scholarly journals Building-Information-Modelling-Based Thermal-Energy Performance Evaluation of Silica-Aerogel-Incorporated Rigid Board Roof Insulation Material for Residential Buildings in the Tropical Climate of Malaysia

2021 ◽  
Vol 945 (1) ◽  
pp. 012066
Author(s):  
Nadzhratul Husna ◽  
Syed Ahmad Farhan ◽  
Mohamed Mubarak Abdul Wahab ◽  
Nasir Shafiq ◽  
Muhammad Taufiq Sharif ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Conductivity ◽  
Thermal Comfort ◽  
Thermal Energy ◽  
Silica Aerogel ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Energy Performance ◽  
Insulation Material ◽  
Building Information Modelling ◽  
Indoor Thermal Comfort ◽  
Building Information

Abstract Malaysia is located in the equator, with a hot and humid climate. The highest temperature recorded during the day was 39 °C, which leads to discomfort among building occupants, in particular, residential buildings, where indoor thermal comfort is of a higher priority compared to other types of buildings. Hence, the thermal performance of the residential roof assembly needs to be improved to lower the indoor temperature and, accordingly, maintain the level of indoor thermal comfort. In view of the need to improve the thermal performance, a silica-aerogel-incorporated rigid board roof insulation material for residential buildings was developed using kapok fibre, high density polyethylene (HDPE) and silica aerogel. The thermal conductivity of the material was measured. The sample with 4 wt. % and 5 wt. % of silica aerogel content obtained the lowest thermal conductivity of 0.04 W/mK. Silica aerogel content of above 4 wt. % did not result in further reduction of the thermal conductivity. Therefore, it can be concluded that the optimum silica aerogel content for the sample was 4 wt. %. Building-Information-Modelling (BIM)based thermal-energy performance evaluation of the material was performed by generating temperature and cooling load data using Integrated Environmental Solution-Virtual Environment to validate the thermal-energy performance of the material, by installing the material within the roof assembly of a residential BIM. Findings indicate that the material can potentially be employed in the future as a roof insulation material to maintain the level of indoor thermal comfort among residential building occupants.

scholarly journals Effect of insulation on indoor thermal comfort in a detached house with a floor heating system

2019 ◽  
Vol 111 ◽  
pp. 02049 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qianwen Guo ◽  
Ryozo Ooka ◽  
Wonseok Oh ◽  
Wonjun Choi ◽  
Doyun Lee
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Comfort ◽  
Thermal Insulation ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Insulation Material ◽  
Indoor Thermal Comfort ◽  
Detached House ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Floor Heating ◽  
Floor Temperature

Appropriate insulation materials, with unique physical properties and of moderate thickness, are essential for energy savings in residential buildings. However, the impact of thermal insulation on indoor thermal comfort with floor heating systems has not been studied extensively. In this study, simulations of a typical Japanese detached house were conducted with four different thicknesses of insulation material in the walls, ceiling, and floor to estimate the mean air temperature (MAT), mean radiant temperature (MRT), floor temperature, predicted mean vote (PMV) and predicted percentage of dissatisfied (PPD). The results showed that increasing the thickness of thermal insulation increased the MAT and MRT by 1.4 – 4.0 ℃ and 1.3 – 4.4 ℃, respectively. Moreover, as the thickness of the thermal insulation increased, the floor temperature rose and exhibited smaller fluctuations. Finally, it was found that increasing the thickness of thermal insulation improved the indoor thermal comfort environment, as evidenced by an increase in the PMV from –1.0 to 0.3, and a decrease in the PPD from 25.1% to 9.5%.

scholarly journals Thermal-Energy Performance of High-Albedo Roof Tiles and Bulk Rafter Insulation in Residential Roof in the Tropical Climate

2021 ◽  
Vol 945 (1) ◽  
pp. 012067
Author(s):  
Syed Ahmad Farhan ◽  
Nasir Shafiq ◽  
Nadzhratul Husna ◽  
Azni Zain-Ahmed ◽  
Mohamed Mubarak Abdul Wahab ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Thermal Energy ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Energy Performance ◽  
Building Envelope ◽  
High Position ◽  
Horizontal Orientation ◽  
Building Information ◽  
Intense Solar Radiation

