Assessing the dose rate delivery of helical TomoTherapy prostate and head & neck treatments

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Panagiotis Kouris ◽  
Argyris Moutsatsos ◽  
Eleftherios P Pappas ◽  
Ivelina Beli ◽  
Panagiotis Pantelakos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dose Rate ◽  
Helical Tomotherapy ◽  
Treatment Time ◽  
Anatomical Site ◽  
Dose Rates ◽  
Total Treatment Time ◽  
Total Treatment ◽  
Treatment Data ◽  
Target Volumes

Abstract The dose rate distributions delivered to 55 prostate and head & neck (H&N) cancer patients treated with a helical TomoTherapy (HT) system were resolved and assessed with regard to pitch and field width defined during treatment planning. Statistical analysis of the studied cases showed that the median treatment delivery time was 4.4 min and 6.3 min for the prostate and H&N cases, respectively. Dose rate volume histogram data for the studied cases showed that the 25% and 12% of the volume of the planning target volumes of the prostate and H&N cases are irradiated with a dose rate of greater or equal to 1 Gy/min. Quartile dose rate (QDR) data confirmed that in HT, where the target is irradiated in slices, most of the dose is delivered to each voxel of the target when it travels within the beam. Analysis of the planning data from all cases showed that this lasts for 68 s (median value). QDRs results showed that using the 2.5 cm field width, 75% of the prescribed dose is delivered to target voxels with a median dose rate of at least 3.2 Gy/min and 4.5 Gy/min, for the prostate and H&N cases, respectively. Systematically higher dose rates were observed for the H&N cases due to the shallower depths of the lesions in this anatomical site. Delivered dose rates were also found to increase with field width and pitch setting, due to the higher output of the system which, in general, results in accordingly decreased total treatment time. The biological effect of the dose rate findings of this work needs to be further investigated using in-vitro studies and clinical treatment data.

scholarly journals A Case of Pacemaker Endocarditis Caused by Aerococcus urinae

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra Samuelsson ◽  
Charles Kennergren ◽  
Magnus Rasmussen
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Time ◽  
Urinary Bladder Cancer ◽  
Penicillin G ◽  
Case Presentation ◽  
Urinary Tract Disorders ◽  
Total Treatment Time ◽  
Aerococcus Urinae ◽  
Total Treatment ◽  
Older Males

Background. Aerococcus urinae has lately been acknowledged as a cause of infective endocarditis (IE) especially in older males with underlying urinary tract disorders. In this population, cardiac implanted electronical devices (CIED) are not uncommon, but despite the capacity of A. urinae to form biofilm in vitro, no cases of aerococcal CIED infections have been reported to date. Case Presentation. An 84-year-old male with pacemaker was admitted with dysuria one month after a transurethral procedure for urinary bladder cancer. A. urinae was isolated from urine and blood. Transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) was without signs of vegetation on valves or pacing cables. The patient was treated with a twelve-day course of β-lactam antibiotics. Forty days after the initial admission, the patient was readmitted due to malaise, general pain of the joints, chills, and renewed blood cultures grew A. urinae. TEE demonstrated a 10 × 5 mm vegetation on either the tricuspid valve or one of the pacing cables. The pacemaker system was completely removed and demonstrated macroscopic signs of infection. A temporary system was implanted, and after 14 days of penicillin G treatment, a new system permanent system was implanted. Total treatment time was 40 days. Recovery was uneventful. Conclusion. This report demonstrates that A. urinae can cause CIED infection. In patients with A. urinae bacteremia and a CIED, this risk must be considered, especially if bacteremia reoccurs.

Vital Tooth Whitening Techniques. A literature Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 02 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pia Chatterjee Kirk
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Treatment Time ◽  
Tooth Bleaching ◽  
Tooth Whitening ◽  
Easy Method ◽  
Tooth Structure ◽  
Dental Esthetics ◽  
Total Treatment Time ◽  
Restorative Materials ◽  
Total Treatment

Background: Vital tooth whitening has become an integral part of esthetic dentistry and remains one of the safest and most economic options today to improve dental esthetics without removing tooth structure. The tooth whitening materials have evolved into three categories: dentist-prescribed/dispensed (in office and patient home-use), and over-thecounter purchased and applied by patients. Objective: This review outlines the latest advances in dentist prescribed vital teeth whitening techniques, effects on tooth structure, soft tissues, and dental restoratives. Areas requiring additional research are also discussed. Methods: Electronic and manual literature search was conducted for key words such as tooth bleaching, and dental bleaching techniques using PubMed/MEDLINE, followed by manual selection of the studies that included whitening procedures in vital teeth. Results: The two main whitening agents are carbamide peroxide (CP) and hydrogen peroxide (HP or H2O2) whose concentration, duration of contact, and total treatment time can alter results. In addition, factors including the type of stain, and age of patient can affect results. Although whitening agents can affect tooth structure, restorative materials, and gingival tissues, the changes are temporary or can be treated using minimally invasive techniques. Conclusion: Areas requiring further research include the actual mechanism of whitening, its effect on tooth structure and restorative materials, and the development of an easy method to quantitate the degree of whitening in the dental office.

