure. This is the first time to compare the horizontal and vertical distribution of fungal community among different deep-sea sediments in the South China Sea by high-throughput sequencing, providing novel insights into the space distribution characteristics of deep-sea sediments fungi.

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