Abstract Residential roof assemblies in tropical countries, such as Malaysia, are exposed to intense solar radiation throughout the day all-year round due to the high altitude of the sun path as well as the horizontal orientation and high position of the roof in relation to other components of the building envelope. Residential buildings typically employ a lightweight pitched roof with roof tiles and an attic space above a ceiling board. Diurnal heat transfer into the building through the roof assembly can be minimized by reflecting heat at the roof surface via the application of white paint on high-albedo roof tiles as well as resisting heat via installation of bulk rafter insulation within the roof assembly. However, their adoption will have an influence on the nocturnal heat transfer and, accordingly, the resultant thermal-energy performance. Hence, thermal-energy performances of high-albedo roof tiles and bulk rafter insulation were compared to develop an energy-efficient pitched residential roof assembly that is capable of minimizing diurnal heat transfer into the building with less obstruction of the nocturnal heat transfer in the opposite direction. Evaluation of thermal-energy performance was performed on a Building Information Model, which either adopts, solely, the application of white paint on high-albedo roof tiles, or, in amalgamation with, the installation of bulk rafter insulation within the roof assembly. The simulation projected that the application of white paint on high-albedo roof tiles can generate annual energy savings of 13.14 % and, when adopted in amalgamation with the installation of bulk rafter insulation within the roof assembly, 13.91 %.

scholarly journals Testing a Gypsum Composite Based on Raw Gypsum with a Direct Admixture of Paraffin and Polymer to Improve Thermal Properties

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (12) ◽  
pp. 3241
Author(s):  
Krzysztof Powała ◽  
Andrzej Obraniak ◽  
Dariusz Heim
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Conductivity ◽  
Heat Capacity ◽  
Thermal Properties ◽  
Phase Change ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Energy Performance ◽  
Polymer Content ◽  
Volumetric Heat Capacity

The implemented new legal regulations regarding thermal comfort, the energy performance of residential buildings, and proecological requirements require the design of new building materials, the use of which will improve the thermal efficiency of newly built and renovated buildings. Therefore, many companies producing building materials strive to improve the properties of their products by reducing the weight of the materials, increasing their mechanical properties, and improving their insulating properties. Currently, there are solutions in phase-change materials (PCM) production technology, such as microencapsulation, but its application on a large scale is extremely costly. This paper presents a solution to the abovementioned problem through the creation and testing of a composite, i.e., a new mixture of gypsum, paraffin, and polymer, which can be used in the production of plasterboard. The presented solution uses a material (PCM) which improves the thermal properties of the composite by taking advantage of the phase-change phenomenon. The study analyzes the influence of polymer content in the total mass of a composite in relation to its thermal conductivity, volumetric heat capacity, and diffusivity. Based on the results contained in this article, the best solution appears to be a mixture with 0.1% polymer content. It is definitely visible in the tests which use drying, hardening time, and paraffin absorption. It differs slightly from the best result in the thermal conductivity test, while it is comparable in terms of volumetric heat capacity and differs slightly from the best result in the thermal diffusivity test.

Studies on Thermal Property of Silica Aerogel/Epoxy Composite

2007 ◽  
Vol 546-549 ◽  
pp. 1581-1584 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiu Peng Zhao ◽  
Deng Teng Ge ◽  
Sai Lei Zhang ◽  
Xi Long Wei
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Conductivity ◽  
Thermal Property ◽  
Epoxy Resin ◽  
Silica Aerogel ◽  
Epoxy Composite ◽  
Transfer Model ◽  
Insulation Material ◽  
Thermal Transfer ◽  
Heat Distortion Temperature ◽  
Ft Ir

Silica aerogel/epoxy composite, a kind of efficient thermal insulation material, was prepared by doping silica aerogel of different sizes into epoxy resin through thermocuring process. The results of thermal experiments showed that silica aerogel/epoxy composite had a lower thermal conductivity (0.105W/(m·k) at 60 wt% silica aerogel) and higher serviceability temperature (Martens heat distortion temperature: 160°C at 20 wt% silica aerogel). In addition, the composite doping larger size (0.2-2mm) of silica aerogel particle had lower thermal conductivity and higher Martens heat distortion temperature. Based on the results of SEM and FT-IR, the thermal transfer model was established. Thermal transfer mechanism and the reasons of higher Martens heat distortion temperature have been discussed respectively.

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