scholarly journals Bimaxillary Protrusion - A Case Report

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 70-73
Author(s):  
Hemant Kumar Halwa ◽  
Sumit Kumar Yadav ◽  
Kishor Dutta ◽  
Sandeep Kumar Gupta ◽  
Raju Shrestha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Treatment Time ◽  
Facial Appearance ◽  
Total Treatment Time ◽  
Total Treatment ◽  
Bimaxillary Protrusion ◽  
Maximum Anchorage

Correction of a severe bimaxillary protrusion with maximum anchorage can be challenging. This case report describes the treatment of a girl with a bimaxillary protrusion. Orthodontic treatment included extraction of her 4 first premolars. The total treatment time was 18 months. Her dental proclination and facial appearance was significantly improved.

scholarly journals A Simplified Three Isocenter IMRT for Craniospinal Irradiation to Minimize Total Treatment Time

2015 ◽  
Vol 93 (3) ◽  
pp. E458
Author(s):  
I. Takahashi ◽  
K. Kashiwado ◽  
N. Sumida ◽  
T. Ubagai ◽  
H. Kakizawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Time ◽  
Craniospinal Irradiation ◽  
Total Treatment Time ◽  
Total Treatment

scholarly journals The efficacy of the figure-of-eight suture technique in the treatment of tunnel bleeding of the femoral artery route after percutaneous coronary intervention or angiography

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (8) ◽  
pp. 030006052094730
Author(s):  
Ya Huang ◽  
Jing-Guo Nong ◽  
Qiao Xue ◽  
Quan-Zhou Feng ◽  
Cai-Yi Lu
Keyword(s):  
Percutaneous Coronary Intervention ◽  
Femoral Artery ◽  
Treatment Time ◽  
Coronary Intervention ◽  
Suture Technique ◽  
Manual Compression ◽  
Performance Time ◽  
Total Treatment Time ◽  
Percutaneous Coronary ◽  
Total Treatment

Objective To evaluate the efficacy of the figure-of-eight (FOE) suture technique in the treatment of tunnel bleeding after femoral artery puncture compared with manual compression (MC). Methods This prospective, randomized, controlled study enrolled patients that had received transfemoral coronary artery angiography or percutaneous coronary intervention and then developed tunnel bleeding. They were randomly assigned into two groups: FOE suture group (ES group) and manual compression group (MC group). Total treatment time, performance frequency, performance time, rate of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and in-hospital time after the procedure were compared. Results A total of 152 patients were enrolled in the study (ES group, n = 63; MC group, n = 89). Compared with the MC group, the total treatment time (mean ± SD: ES 22.3 ± 5.4 h versus MC 26.8 ± 6.8 h), performance frequency (mean ± SD: ES 2.1 ± 0.7 versus MC 2.6 ± 1.1), performance time (mean ± SD: ES 8.9 ± 2.5 min versus MC 12.3 ± 4.1 min), in-hospital time after the procedure (mean ± SD: ES 3.5 ± 1.2 days versus MC 4.8 ± 2.1 days) and DVT rate (ES 0.0% versus MC 6.7%) were significantly lower in the ES group. Conclusion The FOE suture technique effectively treated tunnel bleeding after femoral artery puncture.

scholarly journals Combining different treatment philosophies and techniques to reach the desired treatment goal using butterfly system-customizing orthodontic treatment

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 68
Author(s):  
Dhaval Lekhadia
Keyword(s):  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Treatment Time ◽  
Class Ii ◽  
Total Treatment Time ◽  
Initial Stage ◽  
Total Treatment ◽  
Tongue Thrust ◽  
Implant Anchorage ◽  
Extraction Treatment ◽  
Selection Of

This case report describes the orthodontic treatment of an 18-year-old male patient who presented with Straight profile; tongue thrust habit, proclined upper incisors, generalised spacing in upper and lower arches, Katz's class II premolar relation unilaterally, class II canine relation unilaterally with increased overjet and overbite. A butterfly system was used in the treatment combined with frictionless biomechanics in the initial stage of treatment followed by continuous arch mechanics in the later part of treatment. A tongued crib was used to stop the tongue thrust habit along with one elastic swallow exercise. Micro-implant anchorage was used unilaterally in the upper arch for retraction of the entire segment and correction of the unilateral class II canine and premolar relationship. To avoid a dished in profile, a non-extraction treatment was executed. Final corrections of distally tipped canines were achieved using conventional Begg’s  uprighting auxiliaries in the vertical slots of butterfly system in the finishing stage. The case was finished using bite settling elastics. Total treatment time was 1 year 2 months. Aesthetic and functional goals were achieved satisfactorily with proper selection of biomechanics.

