detached house
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2022 ◽  
Vol 308 ◽  
pp. 118370
Author(s):  
Ellen Nordgård-Hansen ◽  
Nand Kishor ◽  
Kirsti Midttømme ◽  
Vetle Kjær Risinggård ◽  
Jan Kocbach

Author(s):  
Jenan Abu qadourah ◽  
Ala’a Al-Falahat ◽  
Saad Alrwashdeh

This paper evaluates and compares the embodied energy and embodied carbon using a Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) approach for three different intermediate floor structures, all of which use prefabricated materials—cross-laminated timber (CLT), precast hollow-core concrete, and solid concrete—to decide which floor construction materials have less environmental impact for use in the construction of a semi-detached house in the UK. The Inventory of Carbon & Energy (ICE) and the Carbon Calculator tool were used to calculate the carbon footprint from “cradle to grave” to determine whether the use of a CLT solution provides improved environmental performance over the traditional concrete solutions. The carbon footprint results indicate that the use of a hollow-core precast concrete floor system emits less carbon than the other two systems, although the concrete requires more fossil fuel input than the timber during the manufacturing process, so based on this, the footprint from cradle to gate for the timber was expected to be the less than that of the concrete. However, the results show the opposite; this is because of the differences in the material quantities needed in each system.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Annabel Fraser

<p>New Zealanders continue to resist higher density housing as a way of living. The detached house in the suburbs remains the preferred housing choice for most.  This proposal addresses the key attributes required for higher density living adoption as identified by the Centre for Housing Research, Aotearoa New Zealand (2011). Furthermore, this central Wellington proposal includes additional design features that increase the desirability of this type of housing to the suburban market.  Combined, these and other drivers create a new typology of higher density housing in which vertical and other garden types bring a verdant living option to inner city Wellington.  Key considerations include creating high levels of amenity: gardens, solar access and privacy to produce a vertical neighbourhood that balances collective and private amenity.  The proposal provides three housing typologies (maisonettes, terraces, park houses) to accommodate household diversity to target various stages of the family cycle.   This inner city proposal also demonstrates how public amenity access can be used to offset the (perceived) loss of amenity when moving from the suburbs. By drawing from the public amenity-rich city, the need for private amenities is minimised. Furthermore, just as the surrounding city contributes amenity to these dwellings, this proposal illustrates that this kind of development can in turn contribute back to the city.</p>


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Annabel Fraser

<p>New Zealanders continue to resist higher density housing as a way of living. The detached house in the suburbs remains the preferred housing choice for most.  This proposal addresses the key attributes required for higher density living adoption as identified by the Centre for Housing Research, Aotearoa New Zealand (2011). Furthermore, this central Wellington proposal includes additional design features that increase the desirability of this type of housing to the suburban market.  Combined, these and other drivers create a new typology of higher density housing in which vertical and other garden types bring a verdant living option to inner city Wellington.  Key considerations include creating high levels of amenity: gardens, solar access and privacy to produce a vertical neighbourhood that balances collective and private amenity.  The proposal provides three housing typologies (maisonettes, terraces, park houses) to accommodate household diversity to target various stages of the family cycle.   This inner city proposal also demonstrates how public amenity access can be used to offset the (perceived) loss of amenity when moving from the suburbs. By drawing from the public amenity-rich city, the need for private amenities is minimised. Furthermore, just as the surrounding city contributes amenity to these dwellings, this proposal illustrates that this kind of development can in turn contribute back to the city.</p>


2021 ◽  
Vol 1203 (2) ◽  
pp. 022028
Author(s):  
Gabriela Kocourkova ◽  
Lucie Vankova ◽  
Zdenek Krejza

Abstract The article deals with the ecological impacts during a detached house construction and looks for the optimal way of its financing. The aim of the article is to evaluate how much the house construction costs would increase in the case of the use of materials, which production generates smaller volume of negative emissions. The issue of the environment in relation to ecological construction has been widely discussed in recent years. The construction industry burdens the environment already by the production of building materials, extraction of raw materials, energy consumption, through designing activities and construction itself, to the phase of the building use and its eventual liquidation. There are six basic requirements for building materials used in construction, which are required for the quality environmentally friendly construction: the statics and stability of buildings must be provided, noise protection, fire safety, hygienic safety and reduced environmental impact must be met, buildings must provide safe use and well-being, and last but not least energy efficiency. Already in the structure construction phase, it is necessary to consider the appropriate selection of building materials, for which it is necessary to take into account ecological criteria. Appropriate selection of building materials results in a positive effect on the environment. When optimizing the total cost of building a detached house from an ecological point of view, the procedure consists in replacing the most cost-effective items in the construction budget by alternative materials with regard to ecology. When choosing alternative materials, maintaining the standard of the brick building and the aesthetic character of the house are taken into account. When comparing the budgets of both variants, it was found out that a detached house built using alternative, more environmentally friendly materials, resulted more expensive. However, the price difference is slight. Own housing can be financed in several ways. One option is to use your resources. However, this method is currently unrealistic for most people, and therefore they often choose the option of combining their resources with external sources. The most commonly used products for housing financing are building savings loans and mortgage loans. Another possibility is to use subsidy programmes for housing to finance the house, which are often focused on supporting ecological construction and housing.


2021 ◽  
Vol 2069 (1) ◽  
pp. 012180
Author(s):  
B H Høegh ◽  
T Hansen ◽  
S Clausen

Abstract To ensure a healthy indoor environment, the indoor air level of the radioactive gas radon must be kept low according to the WHO. This can be achieved by installing a radon sub-slab suction system. In buildings with a basement at the same time a sub-slab drainage system is often necessary. This paper describes results from a project, aiming to combine a radon sub-slab suction system with a sub-slab drainage system. A combined system will minimize the number of pipes when constructing new buildings and will also provide an easier retrofitting method for adding a radon sub-slab suction system to buildings with an existing sub-slab drainage system. In the project, it was found that the combination of the two functionalities required an airtight system to lower the pressure under the ground slab, an unhampered drainage of ground water and a prevention of odour from the drains. To meet these requirements, a prototype of a well with a water trap, a water outlet and a separate suction pipe for the air outlet was developed. A low voltage fan was installed in the suction pipe. The system was installed in a detached house with a 104 m2 basement. After installation, the pressure reduction over the ground slab in the basement was measured to be able to investigate the effect of the suction system independently of the radon exposure. The results showed a reduction of the pressure in the farthest corners under the ground slab by approximately 0.6 to 1.9 Pa compared to the pressure over the ground slab. We concluded that a combined radon sub-slab suction and sub-slab drainage system is possible with the designed well, although the use of a stronger fan will be necessary to meet the identified test objective of pressure reduction ΔP ≥ 1-3 Pa.


Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (21) ◽  
pp. 7034
Author(s):  
Hiroki Ikeda ◽  
Yasushi Ooi ◽  
Takashi Nakaya

A good thermal environment is important in a place where occupants stay for a long time. Since heating a house consumes a lot of energy, an energy-efficient heating method will be required. Then, by combining a heat pump and underfloor heating, there is a possibility that both thermal comfort and energy saving can be achieved. The survey was conducted on a detached house located in Nagano Prefecture, Japan. The average outside air temperature was 4.2 °C. This study investigated the indoor thermal environment, evaluated the operating performance of the heat pump, and calculated the heat load by two-dimensional analysis. More than 80% of the subjects were satisfied with the thermal environment and the neutral temperature was 18.9 °C. In the operation of the heat pump, defrost operation was confirmed, but the average COP was 2.9, and it operated efficiently. In addition, the heat loss from the foundation slab was examined. Proper insulation placement has shown the potential to reduce heat loss. In conclusion, the use of heat pumps as a heat source has been shown to be efficient even in cold climates, and this study supports the construction of new heating methods.


Author(s):  
Bumjoon Kang ◽  
Jaewoong Won ◽  
Eun Jung Kim

In the early stage of the COVID-19 pandemic in South Korea, public fear or social scaring of urban living was observed, which caused people to change their daily routines. This study examines how the COVID-19 pandemic affected residential choice and perceptions of urban living. We analyzed self-reported survey data collected from 2000 participants in Seoul, Daegu, and Kyeongbuk in South Korea between 3–6 August 2020, targeting the relatively controlled period after the first COVID-19 outbreak. Logistic regression models were used to examine concerns of urban living and residence relocation consideration. Those who were aged 30 or older, regularly commuting, not feeling healthy, with a household size of two, and living in a low-rise condominium were more likely to be concerned with urban living. Those who were aged 40 or older and living in a townhouse or a single-detached house were more likely to consider moving to a less dense area. People perceived that their daily routine changed substantially after the pandemic. Certain participant groups showed concerns of urban living and relocation consideration, suggesting housing policy implications.


Author(s):  
Murat Cagri Uludas ◽  
Muslum Arici ◽  
Ekrem Tuncbilek ◽  
Cagatay Yildiz

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