scholarly journals Impact of Overall Treatment Time on Survival and Local Control in Patients With Anal Cancer: A Pooled Data Analysis of Radiation Therapy Oncology Group Trials 87-04 and 98-11

2010 ◽  
Vol 28 (34) ◽  
pp. 5061-5066 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edgar Ben-Josef ◽  
Jennifer Moughan ◽  
Jaffer A. Ajani ◽  
Marshall Flam ◽  
Leonard Gunderson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Therapy ◽  
Anal Cancer ◽  
Detrimental Effect ◽  
Treatment Time ◽  
Radiation Therapy Oncology Group ◽  
Local Failure ◽  
Oncology Group ◽  
Total Treatment Time ◽  
Total Treatment ◽  
N Stage

Purpose To determine whether increased duration of radiation therapy (RT) and overall treatment (RX) time has a detrimental effect in anal cancer. Patients and Methods Data from Radiation Therapy Oncology Group (RTOG) 87-04 and RTOG 98-11 trials were combined to form three treatment groups: RT/fluorouracil (FU)/mitomycin (n = 472), RT/FU/cisplatin (n = 320), and RT/FU (n = 145). Cox proportional hazards models were used with the following variables: RT duration, RT intensity, RX duration, treatment group, age, sex, Karnofsky performance score (KPS), T stage, N stage, and RT dose. Results In the univariate analysis, there was a significant association between RX duration and colostomy failure (CF; hazard ratio [HR] = 1.51; 95% CI, 1.07 to 2.14; P = .02), local failure (HR = 1.52; 95% CI, 1.14 to 2.03; P = .005), locoregional failure (HR = 1.51; 95% CI, 1.15 to 1.98; P = .003), and time to failure (HR = 1.40; 95% CI, 1.10 to 1.79; P = .007). The significance of RX duration was maintained after adjusting for treatment group. In multivariate modeling there was a trend toward an association between RX duration and CF (HR = 1.57; 95% CI, 0.98 to 2.50; P = .06) and a statistically significant association with local failure (HR = 1.96; 95% CI, 1.34 to 2.87; P = .0006). Age, sex, KPS, T stage, N stage, and RT dose, but not RT duration, RT intensity, or RX duration, were found to be statistically significant predictors of OS and colostomy-free survival. Conclusion Total treatment time, but not duration of radiation therapy, seems to have a detrimental effect on local failure and colostomy rate in anal cancer. Induction chemotherapy may contribute to local failure by increasing total treatment time.

Total Treatment Time Verification for the Contura™ Multilumen Balloon

Brachytherapy ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. S83
Author(s):  
Zoubir Ouhib ◽  
Andreas Kyriacou ◽  
Benjamin S. Suutari
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Time ◽  
Total Treatment Time ◽  
Total Treatment

Effects of Pulsed Electric Field Processing on Apple and Pear Polyphenoloxidases

2001 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 339-345 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Giner ◽  
V. Gimeno ◽  
G. V. Barbosa-Cánovas ◽  
O. Martín
Keyword(s):  
Electric Field ◽  
Exponential Decay ◽  
Pulse Generator ◽  
Treatment Time ◽  
Electric Pulse ◽  
Pulsed Electric Field ◽  
Total Treatment Time ◽  
Bipolar Mode ◽  
Total Treatment ◽  
Exponential Decay Model

The feasibility of inhibiting polyphenoloxidase from apple and pear by pulsed electric field processing was evaluated. These treatments significantly lowered polyphenoloxidase activity of enzyme extracts from apple ( Golden deliciousvar.) and pear ( Blanquillavar.). Exponential decay pulses were generated by a laboratory scale electric pulse generator and applied in bipolar mode. Pulse duration was 0.02 ms and electric field intensities were up to 24.6 kV/cm. The temperature of samples never exceeded 15 ºC during pulsed electric field processing treatments. Polyphenoloxidase activities were reduced up to 3.15% and 38.0% initial value in apple extract at 24.6 kV/cm and pear extract at 22.3 kV/cm both for 6 ms total treatment time, respectively. Apple and pear polyphenoloxidase exposed to pulsed electric field processing diminishes their activities following first order kinetics. Rate constants ranged from 132 to 440 ms 1 for apple polyphenoloxidase, whereas for pear 1 and changed exponentially with the applied electric field intensity. Residual polyphenoloxidase activity was correlated to energy density by an exponential decay model.

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